Abstract: One embodiment provides a system for decrypting data frames in an Ethernet passive optical network (EPON). During operation, the system maintains a local cipher counter at a local node, and receives from a remote node a data frame which is encrypted based on a remote input block and a session key. The remote input block is constructed based on the remote cipher counter and a remote block counter. The system updates the local cipher counter based on a received field located in a preamble of the data frame, truncates the local cipher counter by discarding a number of least significant bits, and constructs for the received data frame a local input block based on the truncated local cipher counter, the received field, and a local block counter. The system then decrypts the data frame based on the local input block and the session key.

Abstract: Aspects of a method and system for generating quadrature signals utilizing an on-chip transformer are provided. In this regard, a pair of phase-quadrature signals may be generated from a single-phase signal via a transformer, one or more variable capacitors, and one or more variable resistors integrated on-chip. The transformer may comprise a plurality of loops fabricated in a plurality of metal layers in the chip. Each of the one or more variable capacitors may comprise a configurable capacitor bank and each of the one or more variable resistors may comprise a configurable resistor bank. The one or more capacitor banks may be programmatically configured on-chip, based on a frequency of the single-phase signal. The one or more resistor banks may be programmatically configured on-chip, based on a frequency of said single-phase signal.

Abstract: In a data processing system, a method and system employing high fidelity inverse discrete cosine transform (IDCT) and discrete cosine transform (DCT) algorithms are provided. The values of the coefficients in a two-dimensional (2D) transform utilized in the IDCT and DCT algorithms may approximate the ideal integer output with sufficient visual quality. The transform coefficients may match a portion of the most significant bits (MSBs) or properly rounded bits of the coefficients of a reference transform matrix within an upper bound. The IDCT and DCT algorithms may specify constraints based on separating the 2D transform operation into two 1D transform operations in order to determine a minimum-bit width for each of the transform coefficients. The minimum-bit width may also be based on integer-bit precision of the data to be processed by the IDCT and DCT algorithms.

Abstract: Herein described is a system and a method of detecting and correcting data bit errors using a sequence of one or more codewords transmitted through a communication channel without intersymbol interference. Each of the one or more codewords incorporates or encodes one or more parity bits. The codewords are processed by a Non-ISI Meta-Viterbi detector that utilizes a Meta-Viterbi algorithm. The Non-ISI Meta-Viterbi detector comprises an event weight processor, a computational circuitry, a parity syndrome calculator, and an error correction circuitry. The Non-ISI Meta-Viterbi detector receives an output generated from a symbol detector and processes the received output using a trellis having 2t states. In a representative embodiment, the Non-ISI Meta-Viterbi detector performs ?+2t2t add, compare, and select operations.

Abstract: A system and method for encoding and decoding speech signals that includes a specially-designed Code Excited Linear Prediction (CELP) encoder and a vector quantization (VQ) based Noise Feedback Coding (NFC) decoder or that includes a specially-designed VQ-based NFC encoder and a CELP decoder. The VQ based NFC decoder may be a VQ based two-stage NFC (TSNFC) decoder. The specially-designed VQ-based NFC encoder may be a specially-designed VQ based TSNFC encoder. In each system, the encoder receives an input speech signal and encodes it to generate an encoded bit stream. The decoder receives the encoded bit stream and decodes it to generate an output speech signal. A system and method is also described in which a single decoder receives and decodes both CELP-encoded audio signals as well as VQ-based NFC-encoded audio signals.

Abstract: A method and apparatus supporting the handling of calls using simulcasting of multimedia information are disclosed. Multimedia information exchanged by an associated access device and a gateway. The access device may request for the multimedia information to be recorded during a call, request retrieval of the multimedia information, and playback the multimedia information. The gateway may store the received multimedia information locally or may communicate the multimedia information to storage. The gateway may cause a user of the access device to be notified of the availability of multimedia information for a recorded call, and may communicate the multimedia information to the access device for playback. A user may be notified if storage and bandwidth for the recording of a call is not available.

Abstract: A near field communications (NFC) device is disclosed that intelligently routes NFC data from a NFC device between multiple user interfaces based upon a power level of its internal batteries. The communications device utilizes a communications device user interface to send and/or receive the NFC data from the NFC device when its internal batteries are sufficient to operate the communications device user interface. The communications device begins to route some of this NFC data from being sent and/or received by the communications device user interface to a NFC user interface as its internal batteries deplete. Eventually, all of the NFC data will be sent to and/or received by the NFC user interface as the internal batteries of the communications device become so depleted that they are unable to reliably operate the communications device user interface.

Abstract: Embodiments for processing media over Internet Protocol (IP) packets in a wireless device are provided. Embodiments enable downlink and uplink media over IP flows within the wireless device that reduce the load on the application processor (AP) of the wireless device. In an embodiment, media over IP flows bypass the AP entirely allowing the AP to enter a power saving mode during media over IP sessions. This results in increased battery lifetime and reduced power consumption of the wireless device. In addition, the media over IP session quality is improved by the reduced latency resulting from bypassing the AP.

Abstract: An apparatus for cooling a semiconductor element is provided. The apparatus can include an electron emitter configured to emit electrons such that at least some of the emitted electrons become attached to air particulates and an air accelerator configured to generate an electric field that accelerates the air particulates toward the air accelerator to create an air flow over at least a portion of the semiconductor element. The air flow carries heat away from the at least a portion of the semiconductor element.

Abstract: A receiver receives multipath signals in a W-CDMA system. Channel estimates and timing reference signals are generated utilizing the received multipath signals. Timing correction signals indicating a location of the received multipath signals may be generated and the received multipath signals may be combined based on the computed channel estimates and/or the generated timing reference signals. The multipath signals may be combined as a signal cluster. Circuitry may be provided that computes channel estimates based on at least one of a plurality of received multipath signals, and generates timing reference signals indicating a location of at least one of the plurality of received multipath signals. Circuitry may also be provided that combines at least a portion of the plurality of received multipath signals based on at least a portion of the computed channel estimates and/or the generated timing reference signals.

Abstract: Embodiments provide a reference-less frequency detector that overcomes the “dead zone” problem of conventional circuits. In particular, the frequency detector is able to accurately resolve the polarity of the frequency difference between the VCO clock signal and the data signal, irrespective of the magnitude of the frequency difference and the presence of VCO clock jitter and/or ISI on the data signal.

Abstract: Embodiments for reference-less voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) calibration are provided. Embodiments include a VCO calibration module which uses one or more signals from a frequency detector to automatically select a proper VCO band and bring the VCO clock frequency close enough to the data rate. The VCO calibration module uses a calibration code to calibrate the VCO. In embodiments, the calibration code is determined using a frequency search scheme, which includes a discovery phase to determine the proper VCO band, and a binary search phase and a monitoring phase to select the calibration code that brings the VCO clock frequency closest to the data rate.

Abstract: Embodiments for processing client traffic in a wireless device operated in hotspot mode are provided. Embodiments enable downlink and uplink client traffic flows within the wireless device that reduce the load on the application processor (AP) of the wireless device. In an embodiment, client traffic flows bypass the AP entirely allowing the AP to enter a power saving mode during hotspot sessions. This results in increased battery lifetime and reduced power consumption of the wireless device. In addition, the hotspot session quality is improved by the reduced latency resulting from bypassing the AP.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed to increase a breakdown voltage of a semiconductor device. The semiconductor device can include a modified breakdown shallow trench isolation (STI) region to effectively reduce its drain to source resistance when compared to a conventional semiconductor device. This reduction in the drain to source resistance increases the breakdown voltage of the semiconductor device when compared to the conventional semiconductor device by allowing more current to pass from a source region to a drain region of the semiconductor device. The semiconductor device can include a modified well region to reduce its drain to source resistance. The modified well region allows more current to pass from a source region to a drain region of the semiconductor device, thereby further increasing the break down voltage of the semiconductor device from that of the conventional semiconductor device.

Abstract: A processing device includes a user interface module, the user interface module to connect the processing device with a user interface. A communication module connects the processing device with a mobile device. A communication link is established between the processing device and the mobile device. The communication module receives a request from the mobile device to display information. The user interface module sends the information for display on the user interface.

Abstract: Embodiments for methods and apparatuses for processing a multi-carrier signal are disclosed. One method includes shaping a frequency spectrum of a multi-carrier transmit signal wherein an amplitude of a plurality of subcarriers of the multi-carrier transmit signal is increased relative to at least one other subcarrier of the multi-carrier transmit signal. The shaped frequency spectrum multi-carrier transmit signal is amplified with a power amplifier, wherein a power level of an output of the power amplifier is greater than a rated power level of the power amplifier.

Abstract: Embodiments of an apparatus and method for selective SC equalization are provided. Multipath propagation in a communication channel often changes, and the severity of multipath propagation is often below worst case conditions supported by a SC communication device. When multipath propagation is less severe and below worst conditions, the use of FDE in a SC receiver to mitigate ISI can be overkill and can result in excess power being consumed. The excess power consumption can be attributed to the general inability of the structure used to perform FDE to scale in terms of performance with channel conditions. Embodiments of the apparatus and method for performing selective equalization in a SC receiver allow either FDE or TDE to be performed based on the current multipath propagation conditions of a communication channel. In general, TDE is used in place of FDE to conserve power when channel conditions permit.

Abstract: Embodiments provide systems and methods to dynamically control a radio frequency (RF) transmitter based on monitored error vector magnitude (EVM) performance. Embodiments are enabled by a feedback path that allows estimating the EVM at the output of the transmitter and controlling the transmitter, including the power amplifier (PA), accordingly. As such, the transmitter (and the PA) can be operated as close as possible to the ideal operating point that meets, based on actual conditions, a specified EVM performance and desired output power. By doing so, the overall power consumption of the transmitter is reduced.

Abstract: A system and method for transmit signal pulse shaping in automotive applications. Automotive vehicle manufacturers that incorporate electronic components into an automotive vehicle must consider emission requirements masks that can be dependent on particular geographic markets as well as the other electronic components contained within a particular automotive vehicle design. A physical layer device is provided that can be configured to operate in multiple emissions configurations using configurable parameters specified for the modulation and wave shaping modules.

Abstract: NFC communication is utilized to provide methods, apparatus and systems for increasing the security of cryptographic keys and cryptographic processes. For the encryption and decryption of a message, public key cryptography requires the use of a pair of keys, i.e., the public key and the private key. Various embodiments of the present invention provide storage of information needed for one or more aspects of encrypting and/or decrypting messages, wherein that information is made available through an NFC communications interface. An NFC-enabled device is brought into physical proximity with a computational platform that is executing, or otherwise providing access to, an email client. Once the NFC-enabled device and the computational platform are within NFC communication range of each other, transfer of information needed to set up an encryption and/or decryption process takes place.