Abstract: Media formatting wherein media available from a media source is formatted for use with a media terminal. The formatting may include formatting the media to corresponding with operating characteristics of the terminal. The formatting may also include formatting one or more transmission and allowing the terminal to select the transmission having a matching/compatible format.

Abstract: The present channel acquisition system rapidly acquires and decodes digital media streams that are broadcast to customers, such as the digital media streams delivered by streaming media and traditional broadcast media services like cable, satellite, and broadcast television. When the decoding unit makes a channel change or initiates reception of a selected channel, the decoding unit receives the necessary Reference Frames and Dependent Frames on a separate channel such that it can start decoding faster than if it waited for those frames to arrive on the selected channel via the broadcast stream. There are several embodiments of the channel acquisition system which provide various forms of data on the separate channel to enable the rapid acquisition of the selected channel by the decoding unit.

Abstract: Disclosed is a quantizer that uses optimum decision thresholds that are determined by the average of the optimum reconstruction levels of a detected signal in the presence of noise. The Lloyd-Max Quantizer is used to determine the optimum reconstruction levels yK using a minimum means squared error technique. Decision thresholds xK are therefore established at levels where influences of noise or other distortions are equally likely to occur between adjacent transmitted points. The present invention can be utilized in quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) systems or any quantizer design that quantizes an analog signal.

Abstract: A modulation and demodulation scheme for video signals may be used for HDTV signals using VSB-PAM, analog NTSC signals using VSB-AM and digital video signals using QAM. VSB-PAM modulation and demodulation may be performed using in-phase and quadrature baseband filters. By adjusting the filter taps, a single modulator structure may be used for QAM and VSB-PAM modulation. Similarly, a single demodulator structure may be used for QAM and VSB-PAM demodulation. This demodulator may also be used for VSB-AM modulation.