Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for making cross-linked oxidation-resistant polymeric materials and preventing or minimizing in vivo elution of antioxidant from the antioxidant-containing polymeric materials. The invention also provides methods of doping polymeric materials with a spatial control of cross-linking and antioxidant distribution, for example, vitamin E (?-Tocopherol), and methods for extraction/elution of antioxidants, for example, vitamin E (?-tocopherol), from surface regions of antioxidant-containing polymeric materials, and materials used therewith also are provided.

Abstract: A receiver for processing a signal in which data symbols are each represented by the energy at each of a plurality of carrier frequencies, the receiver comprising: an analogue to digital converter for periodically sampling the signal and generating a corresponding digital sample; a Fourier transform unit having a plurality of input bins for receiving samples generated by the analogue to digital converter and being arranged to, in dependence on the samples, generate outputs representing the energy in the signal during a sample period at each of a plurality of frequencies including the carrier frequencies; and a symbol estimator for estimating a symbol present in the signal during a sample period in dependence on the outputs of the Fourier transform unit; wherein the number of the input bins is greater than the total number of carrier frequencies and during each sample period the number of the outputs in dependence on which the symbol estimator performs symbol estimation is less than the number of input bins.

Abstract: A protection circuit for protecting components from an electrostatic discharge at a node in an integrated circuit having a first set of electronic components of a first voltage sensitivity, the protection circuit comprising: detection circuitry arranged to detect an electrostatic discharge at the node; a first switching device connected between the first set of components and the node; and a second switching device connected between the node and ground; wherein, when an electrostatic discharge is detected at the node, the first switching device is configured to isolate the first set of components from the node and the second switching device is configured to provide a current path from said node to ground.

Abstract: A semiconductive hole transport material containing polar substituent groups, the polar substituent groups substantially not affecting the electronic properties of the hole transport material and the hole transport material being soluble in a polar solvent.

Abstract: A receiver comprising: one or more variable gain elements; an automatic gain control (AGC) for controlling a gain of one or more of the one or more the variable gain elements; and a frame detector configured to detect the presence of a frame in a signal received by the receiver and to output a signal to the AGC on detection of a data frame, wherein the AGC is configured to estimate a signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the received signal on receiving an input signal from the frame detector, to calculate a SNR margin between the estimated SNR and a target SNR and to adjust the gain of one or more of the one or more variable gain elements to maintain a positive SNR margin such that in the event of interference with the received signal the one or more variable gain elements do not saturate.

Abstract: A sound reproduction system for producing sound and 3D sound at the listener position by directing beams from an array loudspeaker using differential apodisation. Optionally, cross-talk cancellation is applied to beams directed to the listener's left and right ears.

Abstract: A transmitter for transmitting data symbols using an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) scheme, the transmitter comprising: a modulator for generating a plurality of mutually orthogonal sub-carriers, each of the plurality of sub-carriers being modulated with a stream of data symbols to be transmitted; an amplifier for amplifying a signal containing the plurality of modulated sub-carriers for transmission of the signal; and a symbol processor for processing the data symbols of the plurality of sub-carriers, the symbol processor being configured to compute a plurality of EVM values for each data symbol to be transmitted, each of the plurality of EVM values being computed based on a different one of a plurality of candidate back-off values for the amplifier, and to select one of the plurality of candidate back-off values to apply to the transmitter for the data symbol based on the computed EVM values

Abstract: The present application relates to a transceiver for use in a communications system that uses magnetic field induction to transmit data, the transceiver having an amplifier for driving an antenna, the amplifier forming, with a capacitance and a resistance connected in parallel with the antenna, a parallel resonant circuit. The resistance value of the resistance is adjustable, to permit adjustment of the loaded quality factor of the parallel resonant circuit. The transceiver includes a processing unit configured to determine the signal to noise ratio (SNR) of a signal received by the transceiver, and based on this SNR select a modulation scheme to apply to a data signal to be transmitted by the transceiver. The value of the resistance is adjusted to a level at which the loaded quality factor of the parallel resonant circuit is able to support the bandwidth and data rate required by the selected modulation scheme.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing a library of template polynucleotides and use thereof in methods of solid-phase nucleic acid amplification. More specifically, the invention relates to a method for preparing a library of template polynucleotides that have common sequences at their 5? ends and at their 3? ends.

Abstract: A composition including (a) a solid support having a surface; (b) a first plurality of nucleic acids immobilized on the surface, wherein the nucleic acids in the first plurality each include the P7 primer sequence (5?-CAAGCAGAAGACGGCATACGA-3?; SEQ ID NO: 3); and (c) a second plurality of nucleic acids immobilized on the surface, wherein the nucleic acids in the second plurality each include the P5 primer sequence (5?-AATGATACGGCGACCACCGA-3?; SEQ ID NO: 4).

Abstract: A filter for filtering a received signal to attenuate an interferer therein, the interferer having a component at an interferer frequency, and the filter comprising: an intermediate filter providing a passband and a stopband; a first frequency converter configured to form a first intermediate signal by frequency-shifting an input signal derived from the received signal such that a component of the input signal at the interferer frequency is shifted to a frequency in the passband of the intermediate filter, and to input the first intermediate signal to the intermediate filter so as to cause the first intermediate signal to be filtered by the intermediate filter to form a second intermediate signal; a second frequency converter configured to form a cancellation signal by frequency-shifting the second intermediate signal such that a component of the second intermediate signal in the passband of the intermediate filter is shifted to the interferer frequency; and a cancellation unit configured to cancel the cancel

Abstract: This invention generally relates to image processing systems. More particularly it relates to systems and methods for displaying images using multi-line addressing (MLA) or total matrix addressing (TMA) techniques, and to techniques for post-processing of data for display generated by these techniques. Embodiments of the invention are particularly useful for driving OLED (organic light emitting diode) displays. We describe a method of driving an electroluminescent display to display an image using a plurality of temporal sub-frames, data for a said sub-frame comprising a first set of drive values (R;C) and second set of drive values (C;R) for driving respective first and second axes of said display, a said sub-frame having an associated sub-frame display time.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting device comprises an anode, a cathode, a light-emitting layer between the anode and the cathode and a hole transporting layer between the anode and the light-emitting layer. The hole transporting layer comprises a hole-transporting material having a triplet energy level, and a triplet-quenching unit having a triplet energy level that is lower than the triplet energy level of the hole-transporting material. The triplet quenching unit is selected from the group consisting of polyaromatic hydrocarbons such as 2,6-anthracenes, 9,10-anthracenes and derivatives thereof; anthanthrenes and derivatives thereof; distyryl aryls and derivatives thereof such as distyrylbenzenes, distyrylbiphenyls, stilbenes, fulvenes, dibenzofulvenes, perylenes, linear polyenes (from 2 to 6 alkenes) and cyclic polyenes, each of which may optionally be substituted with one or more substituents.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the preparation of a device comprising a transition metal oxide doped interface between an anode and a semiconducting hole transport layer, comprising the steps of depositing a solution comprising a precursor for a metal oxide layer on said anode, drying and optionally annealing the deposited solution to form a solid layer precursor, depositing a solution of said semiconducting hole transport layer material onto the solid layer, and optionally annealing thermally the resulting product to give the desired device having transition metal oxide at the interface between said anode and said semiconducting hole transport layer; together with a device obtainable by the process according to the invention.

Abstract: An IR detector in the form of a thermopile including one or more thermocouples on a dielectric membrane supported by a silicon substrate. Each thermocouple is composed of two materials, at least one of which is p-doped or n-doped single crystal silicon. The device is formed in an SOI process. The device is advantageous as the use of single crystal silicon reduces the noise in the output signal, allows higher reproducibility of the geometrical and physical properties of the layer and in addition, the use of an SOI process allows a temperature sensor, as well as circuitry to be fabricated on the same chip. The detector can also have an IR filter wafer bonded onto it and/or have arrays of thermopiles to increase the sensitivity. The devices can also be integrated with an IR source on the same silicon chip and packaged to form a complete and miniaturised NDIR sensor.

Abstract: An organic/inorganic hybrid photovoltaic device architecture. In some variations, power conversion efficiencies approach 1%. Some variations include an unexpected order of magnitude improvement of power conversion efficiency approaching 5%. Methods of fabricating a photovoltaic device, including depositing over a first electrode an organic semiconductor layer; depositing over the organic semiconductor layer a cross-linking ligand layer; depositing over the cross-linking ligand layer an inorganic nanocrystal layer; and depositing a second electrode over the inorganic nanocrystal layer.

Abstract: A system for controlling a vehicle. The vehicle has a steerable front axle and at least one further steerable axle. The system determining the path of a reference lead point at the front of the vehicle and determining the path of a follow point at the rear of the vehicle. A controller for driving the at least one further steerable axle of the vehicle such that the deviation between the path of the lead point of the vehicle and the follow point is within a predetermined range while the vehicle is in motion.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a self-aligned top-gate organic transistor comprises depositing a photoresist material over the dielectric material, and exposing the photoresist material to irradiation through the substrate using the source and drain electrodes as a mask. The exposure defines a region for deposition of the gate electrode.

Abstract: A light emissive or photovoltaic device comprising: a cathode structure for injecting electrons, the cathode structure having one or more constituent regions; an anode structure for injecting holes, the anode structure having one or more constituent regions; and an organic light emissive component located between the anode structure and the cathode structure; the refractive indices and the thicknesses of the or each constituent region of the cathode and anode structures and of the light emissive component being such that the emission or absorption spectrum of the device is substantially angularly dependent.

Abstract: A system and method for driving pixels of an OLED display using a backplane for an active matrix device comprising a substrate arranged to electrically connect to a plurality of semiconductor elements, a plurality of first semiconductor elements mounted on the substrate, each comprising one or more circuit elements configured to drive one or more active elements of the active matrix device, and a plurality of second semiconductor elements mounted on the substrate, each comprising one or more circuit elements configured to control one or more of the first semiconductor elements.