Abstract: An illuminating device comprises a light-condensing block forming a transparent pillar member having a greater refractive index than the ambience and having a cross-sectional shape forming a part of an ellipse, and a light source disposed axially of the pillar member in a focal plane containing one focus of the ellipse for illuminating an object through the light-condensing block.
Abstract: A process for forming a deposition film on a substrate comprises introducing separately a precursor or activated species formed in a decomposition space (B) and activated species formed in a decomposition space (C), into the deposition space wherein the film is formed on the substrate.