Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of using meso-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroxybutane for the maintenance and/or improvement of biological cell function and activity, and for the prevention of improper cell functioning or cell death, in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo over time and/or during exposure to stress. Meso-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroxybutane can be used to promote cell survival and as a cell protection agent, to increase cell viability, and to improve conversion of progenitor or stem cells to mature cells, whether in vitro, in vivo, ex-vivo, or transplanted.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a confectionery product, more specifically a hard candy containing an edible acid, and at least 95% w/w erythritol preferably at least 98% w/w erythritol, more preferably at least 99% w/w erythritol. The confectionery product is not containing a binding agent selected from the group consisting of gum Arabic, gelatine and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a process for preparing of slurries containing suspended and dissolved particles and a solution as well as a slurry are provided onto a hydrocyclone equipment, disk centrifuge or nozzle centrifuge equipment. The dry matter concentration in the collected slurry is higher than the concentration of the mixture of the slurry and the solution as such. The use of a hydrocyclone stage for this specific purpose is disclosed as well.

Abstract: Recombinant yeast are provided having, in one aspect, multiple exogenous LDH genes integrated into the genome, while leaving native PDC genes intact. In a second aspect, recombinant yeast are provided having an exogenous LDH gene integrated into its genome at the locus of a native PDC gene, with deletion of the native PDC gene. The recombinant yeast are useful in fermentation process for producing lactic acid.

Abstract: An improved fermentation process for the preparation of ethanol and distillers dried grain from a corn fraction having low oil, high starch and low germ content is provided. The process provides reduced fermentation time, increased ethanol yield and reduced fusel oil concentration.

Abstract: A meat product may include a plurality of whole muscle meat portions that each have substantially opposite end faces. The plurality of whole muscle meat portions may be consecutively disposed such that respective adjacent end faces of the whole muscle meat portions substantially face each other and have at least some regions that are attached. The meat product may have a substantially elongated configuration in a direction extending from a first whole muscle meat portion of the consecutively disposed whole muscle meat portions to a last whole muscle meat portion of the consecutively disposed whole muscle meat portions.

Abstract: A method including providing an initial test sample including a primary material and a relatively smaller amount of at least one adventitious material; combining the initial test sample with a standard addition of at least one adventitious material to form a final test sample, wherein the standard addition has a known amount of genetically modified adventitious material; and analyzing the final test sample to determine the % GMO of the primary material and the % GMO of the adventitious material.

Abstract: An improved extracted corn composition having an oil concentration of less than about 1.7 wt % (on an anhydrous basis) and containing high concentrations of protein and essential amino acids is provided. The composition has a nutritional profile advantageous for use as an animal feed ingredient. Also provided are processes for the preparation of the extracted corn composition; feed rations incorporating the extracted corn composition; and methods for the preparation of such feed rations.

Abstract: A method of isolating chondroitin sulfate product from a feedstock comprising connective tissue.

Abstract: Producers and handlers of various grown commodities commingle products together during storage and transportation. The commingling of similar varieties of products with different attributes or characteristics makes it difficult to distinguish between like products. A system is described that tracks lots of these products from their creation through the entire storage and transportation process, which can be very complex. Furthermore, the system integrates tracking data from one or more enterprise software systems. Specifically, the enterprise software systems collect tracking data along with data normally collected by the enterprise software systems. The enterprise software systems submit the tracking data to an integration module of the identity preservation and tracing system in formats that comply with one or more business activity definitions installed with the integration module.

Abstract: Disclosed are modeling and process control techniques for manufacturing products. More specifically, computer-aided modeling techniques are described that allow the manufacturer to predict a profile for a multivariate output that is necessary to achieve a target performance property for a manufactured product.

Abstract: The disclosure describes methods for performing agricultural transactions involving the exchange of inputs, such as agricultural equipment, non-equipment agricultural inputs, and non-agricultural inputs, in consideration of a commitment to deliver a specified quantity of an agricultural commodity over a specified period of time. In consideration of the commitment and, in some cases, a payment, the agricultural producer receives the inputs. In effect, the payment may result in a substantial discount of the price that the agricultural producer would otherwise pay for the inputs. The methods also may be applicable to exchange of non-agricultural commodities.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of carbon monoxide as a process aid to reduce the curing time of ground beef. Ground beef must presently go through a curing stage of 24 hours to 8 days for the oxymyoglobin to transform to deoxymyoglobin, which presents a desirable purple color for the raw meat. In the present invention the curing process is interrupted when some of the ground beef is not completely cured, i.e., still in the metmyoglobin stage, and the ground beef is packaged in a treatment gas containing carbon monoxide. The carbon monoxide converts the myoglobin into carboxymyoglobin, which has a desirable bright-red cherry color.

Abstract: A process and device is provided for coating a formed rod or pellet of shortening with a layer of shortening having a higher melting point to prevent agglomeration of the shortening pellets during storage and transportation.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for preparing and dispensing a liquid deicer. The apparatus and method allow deicer ingredients or precursors to be combined in an exothermic reaction to produce a heated deicer at the location where it will be used. In one implementation, potassium hydroxide and acetic acid are combined using the apparatus and method to make hot potassium acetate for use in numerous deicer applications, including deicing of airport runways.

Abstract: A method including providing an initial test sample including a primary material and a relatively smaller amount of at least one adventitious material; combining the initial test sample with a standard addition of at least one adventitious material to form a final test sample, wherein the standard addition has a known amount of genetically modified adventitious material; and analyzing the final test sample to determine the % GMO of the primary material and the % GMO of the adventitious material.

Abstract: A snow removal machine including a housing with a forward opening through which snow enters the snow removal machine. At least one rotatable member is positioned and rotatably secured within the housing for engaging and eliminating the snow from within said housing. The snow removal machine also includes a surface treatment application system with a treatment material dispensing system connected to the housing for dispensing a liquid or solid deicer and/or anti-icing treatment material over an area from which snow has been removed.

Abstract: A process of enhancing peel oil extraction from citrus fruit comprises providing a mixture containing citrus solids and water, subjecting the citrus solids and water mixture to high power ultrasonic energy under conditions sufficient to separate peel oil from the citrus solids, and recovering the peel oil. An apparatus for extracting peel oil from citrus fruit comprises an extractor, a conduit for flowing a citrus mixture containing citrus solids and water, and an ultrasonic generator for subjecting the citrus mixture to high power ultrasonic energy to separate peel oil from the citrus solids. In another embodiment, sonic energy is used to de-emulsify peel oil in a citrus mixture.

Abstract: An apparatus for applying a liquid coating to a deicer composition, methods of applying a liquid coating to a deicer composition, and solid deicer compositions that have been coated using the apparatus or method of the invention are disclosed. The apparatus includes a screw conveyor that has a housing, at least one screw with a plurality of flights, an inlet for uncoated deicer, an inlet for a liquid coating composition, and an outlet for deicer coated with the liquid coating composition. The screws contain protrusions or tabs that extend from the surrounding surface of the screw. These protrusions or tabs aid in the mixing of the solid deicer and the liquid coating composition in order to provide a well-mixed deicer that resists caking while avoiding losing the coating composition to leaching.

Abstract: Citrus fiber is recovered from citrus vesicles to obtain a food additive for beverages, baked goods, meat or meat emulsions, confectionary, jams and jellies, dairy products, dressings, energy bars, and the like. Citrus vesicles optionally are washed with water, and water washed vesicles are recovered. The vesicles are contacted with an organic solvent to obtain organic solvent washed vesicles. The organic solvent washed vesicles are desolventized and dried citrus fiber is recovered.