Abstract: Anthracycline glycosides of the formula I ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen or hydroxyl and the hydrochlorides thereof, and which are useful in treating certain mammalian tumors, are prepared by condensing daunomycinone with the novel sugar, 4-O-methyl-2,3,6-trideoxy-3trifluoroacetamidoribohexopyranosyl chloride in an inert organic solvent and in the presence of a soluble silver salt and a dehydrating agent to form 3', 4' -diepi-4'-O-methyl-N-trifluoroacetyl daunorubicin, and removing the N-trifluoroacetyl group therefrom. This gives the compound wherein R is hydrogen. The former is converted to the corresponding hydroxyl compound by conventional means.

Abstract: An apparatus for porosimetric measurements, wherein a sample to be analyzed is put in an ampoule filled with mercury and submitted to ever increasing pressures, in order to obtain measurements of the mercury volume variations due to pressure increases.Such mercury volume variations, which are correlated to the sample pore sizes, are detected by measuring capacity variations in a mercury condenser provided for in a capillary neck of ampoule.

Abstract: An apparatus for feeding carrier gas at a constant rate to on-column injectors for capillary and micropacked gas-chromatographic columns. The apparatus includes a constant pressure gas delivering device in operation during the sample injection, and a constant rate gas delivering device in operation during the sample processing stage inside the column. The two devices are connected in parallel and a switch controls the alternative operation of the same.

Abstract: Substituted morpholine derivatives, such as, for instance the compound 2-[.alpha.-(3,4-methylendioxy-phenoxy)-benzyl]-morpholine are disclosed.The claimed compounds are active on the central nervous system, and may be used as antidepressant agents.

Abstract: Bicyclic prostaglandins and pharmaceutical and veterinary compositions containing them having numerous pharmaceutical or veterinary utilities including, for example, hypotensive, vasodilatory, antiaggregating, luteolytic, and cytoprotective activities. Processes for preparing the compounds and compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: Bicyclic prostaglandins and pharmaceutical and veterinary compositions containing them having numerous pharmaceutical or veterinary utilities including, for example, hypotensive, vasodilatory, anti-aggregating, luteolytic, and cytoprotective activities. Processes for preparing the compounds and compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method and device for sample injections into a gas chromatographic column, wherein, in order to achieve sample trapping and solvent effects, the injection zone and an initial portion of the column are kept at a low temperature and then a quick temperature change is performed at the end of said initial portion. The cooling action is preferably performed by a cooling fluid acting outside the injector and column, while said temperature change is obtained by a suitable thermoregulation of the oven wherein said gas chromatographic column is housed.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the preparation of compounds of formula I: ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen, lower alkyl, trichloroethyl, benzyl, p-nitrobenzyl, acetoxymethyl, pivaloyloxymethyl, phthalidyl, or a --CH(CH.sub.3)OCOOEt group;R.sup.1 is --CH.sub.2 OH, --CHO, --CH.sub.2 SH, --CH.sub.2 NH.sub.2, --CH.sub.2 OCOR.sup.2, --COOR.sup.2, --CH.sub.2 NHCOR.sup.2, --CH.sub.2 OR.sup.3, or --CH.sub.2 SR.sup.4 where R.sup.2 is a lower alkyl, aryl or a heterocyclic ring, R.sup.3 is a lower alkyl, benzyl, or trityl, and R.sup.4 is a five- or six-member heterocyclic ring containing one or more heteroatoms,which comprises reacting a 4-acetoxy azetidinone with a .beta.-thioketoester to form a mixture, reacting said mixture with thionyl chloride followed by reaction with a phosphine and a base, ozonolyzing and heating to obtain the compounds of formula I.

Abstract: Daunomycin derivatives of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a lower alkyl having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and R is a hydrogen atom or a trifluoroacetyl group are useful in treating certain mammalian tumors.

Abstract: 2-Hydroxymethyl-pyrazine derivatives are disclosed, such as, for instance, the compound 2-hydroxymethyl-5-methylpyrazine-4-oxide. The compounds exhibit an elevated lipid lowering activity, and can be used to control triglyceride and cholesterol levels.

Abstract: Daunomycin derivatives of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a lower alkyl having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and R is hydrogen or a trifluoroacetyl group are useful in treating certain mammalian tumors.

Abstract: A new class of antitumor glycoside antibiotics of the formula (IA): ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen or hydroxy; and X is ##STR2## These compounds are prepared, using novel intermediates, by condensing the appropriate aglycone and branched-chain aminodeoxy sugar to form the .alpha.-glycosidic linkage.

Abstract: Bicyclic Prostaglandins and pharmaceutical and veterinary compositions containing them, having numerous pharmaceutical and veterinary utilities, including for example hypotensive, vasodilatory, anti-aggregating, and anti-thrombotic activities. Methods for preparing the compounds and compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: Bicyclic prostaglandins having numerous pharmaceutical and veterinary utilities including, for example, use as hypotensive, vasodilatory, anti-aggregating, cytoprotective, and bronchodilatory agents. Pharmaceutical and veterinary compositions comprising the compounds in combination with pharmaceutically and/or veterinarily acceptable carriers and/or diluents are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for chemical analysis of specimens in order to detect the presence and percentages of given chemical elements (C, N, H, S and O) therein. Said specimen is subjected to known chemical treatments in order to reveal said elements, which elements are detected and revealed as peaks of a curve traced by the apparatus, each peak corresponding to an analyzed and detected element.The surface area of each element peak is then correlated with that of the other element peaks in order to obtain a series of ratios between said areas.Such ratios are then compared, for each element pairs, with an experimentally determined graph which is valuable for each element pair in all specimens and gives a ratio between the numbers of atoms of said element pair, so that from said ratios between the numbers of atoms of all analyzed and detected elements, a reduced formula of the specimen composition may be obtained.

Abstract: Antitumor anthracycline glycosides of the formula: ##STR1## wherein one of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is hydrogen and the other is formyl, hydroxymethyl or aminomethyl, and R.sub.3 is hydrogen, hydroxy or an acyloxy group; and pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts of said compounds in which one of R.sub.1 and R.sub. 2 is aminomethyl are prepared from daunorubicin, doxorubicin or 14-O-acyl derivatives of doxorubicin by deamination and C-3' epimerization effected with NaNO.sub.2 in a cold aqueous acidic medium, such as 1N aqueous acetic acid at 0.degree. C., to give compounds wherein one of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is formyl and the optional further steps of selective reduction, e.g., with NaCNBH.sub.3 in 4:1 dioxan:aqueous acetate buffer at pH 4.6 or with Na(CH.sub.3 COO).sub.3 BH in benzene under reflux, to form compounds in which one of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 hydroxymethyl, or selective reductive amination, e.g., with NaCNBH.sub.3 in the presence of methanolic CH.sub.3 COONH.sub.

Abstract: Bicyclic prostaglandins and pharmaceutical and veterinary compositions containing them, having numerous pharmaceutical and veterinary utilities, including for example hypotensive, vasodilatory, anti-aggregating, and anti-thrombotic activities. Methods for preparing the compounds and compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: Pyridazinyl-ergoline compounds having neuroleptic activity are obtained by reacting an 8.beta.-tosylmethyl ergoline with the sodium derivative of an aminopyridazine or a mercaptopyridazine in a dipolar aprotic solvent.

Abstract: Compounds and process for making same are disclosed, the compounds having the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a methyl, phenyl, piperidino, 1-pyrrolidinyl, morpholino or 4-methyl-1-piperazinyl group, an alkyl or alkoxy group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an amino group, a substituted amino group of the formula NHR' (wherein R' represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group, a benzyl group, or a phenyl group) or a substituted amino group of the formula NR" R"' (wherein R" and R"' both represent alkyl groups having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms);R.sub.2 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a phenyl group;R.sub.3 represents a fluorine atom, a cyano, difluoromethyl, difluorobromomethyl, trifluoromethyl, methylthio, methylsulphonyl, or sulphonamido group, an alkoxy group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an acyl group having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms, or a benzoyl group;R.sub.

Abstract: 9-Desacetyl-9-ethylen oxide daunorubicin hydrochloride is an effective antitumor antibiotic.