Abstract: The present invention provides novel one-step processes for preparing highly branched macromolecule polymers that have highly controlled molecular architectures. The process comprises the reaction of a branching monomer such as a substituted phenyl compound having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are defined herein, with a core monomer and an end-capping monomer, such as a phenolic ester, for a sufficient period of time and at a sufficient temperature to directly produce the highly branched polymer, in a single processing step.

Abstract: An improved polyester/polyamide composite fiber is provided. The composite fiber includes a polyamide component generally considered to lack compatibility with a polyester component. Advantageously, the composite fiber includes an adhesion-promoting polymer in an amount effective to provide adhesion of the polyamide component to the polyester component. The composite fiber beneficially provides strength and cost advantages.

Abstract: A method for brightening fiber from colored waste paper comprising bleaching pulp from colored waste paper with sodium hydrosulfite, formamidine sulfinic acid, or hydrogen peroxide in the presence of a selected quaternary compound.

Abstract: The present invention provides a bottom anti-reflective coating compositions having a very low level of metal ions and a process for producing such compositions utilizing specially treated ion exchange resins. The present invention also provides photoresists produced using such bottom anti-reflective coating compositions and a method for producing semiconductor devices using such photoresists.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for producing water insoluble, aqueous alkali soluble novolak resins having a very low level of metal ions, utilizing treated ion exchange resins. A method is also provided for producing photoresist composition having a very low level of metal ions from such novolak resins and for producing semiconductor devices using such photoresist compositions.

Abstract: A filtration structure comprising a thermally bonded, wet laid, fibrous web and support is provided. The web is formed from bicomponent fiber comprising a structure-forming component and a heat-bondable component. Also provided is a filtration method using the filtration structure. Beneficially, the filtration structure may include microfiber.

Abstract: A process for preparing a poly(hydroxystyrene) which comprises the steps of (a) heating a carbinol under decomposition conditions in the presence of a solvent for a sufficient period of time to form hydroxystyrene, said solvent having a boiling point in substantially the same range as said hydroxystyrene; and (b) polymerizing said hydroxystyrene under suitable polymerization conditions of pressure and temperature and for a sufficient period of time to form poly(hydroxystyrene).

Abstract: A catalyst useful for the manufacture of vinyl acetate from acetic acid, oxygen and ethylene which contains palladium, calcium, and at least one of zirconium and rhenium and the method of manufacture of vinyl acetate using the catalyst.

Abstract: A process for preparing tertiary alkanols which comprises the step of oxidizing with ozone a saturated hydrocarbon having a tertiary carbon center in the presence of a carboxylic acid and for a sufficient period of time and at suitable temperature and pressure to form said alkanols.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel one-step processes for preparing highly branched macromolecule polymers that have highly controlled molecular architectures. The process comprise the reaction of a branching monomer such as a substituted phenyl compound having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are defined herein, with a second monomer (an end-capping monomer) such as a phenolic ester for a sufficient period of time and at a sufficient temperature to directly produce the highly branched polymer, in a single processing step.

Abstract: Hydroformylation of alkenes to aldehydes in the presence of a rhodium complex catalyst is improved by the addition of a novel bidentate ligand of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.1 ' and R.sub.2 ' are organic radicals selected from alicyclic, aliphatic and aromatic groups of which at least one is preferably substituted with at least one electronegative moiety and the methylene groups are present at the trans-2,3 positions on the norbornane moiety. The invention also provides a novel method for producing the bidentate ligand and novel intermediate phosphine oxide and phosphinous acid compounds.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing arylglyoxals which comprise the steps of (a) electrochemically oxidizing an arylketone at a pH of less than about seven and at a temperature of from about -20.degree. C. to about 120.degree. C. in the presence of an electrolyte for a sufficient period of time to form an arylacetal, and (b) subjecting said acetal to hydrolysis for a sufficient period of time and under suitable temperature and pressure conditions to form said arylglyoxal.

Abstract: A process for producing a deionizing resin, which comprises reacting an organic compound having at least one reactive hydroxy group and at least one active chelating site with an organic polymer matrix having at least one reactive --OH or --NH.sub.2 group, at a pH greater than 10.0 and thereby producing a polymer complex, washing the polymer complex with water followed by washing with a mineral acid solution and then again washing with water and thereby reducing the level of sodium, iron and chromium ions in the polymer complex to less than 500 ppb each.

Abstract: A process for preparing a polyhydroxystyrene having a novolak type structure which comprises the step of polymerizing a mixture of carboxylic acid and at least one substituted phenyl carbinol whose formula is: ##STR1## wherein (a) R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl C.sub.1 -C.sub.20, substituted and unsubstituted phenyl, and C(O)R.sub.8 (where R.sub.8 is alkyl C.sub.1 -C.sub.20); (b) R.sub.2 is selected from the group consisting of H and alkyl C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 ; and (c) R.sub.3 -R.sub.7 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl C.sub.1 -C.sub.20, OR.sub.9 (where R.sub.9 is H, alkyl C.sub.1 -C.sub.20, esters thereof, or substituted and unsubstituted phenyl), halogen, BZT, nitro, or amino, with the proviso that at least one of R.sub.3 -R.sub.7 is OR.sub.9, in the presence of a suitable catalyst for a sufficient period of time and under suitable conditions of temperature and pressure to form said novolak type polymer.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a shutdown, bilayer battery separator and a process for making the same. A first microporous membrane with shutdown capability and a second microporous membrane with strength capability are joined together in face-to-face contact. The face of the first membrane being adhered by calendaring, adhesives, or welding, to the face of the second membrane, and the separator having a thickness of less than 3 mils, and a puncture strength, as measured from the second microporous membrane, of greater than 1900 g-mm, and a peel strength of greater than 1 grams/centimeter.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a subbing coating composition for polyester films comprising:I - a polymer A having attached to its backbone- carboxyl groups and/or- groups which form carboxyl groups upon hydrolysis and- a polymer B having attached to its backbone --SO.sub.3 X and/or --PO.sub.3 XY groups, whereinX and Y are identical or different and denote an alkali metal, ammonium or hydrogenorII - a polymer A' having attached to its backbone- carboxyl groups and/or groups which form carboxyl groups upon hydrolysis, and- --SO.sub.3 X and/or --PO.sub.3 XY groups, whereinX and Y are identical or different and denote an alkali metal, ammonium or hydrogenandIII - an organic compound C having at least two free hydroxy groups, wherein the coating composition does not comprise addition polymerizable compounds.

Abstract: Organic polymer surfaces are modified by contacting such surfaces with a haloester compound and a cationic compound of having a pK.sub.a >5. Preferably the organic polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyesters, aromatic polyamides, and graphitic polymers and the contacting is conducted at an elevated temperature.

Abstract: The present invention provides a unique and novel way of producing carbinols such as 4-hydroxyphenylmethylcarbinol (HPMC). In this new process, a ketone such as 4-hydroxyacetophenone (4-HAP) is heated under suitable hydrogenation conditions of temperature and pressure in the presence of a suitable catalyst and a basic material, and for a sufficient period of time to form HPMC.

Abstract: The invention is a dye composition containing two or more dyes of the vinyl sulfone type which can be used in combination to dye polyamide substrates. Preferably the dye compositions of the invention contain at least three dyes of different primary colors.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel D.sub.4 -symmetric chiral porphyrins derived from 1R-(+)-nopinone. The simplicity and flexibility of this synthetic protocol provides an attractive route to this novel class of porphyrins starting from cyclic ketones. For example, the chloromanganese (III) derivatives of the new macrocycles have utility as catalysts for the asymmetric epoxidation of aromatic alkenes.