Abstract: An enclosure assembly for a camera is designed to be mounted on the frame of an optical inspection apparatus for scanning the profile of a surface of an article moving along a travel path axis, the profile being associated with a reference axis orthogonal to a reference plane parallel to the travel path axis. The camera is part of a profile sensor unit and has an optical sensing field directed toward the travel path axis to define a scanning zone associated with the surface as intersected by the optical sensing field, the profile unit further having a laser source directing at angle with the optical sensing field a fan-shaped laser beam toward the scanning zone to define an associated scanning plane transverse to the travel path axis, to generate sensor output data related the profile of the article surface.

Abstract: A system for trussing slaughtered birds comprises a conveyer provided with at least one bird holder for transporting a bird to at least one working position along the transport path of the conveyer, a bird trussing station located at the working position, which station includes a trussing module defining a working zone, and a mechanical arrangement for bringing the bird within the working zone in predetermined position and orientation relative thereto to allow for operation of the trussing module according to a trussing pattern by which a trussing element catches and maintains the bird in a trussed condition. The system further comprises a controller operatively connected to the conveyer and the bird trussing station. The system may also comprise a bird's legs crossing station located at a working position upstream the trussing station where the trussing of bird's legs is desired.

Abstract: A rotary tool for use with a rotary driving unit for inserting a component through a surface of a workpiece made of a material showing friction-induced plasticity such as aluminum, includes a tool body having a working end defining a shoulder portion and a securing device for selectively engaging the component to impart rotation thereof in a first direction while applying an axial force of a sufficient magnitude onto the component to produce insertion thereof by plasticizing the material through friction. The shoulder portion is provided with a deburring device capable of being displaced from an inoperative position upon rotation of the tool body in the first rotation direction, to an operative position whenever the tool body is caused to rotate in an opposite direction, to provide deburring of the workpiece surface.

Abstract: The present document describes a process and a bioreactor for reducing a bisphenol compound content of a wastewater using a membrane bioreactor containing a biomass in a volatile suspended solid (VSS) form where the biomass in the membrane bioreactor is operating continuously to reduce bisphenol compound content when the bisphenol compound volumetric load is below 108 g m?3 d?1.

Abstract: A camera calibrating apparatus uses a calibration target in combination with a laser source generating a laser beam defining a calibration plane and intersecting the camera field of view to define an object imaging area. The calibration target includes a frame defining a coplanar arrangement of more than five reference points having known position coordinates within an object reference system. The frame is disposed in a camera calibration position wherein the coplanar arrangement of reference points is substantially parallel to the calibration plane. The target includes an arrangement of light reflecting members protruding from the arrangement of reference points in a direction substantially perpendicular thereto so as to extend within the object imaging area, to allow the camera to capture an image formed by illuminated portions of the light reflecting members.

Abstract: A method and system for stabilizing dry-based density of wood chips from several sources feeding a chip processing stage upstream of a chip refining process, perform on-line estimation of a set of wood chip properties characterizing the wood chips, including light reflection-related property, moisture content and dry-based density, which are used by a reference model capable of comparing the estimated dry-based density with a predetermined target to produce error data, and selectively modifying discharge rate set points of one or more of the wood chip sources to minimize the error data within fluctuation limits around the target. The discharge rate of the wood chip sources is controlled in accordance with the set points to substantially stabilize the dry-based density of the wood chips.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for measuring size distribution of bulk matter consisted of randomly orientated granules, such as wood chips, make use of scanning the exposed surface of the granular matter to generate three-dimensional profile image data defined with respect to a three-coordinate reference system, The image data is segmented to reveal regions associated with distinct granules, and values of the size-related parameter for the revealed regions are estimated. Then, a geometric correction to each ones of estimated size-related parameter values is applied, to compensate for the random orientation of corresponding distinct granules. Finally, the size distribution of bulk matter is statistically estimated from the corrected size-related parameter values.

Abstract: A method and system for monitoring the quality of log cutting either off-line or in real-time is based on optical measurement of half-squared or full-squared cants characteristics as produced at primary or secondary cutting stage, so as to increase the proportion of high-value wood pieces that can be recovered from full squared-cants produced at the sawing stage. The log is fed lengthwise to a primary cutting station (canter) capable of producing the first pair of opposing cut faces, while guiding the log substantially in a direction of the machine axis. The profile of the peripheral log surface at a plurality of cross-sections along the machine axis is measured to generate corresponding post-cut profile data, from which an estimation of log raw profile characteristics is made, to generate corresponding raw profile data. Then, from post-cut and raw profile data, resulting data on at least one parameter related to the cutting quality of the log.

Abstract: A method for estimating surface moisture content of wood chips for use in a pulp and paper production process comprises measuring chip surface moisture using an infrared surface moisture sensor, and adjusting a calibration of the surface moisture measured with a model using values of a set of optical parameters representing light reflection characteristics of the wood chips, to estimate their surface moisture content.

Abstract: A method for assembling output data generated by at least one sensor unit having a local clock and linked to a data communication network with corresponding data representing sensed location on an article moving at a known speed or position/time profile along a travel path intersecting a sensing field associated with the sensor unit, makes use of reference time data that is compared with local time data generated by the local clock when the reference time data is received, causing a local clock update. Then, the sensor output data is assembled with the corresponding sensed location data according to an associated updated time data.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for scanning a surface of an article moving along a travel path axis provide a compact sensor configuration. A first sensor unit has a first sensing field transversely directed toward the travel path axis and defining a first scanning zone. A second sensor unit has a second sensing field transversely directed toward the travel path axis and defining a second scanning zone. The first and second sensing fields are crossing one with another at a location sufficiently remote from the first and second scanning zones so as to not adversely affect the generation of sensor output data, while providing a compact arrangement of sensor units.

Abstract: A system and method for optimizing a process for refining lignocellulosic granular matter such as wood chips use a predictive model including a simulation model based on relations involving a plurality of matter properties characterizing the matter such as moisture content, density, light reflection or granular matter size, refining process operating parameters such as transfer screw speed, dilution flow, hydraulic pressure, plate gaps, or retention delays, at least one output controlled to a target such as primary motor load or pulp freeness, and at least one uncontrolled output such as specific energy consumption, energy split, long fibers, fines and shives. An adaptor is fed with measured values of matter properties and measured values of controlled and uncontrolled outputs, to adapt the simulation model accordingly. An optimizer generates a value of the target according to a predetermined condition on a predicted uncontrolled output parameter and to one or more process constraints.

Abstract: A camera calibrating apparatus uses a calibration target in combination with a laser source generating a laser beam defining a calibration plane and intersecting the camera field of view to define an object imaging area. The calibration target includes a frame defining a coplanar arrangement of more than five reference points having known position coordinates within an object reference system. The frame is disposed in a camera calibration position wherein the coplanar arrangement of reference points is substantially parallel to the calibration plane. The target includes an arrangement of light reflecting members protruding from the arrangement of reference points in a direction substantially perpendicular thereto so as to extend within the object imaging area, to allow the camera to capture an image formed by illuminated portions of the light reflecting members.

Abstract: A camera calibrating apparatus uses a calibration target in combination with a laser source generating a laser beam defining a calibration plane and intersecting the camera field of view to define an object imaging area. The calibration target includes a frame defining a coplanar arrangement of reference points having known position coordinates within an object reference system. The frame is disposed in a camera calibration position wherein the coplanar arrangement of reference points is substantially parallel to the calibration plane. The target includes an arrangement of light reflecting members protruding from the arrangement of reference points in a direction substantially perpendicular thereto, each said member having a light reflecting surface substantially parallel to said direction so as to extend within the object imaging area, to allow the camera to capture an image formed by illuminated portions of the light reflecting members.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for estimating surface moisture content of wood chips employing a surface moisture measurement obtained from a non-contact surface moisture sensor, which measurement is calibrated with values of a set of optical parameters, such as HSL color camera signals, representing light reflection characteristics of the wood chips in order to estimate the surface moisture content thereof.

Abstract: An apparatus for testing stiffness characteristics such as modulus of elasticity E of an article such as a piece of lumber moving in a conveying direction transverse to the testing axis, comprises a bearing unit capable of contacting the piece of lumber at two spaced apart portions thereof. There is provided a first deflecting unit including a first working element being normally disposed in a first static position relative to the conveying path for applying a first thrust against a loaded area on the article at an intermediary portion thereof located between the spaced apart portions, to produce an article deflection of a first magnitude. Each working element defines a loading surface extending substantially parallel to the article-conveying path.

Abstract: An apparatus for estimating the quantity of particles collected by a suction extractor includes a capturing element handling assembly including a pair of stationary plates disposed in a spaced relationship to define a gap therebetween, the stationary elements being provided with sets of main apertures disposed in alignment with each other to define a corresponding set of channels extending through the gap. A movable disk interposed within the gap is provided with a plurality of holders capable of receiving a plurality of filter-type particle capturing elements. An actuator operatively coupled to the movable disk provides controlled movement thereof relative to the stationary plates. One of the main apertures on the first stationary plate defines a first inlet in fluid communication with an output fluid carrying line, while one aligned aperture on the second stationary plate defines a first outlet for fluid communication with the output fluid carrying line.

Abstract: Methods for determining a vibratory excitation spectrum are tailored to physical characteristics of a structure having critical elements located thereon to be subjected to vibration testing, such as a PCB to which connectors, resistors, capacitors, inductances, Integrated Circuits (IC) or Ball Grid Array components (BGA) are mounted. The physical characteristics includes a frequency response function corresponding to a testing environment temperature and defined in term of power spectral density amplitude over a global excitation frequency range for the vibratory excitation spectrum and characterized by a plurality of power spectral density amplitude peaks corresponding to a plurality of natural resonance frequencies, each being associated with respective mode shape and damping factor.

Abstract: A modal analysis method and apparatus for acoustically determining vibration characteristics of a structure uses a MISO model. An acoustic excitation signal toward spatially distributed locations associated with the structure is generated while the latter is held vibrated, one location being chosen as reference. Complementary sets of input acoustic pressure-related signals are produced, one being a reference signal. Fourier analysis is performed on the input signals to provide correlated input acoustic pressure-related data in frequency domain including reference data. Induced output vibration is sensed at a reference point on the structure corresponding to the reference to produce complementary sets of output vibration signals, which are converted through Fourier analysis into sets of output vibration data in frequency domain. Structural transfer functions characterizing each set of input acoustic pressure-related data are obtained from which vibratory characteristics of the structure are derived.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for detecting twist in an articles such as pieces of lumber being carried on a high-speed longitudinally moving conveyer use a non-contact scanning technique according to which a pair of transverse scan line beams is directed onto a surface of the article in spaced relationship in the conveying direction, and successive scans of corresponding simultaneously scanned pairs of spaced transverse areas on the article are repeatedly performed while the article is conveyed, to generate profile data characterizing position of each transverse area in a reference system. The profile data characterizing the respective position of both transverse areas is compared with one another to generate partial twist indicative data associated with each scan, followed by a summation of the partial twist indicative data associated with all scans to obtain an indication of the twist in the considered portion of the article.