Abstract: A method for preparing a binder composition containing water, plant fibers and mineral fillers, wherein the method comprises: preparing a suspension of plant fibers and mineral fillers in water, the weight ratio between the plant fibers and the mineral fillers being comprised between 99/1 and 2/98, refining this suspension, and obtaining a binder composition wherein the refined fibers have a mean size of between 10 and 700 ?m, and wherein the refined fibers, at least partially, embed the refined mineral fillers, wherein refining is carried out in the absence of any grinding medium made of ceramic or metal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for bleaching an unbleached or pre-bleached paper pulp comprising at least the following consecutive steps: a) preparing an unbleached or pre-bleached paper pulp having a pH of at least 8, b) bringing the paper pulp obtained at the end of step a) into contact with chlorine dioxide, c) when the pH of the paper pulp obtained from step b) is lower than 10, adding at least one Brønsted base to the paper pulp, d) adding hydrogen peroxide to the paper pulp obtained at the end of step c), e) maintaining the paper pulp obtained at the end of step d) in a first bleaching tower, f) optionally, adding sulphuric acid to the paper pulp obtained at the end of step e) and maintaining the obtained paper pulp in a second bleaching tower, the method dispensing with the need for a step of washing the paper pulp before the end of step e), and, if applicable, before the end of step f).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a binder composition containing water, plant fibers and mineral fillers, the weight ratio between the plant fibers and the mineral fillers being comprised between 99/1 and 2/98, the plant fibers and the mineral fillers having been refined simultaneously, wherein the refined fibers have a mean size of between 10 and 700 ?m, and wherein the refined fibers at least partially embed the refined mineral fillers.

Abstract: The invention relates to a glazing including a glass sheet, one surface of which is covered with a conductive layer. Said glass sheet comprises, at a nonzero distance from the conductive layer, a periodic pattern of conductive elements that is suitable for increasing, for a predetermined frequency, the transmission of radiofrequency electromagnetic waves. Said periodic pattern is selected so as to have a transmission zero at a frequency of between substantially half and substantially double the frequency to be amplified.

Abstract: The invention relates to a glazing including a glass sheet, one surface of which is covered with a conductive layer. Said glass sheet comprises, at a nonzero distance from the conductive layer, a periodic pattern of conductive elements that is suitable for increasing, for a predetermined frequency, the transmission of radiofrequency electromagnetic waves. Said periodic pattern is selected so as to have a transmission zero at a frequency of between substantially half and substantially double the frequency to be amplified.

Abstract: Using the sympathetic printed-matter according to the present invention, a hidden content can be visualized just by wetting. Therefore, it is possible to remove necessities of the sympathetic ink and a special material such as reagent or equipment for visualizing hidden contents. In addition, since the hidden contents disappear by removing water from the sympathetic printed-matter, the sympathetic printed-matter can be used repeatedly. Using the reading confirmation portion, whether or not the sympathetic printed-matter has been read by any other person can be easily determined. In the sympathetic printing method according to the present invention, a hydrophobic substrate can be formed using an existing gas grafting facility, and an ester hydrolase composition and the reading confirmation portion can be formed using an existing printing method. Therefore, a large amount of sympathetic printed-matters can be produced inexpensively and efficiently.

Abstract: The invention relates to a surface suitable for filtering a plurality of frequency bands, said surface including a set of separate identical basic conductive units (31) that are reproduced in a periodic arrangement on a dielectric substrate (10). The basic unit includes: a tripole consisting of three identical segments (12) that extend radially from a center (14); and two arms (32) that extend symmetrically from an intermediate point of each segment, said intermediate point being located at a common distance (Db) from the center (14) for each of the segments (12). The general directions of both arms form an angle of approximately 120° and define an arrowhead pointed toward the outside, wherein the arms (32) corresponding to two separate segments (12) do not intersect.

Abstract: A method of producing hardwood pulp is provided. This method comprises treating hardwood chips with one or more than one Family 11 xylanase enzyme in the absence of adding an oxidizing enzyme for about 5 minutes to about 120 minutes, to produce a treated chip mixture. The treated chip mixture is then mechanically refined to produce the hardwood pulp.

Abstract: A process and device for continuously measuring the quantity of particles spended in a liquid, which exist in at least two different physical states, such as detached or attached within the paper pulp. A separation assembly separates the particles into divisions depending on their size, and the separation assembly is continuously fed with liquid via an input pipe. A measuring and processing assembly has two channels or ducts coming from the separation assembly and are provided with translucent windows. A measurement and capture unit illuminates the windows, and at least two cameras located opposite each of the respective windows are synchronized with the illumination unit to capture, at regular intervals, an image of the windows. A system for digitizing the captured images and processing them to determine the quantity of particles for each physical states is forwarded to an output unit in a digital or analog form.

Abstract: Apparatus for measuring the relief profile of a score line mode in a subste such as a paper board. A hand-held measuring head containing a light source illuminates the score line and the back-scattered light reflected therefrom is recorded by a CCD imager. The digital output of the imager is sent to a processor to determine one or more physical characteristics of the score line.

Abstract: A two phase method for deinking printed waste paper having a mixture of printing inks is shown. The first phase is carried out in a neutral or slightly acid medium and the second phase in an alkaline medium. The first phase has disintegration, ink removal, and thickening steps. The second phase includes mixing and treating the thickened output from phase one with alkaline reagents, removal of any residual ink, and a second thickening. A third treatment of the removed ink and recycling of the media is also indicated.

Abstract: A device for separating particles in a liquid in which a paper suspension to be cleaned and supplied to a chamber of revolution (1) rotating about an axis (2). Movable deviators (7, 8) precede the fixed outlets (9, 10) to intercept most of the through-put of the suspension in the region of the periphery of the chamber (1), then deviate it towards the longitudinal axis of rotation (2) so as to recover most of the kinetic energy of rotation. The outlets (7, 8, 9, 10) are situated at the opposite end to that of chamber (1) from the supply (5, 6) and are arranged at the periphery of this chamber (1). A diabolo-shaped central body of revolution (11) is arranged inside the chamber, along the longitudinal axis of rotation (2) for rotation about its axis and with a radial run-off (12) in the vicinity of its smallest cross-section connected to an axial outlet duct (13).

Abstract: A device for the continuous determination of a surface state index for a ing sheet, creped in the form of undulations, comprising a light source, a first optical system, a cell intended to receive the back-scattered beam and a system for processing the beam, wherein: the light source is a laser source; the first optical system is an astigmatic system, intended to adapt the size of the laser beam at the point where it meets the sheet to the average pitch of the said undulations in the moving creped sheet; the cell is an optoelectronic cell whose sensitive surface receives at least part of the back-scattered light, concentrated by a second convergent optical system; and the processing system comprises a means for determining a surface state index for the sheet from the electrical signals.

Abstract: Process for improving the quality of deinked papermaking pulps obtained by ecycling waste printed papers, in which:the papers are converted into a slush pulp (1),most of the ink (12) is removed (11) from this slush pulp, especially by selective primary flotation of the ink, andthe deinked pulp is washed (5) to remove the residual ink before being conveyed into the circuit (14) for utilization of the pulp,wherein the waters (24) from this washing (5) are first of all subjected to a selective secondary flotation (16) to remove (17) only the residual ink therefrom, the suspension of the remaining matter (fibers and fillers) (18-23) being subsequently mixed with the pulp (15) originating from the washing (5).The invention also relates to a plant for making use of this process.

Abstract: Device for detecting insipient cracks or tears on the edges (4) of a moving heet (5), of the type comprising:a light source (6),and a receiving cell for picking up the light transmitted by the source (6) through the sheet (5) moving between the source (6) and the cell,characterized in that:on the one hand, the light source (6) is a laser source;and on the other hand, the receiving cell (17) is an optoelectronic cell placed in such a way that the solid angle under which the serviceable surface of said cell (17) or of its image by an optical system, can be seen from the sheet, is less than 0.01 steradian.

Abstract: Plural independent delay lines are connected in parallel and receive a first signal taken from a first point. Samples of the first signal are taken at different sampling frequencies and are respectively stored in the several delay lines. Samples of a second signal are taken from a second point and are stored in a direct line at one of the frequencies. The correlation function between the samples of the direct line and the samples of one of the delay lines is calculated. Exemplary applications include measuring the speed of a linearly translating object, such as a web of paper.

Abstract: This invention relates to an apparatus for continuously measuring the state of formation of a sheet of paper which comprises: --means for moving a sheet of paper at a predetermined speed; --a light source directing a laser beam through said sheet; --a means for picking up the laser light transmitted, then for converting it into an electrical signal; --electronic processing means for separating this electrical signal into two components; --means for calculating from these components the index I representative of the state of formation; --a means for displaying the value of this index I; wherein the laser beam is polarized, and the apparatus further comprises, between the sheet and the means for picking up the laser light transmitted, a polarizer of which the axis of polarization is perpendicular to the axis of polarization of the laser beam transmitted.

Abstract: A process for fractionating a suspension of solid particles in a liquid, of he type wherein said suspension is made to pass through a filtering screen, characterized in that said suspension is directed in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of an elastically deforming, flexible, perforated sleeve forming a filtering screen, and in that a sequence of high and low pressures is continuously created within this sleeve and travels at least predominantly opposite the direction of the suspension flow. The invention also applies to equipment.

Abstract: A process for fractionating a suspension of solid particles in a liquid, of he type wherein said suspension is made to pass through a filtering screen, characterized in that said suspension is directed in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of an elastically deforming, flexible, perforated sleeve forming a filtering screen, and in that a sequence of high and low pressure is continuously created within this sleeve and travels at least predominantly opposite the direction of the suspension flow. The invention also applies to equipment.

Abstract: A system for the control of a paper machine headbox having sensors for the measurement of the parameters of the process and actuators of the members of the process, functionally connecting at least most of the sensors to an at least equal number of actuators via a multivariable centralized control member which makes it possible to control each actuator by the taking into account and processing of the measurement information of one or more sensors, and causing the measurement information to act on each of the sensors functionally connected to the actuators on one or more members to obtain a resultant action in which only the parameter measured by this sensor is influenced while the secondary repercussions on the outer parameters are eliminated. Another characteristic, the invention permits rapid intervention taking into account the information on the substance flow rate at the headbox, eliminating the usual disturbing influences due to the hydraulic values of the process.