Abstract: A ceramic composed of 1 to 15 percent of glass and 99 to 85 percent of a mixture of particulates is disclosed. The glass, present as a vitreous phase bonding the particulates into a dense, gas impervious structure, contains 45 to 80 percent of SiO.sub.2, 8 to 65 percent of CaO and MgO and not more than 15 percent of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3. The particulates, which are finer than 15 microns in ultimate particle size, include Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and at least one of ZrO.sub.2, HfO.sub.2 and solid solutions of the two. The ceramics are subject to microcracking, which can be cured by refiring, or prevented by including particulate Y.sub.2 O.sub.3 as a stabilizer.

Abstract: A method for producing a composite spark plug electrode is disclosed. The method comprises forming a first metal into a cup having an open end, a closed end and a wall surrounding a central opening which extends a distance z from the closed end to the open end. The method also comprises forming, from a second and different metal, a right circular cylindrical core sized to be received in the central opening in close fitting relationship with the wall therearound, and extending from the closed end toward the open end a distance less than z, and positioning the core in the central opening, thereby forming a composite billet having first and second ends corresponding, respectively, with the open and closed ends of the cup. Finally, a portion of the composite billet is extruded, second end first, through an extrusion orifice of a die with a force applied to the first end of the composite billet by an end of a tool.

Abstract: A method for sensing when the quantity of oil in the crankcase of a reciprocating piston engine is inadequate for proper lubrication while the engine is operating. During engine operation, the crankcase gas pressure cycles between positive and negative values as the piston reciprocates. Positive crankcase gas pressures are vented through a check valve. The resulting cyclic vacuum in the crankcase has a peak and average magnitude which is a function of the quantity of oil in the crankcase. For a constant speed and substantially constant load engine, the crankcase vacuum can be used to indicate the approximate quantity of oil in the crankcase. For constant or variable speed and load engines, a drop in the crankcase vacuum below a predetermined level can be used to automatically stop the engine prior to damage by inadequate lubrication.

Abstract: A housing for a coating applicator having a pair of mating housing members which define a chamber for a portion of a coating applicator and which are supported and retained by a front and rear bulkhead, the rear bulkhead having a spring means urging at least one of the housing members against the front bulkhead.

Abstract: A carbon resistor and a method for producing the resistor are disclosed. The method preferably comprises the steps of preparing a uniform, finely-divided mixture by blending a glass frit with at least one temporary binder and substantially 1/4 to 4 percent of conductive carbon, pressing a longitudinally extending shape having opposed ends from the mixture, heating the shape to 450-550 degrees F. for about 30 minutes and cooling to ambient temperature, applying a silver paint containing a lead borosilicate frit composition to the cooled shape to provide electrical contacts, and firing the shape and contacts to vitrify the frit of the resistor. A preferred lead borosilicate frit composition, by weight, consists essentially of from 5 to 15 percent of AlPO.sub.4, from 1/4 to 3 percent of conductive carbon, from 15 to 30 percent of a phenyl lower alkyl silicone resin and from 65 to 80 percent of a lead borosilicate glass frit which consists essentially of substantially 20 percent SiO.sub.2, 15 percent B.sub.2 O.

Abstract: The present invention provides for an improved diaphragm pump having two material pumping chambers. The material pumping chambers are operated by two working fluid chambers which are separated from the material pumping chambers by two diaphragms. The diaphragms are interconnected to provide that the two material pumping chambers alternatively receive and discharge the material to be pumped. A control valve controls the stroke reversal of the improved diaphragm pump. The control valve is actuated by the pressurized working fluid which is being discharged from a pressurized fluid chamber. Further valving provides for a portion of the pressurized working fluid being discharged from a pressurized fluid chamber to be reused and introduced into the exhausted fluid chamber to initiate expansion of the exhausted fluid chamber. The pre-pressurization of the exhausted fluid chamber reduces the amount of source air required at the beginning of the stroke.

Abstract: An alloy useful for producing massive spark plug center electrodes is disclosed. The alloy consists essentially of from 0.9 to 1.5 percent of ruthenium, from 0.9 to 1.5 percent of manganese, and from 97 to 98.2 percent of nickel. Preferably, the alloy additionally contains 1 percent of silicon. The optimum alloy consists essentially of substantially 1 percent of each of Ru, Mn, and Si, balance Ni.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a gun for supplying a compressed fluid having a housing defining a passageway for supplying the compressible fluid. A valve is moveably positioned with respect to the passageway for controlling the supply of the compressible fluid. The valve defines an aperture and the valve is moveable with respect to the passageway to vary the position of the aperture with respect to the passageway to control the supply of the compressible fluid. A discharge end is located on one end of the passageway. The discharge end is adapted to receive discharge nozzles for the gun whereby the compressible fluid acts as a driving fluid for different driven fluids or solids. There is also provided a number of attachments which can be utilized with the gun of the present invention.

Abstract: A spark plug having an internal resistor and resistor-bore seal is disclosed. The spark plug comprises a shell, an insulator assembly carried by the shell and a ground electrode structurally integral with the shell. The insulator assembly comprises an insulator having a firing end and a terminal end, and a bore extending therethrough, and a center electrode within the bore of the insulator, and having a firing end firing in spark gap relationship with the ground electrode. The assembly also comprises a resistor positioned within the bore of the insulator and in electrical contact with the center electrode. The longitudinal position of the resistor in the bore of the insulator is radially inward of the shell. The assembly also includes an electrically nonconductive and substantially gas-impervious seal compacted between the walls of the bore of the insulator and longitudinally extending walls of the resistor. The electrically non-conductive material can be covered by an electrically conductive cup.

Abstract: An improved method for producing a reinforced hose. A tubular core is extruded and then heated in a microwave oven to at least partially cure the core. While the core is still hot, a powdered hot-melt adhesive is electrostatically coated onto the core and forms a fusion bond with the core. The coated core is cooled, a reinforcement is applied to the core, an optional outer coating is applied and then the composite is heated to finish curing of the hose and to melt the adhesive to bond the reinforcement to the core.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to a paint spray attachment for a compressed fluid gun. The paint spray attachment includes an adapter. One end of the adapter is positioned on the discharge end of the gun and the other end of the adapter defines a discharge opening. A passageway is positioned in the adapter and the passageway is in communication with the aperture in the wall of the adapter. The passageway terminates at the discharge aperture. A chamber is defined in the adapter around the passageway. An air cap is positioned on the end of the adapter. At least one fluid aperture is disposed in the air cap adjacent the discharge aperture in the passageway. The fluid aperture and the chamber are in communication. A cup is positioned in a spaced apart relationship to the aperture in the wall of the adapter. A bracket is provided for attaching the cup to the handle of the spray gun wherein the bracket is removably positioned in the handle cavity of the gun.

Abstract: A lead-free green ceramic body useful after firing as an electrical resistor, and a method for producing such a resistor, are disclosed. The method preferably comprises the steps of preparing a uniform, finely-divided mixture by blending, by weight, substantially 69 percent of a glass frit with substantially 8 percent of AlPO.sub.4, substantially 3 percent of conductive carbon and substantially 20 percent of a phenyl lower alkyl silicone resin which is curable to form a temporary binder for the conductive carbon and the glass frit. One preferred frit consists essentially of substantially 43 percent SiO.sub.2, 20 percent B.sub.2 O.sub.3, 21 percent Na.sub.2 O, 3 percent CaO, 8 percent BaO and 5 percent Li.sub.2 O. A shape is then pressed from the mixture; the shape is heated to 450-550 degrees F. for about 30 minutes and cooled to ambient temperature. Silver paint is then applied to the cooled shape and the painted shape is fired to vitrify the frit of the resistor.

Abstract: An improved rotary atomizer bell is disclosed for use in an electrostatic rotary atomizer liquid paint applicator. The bell has a paint discharge edge at a front end and has a predetermined wall thickness at the front end. In one embodiment, a radius of from 0.040 inch up to the front end wall thickness is provided between an exterior surface and a flat front end surface. In a modified embodiment, the front end surface on the bell lies on a right conical surface of revolution having an apex located on the axis of revolution of the bell and spaced outwardly from the bell and having a base angle of between about 7.degree. to 20.degree..

Abstract: This invention is a seal assembly for sealing fluid needles, spindles and other movable cylindrical objects where a fluid tight seal is needed between the fluid and non-fluid sides of the movable cylindrical object. The seal includes a packing member with a sharply cut-off tubular end and a stop member with a conical recess, both of which encircle the movable cylindrical object. An unrestrained flow cavity is defined by the packing member and the stop member. Positioned behind the packing member are a spring and washer which axially bias the packing member into the conical recess.

Abstract: An improved method for producing a ceramic resistor is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of charging ceramic batch into a longitudinally extending die, pressing the batch in the die between opposing plungers, removing one plunger from the die, ejecting the blank by moving the other plunger relative to the blank and firing the blank. The improvement constitutes imparting rotational motion to the removable plunger as applied pressure thereon is being released to remove the plunger from the die, whereby the surface of the plunger in contact with the blank separates therefrom without sticking.

Abstract: An improved control circuit for protecting a high voltage DC electrostatic system from arcing by removing the high voltage from the electrostatic system under incipient arcing conditions. A signal having a voltage proportional to the instantaneous high voltage current in the electrostatic system is established. DC components and unwanted noise and unwanted AC components are removed from the signal to leave only signal components relating to the rate of change of the current in the high voltage system and information indicative of incipient arcing conditions. When the remaining signal exceeds a predetermined reference level, high voltage is removed from the electrostatic system.