Abstract: High activity slurry catalysts for hydroprocessing heavy hydrocarbon oils are produced from Group VIB metal compounds by sulfiding an aqueous mixture of the metal compound with from greater than about 8 to about 14 SCF of hydrogen sulfide per pound of Group VIB metal.

Abstract: We disclose a process for removing calcium from a hydrocarbon feed having at least 1 ppm oil-soluble calcium. It comprises employing a catalyst layer characterized as a fixed bed of catalyst particles, a high volume percent of their pore volume in the form of macropores above 1000 Angstrom in diameter, or an average mesopore diameter of 100-800 .ANG., low surface area, and low hydrogenation activity, and the inclusion of Group I metals, in particular potassium, on the catalyst base.

Abstract: A borehole televiewer is modified to provide an improved signal-to-noise ratio by utilizing a series of receivers arranged in a planar array configuration with respect to a centrally located transmitting transducer. The array covers at least a 90.degree. quadrant of the tool, extending approximately 45.degree. on either side of the transducer to allow the receivers to capture all primarily reflected signals, both the specular component as well as the vertical and horizontal components of the scattered reflections. The signal-to-noise ratio is further enhanced by the use of a noise-dependent timing means, as well as signal conditioning and detection circuits for each of the receivers in the array.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a dispersed Group VI-B metal sulfide hydrocarbon oil hydroprocessing catalyst comprising reacting aqueous ammonia and a Group VI-B metal compound, such as molybdenum oxide or tungsten oxide, to form water soluble compounds such as aqueous ammonium molybdates or tungstates. The aqueous ammonium molybdates or tungstates are sulfided at a relatively low temperature with hydrogen sulfide without feed oil, and wherein the mole ratio of the sulfiding agent to metal salts is greater than 2, to produce molybdenum or tungsten sulfide catalysts of high hydroprocessing activity. The catalyst slurry and feed oil can then be passed to a hydroprocessing reactor or can be further sulfided in additional steps of increasing temperature.

Abstract: Borated alkyl catechols having a 3:2 mole ratio of alkyl catechol to boron can be stabilized by the addition of certain defined trialkylamines.Lubricating oils containing a 3:2 borated alkyl catechol-trialkylamine complex are effective in reducing oxidation, wear and deposits in an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: Lubricating oils containing a borated alkyl catechol-dialkylamine complex are effective in reducing oxidation, wear and deposits in an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: Borated alkyl catechols can be stabilized by the addition of certain defined monoalkylamines.Lubricating oils containing a borated alkyl catechol-monoalkylamine complex are effective in reducing oxidation, wear and deposits in an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for determining a component of the response of a reservoir to tidal forces (such as the amplitude of variation or delay time) in a hydrocarbons reservoir. That method comprises measuring a variable responsive to tidal forces within the reservoir over a measurement time period, determining a theoretical earth-tide for the reservoir over that measurement time period, and determining the component of the response to tidal forces by comparing the variable measurements and the theoretical earth-tide determinations. Examples of variables that are responsive to the tidal forces are fluid level in a borehole, pressure, and borehole stress. The measurement time period should be sufficiently long so that both a maximum and a minimum variable measurement are achieved during that time period (e.g., fourteen or twenty-four hours).

Abstract: A method is disclosed for preparing a silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieve, characterized in that the P.sub.2 O.sub.5 to alumina mole ratio at the surface is about 0.85 or less, the P.sub.2 O.sub.5 to aluminia mole ratio of the bulk is 0.94 or greater and the silicon content at the surface is greater than that of the bulk, from a reaction mixture containing particles less than 80 microns in diameter.

Abstract: A process for regenerating a coke contaminated reforming catalyst comprising platinum on a molecular sieve, said process consisting essentially of contacting said catalyst with a halogen-free oxygen-containing gas at a temperature of less than 780.degree. F. for a sufficient period of time such that the aromatization activity is restored to within 20.degree. F. of the activity said catalyst possessed at the start of the previous run cycle.

Abstract: The present invention is a process for regenerating a large-pore zeolitic catalyst that has been deactivated by the formation of Group VIII metal agglomerates on the catalyst surface. In the process, the Group VIII metal agglomerates are redispersed to produce agglomerates of small size. It comprises an oxychlorination step, a nitrogen purge step and a reduction step.

Abstract: A process for the alkylation of an aromatic hydrocarbon which comprises contacting the aromatic hydrocarbon with a C.sub.2 to C.sub.4 olefin alkylating agent under at least partial liquid phase conditions, and in the presence of a catalyst comprising zeolite SSZ-25. The invention also provides a process for producing a reduced benzene content gasoline blend stock. A benzene-containing light hydrocarbon stream having less than 50 weight present benzene is contacted with a C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 olefin stream in an alkylation zone containing an SSZ-25 catalyst under alkylation conditions to produce an alkylated light hydrocarbon stream with reduced benzene content. The alkylated light hydrocarbon stream is then usable as gasoline blend stock.

Abstract: Recovery of viscous petroleum such as from tar sands is assisted using a controlled flow of hot fluid and hydrogen-generating gas in a flow path within the formation; thus a solid-wall hollow tubular member in the formation is used for conducting hot fluid to promote hydrogenation in conjunction with a hydrogen-generating gas and reduce viscosity of the petroleum to develop a potential passage in the formation outside the tubular member into which a drive fluid is injected to promote movement of the petroleum to a production position.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is described for determining petrophysical properties of porous media by the use of light transmission through the media. Specifically, by using a highly collimated light source, preferably a laser, the permeability, grain size, wettability, porosity and clay swelling behavior of a sample can be determined on the scale of millimeters. A calibration curve or function is first established to correlate light transmission through a slab of sandstone on the order of 5 to 10 mm under known conditions. This curved is then used to determine unknown conditions by measuring light transmission and comparing the values to those on the curve. Other applications for the phenomenon of light transmission through porous media are disclosed whereby conditions in a flowing stream of liquid can be monitored by use of light transmission. Specifically, changes in the refractive index and immiscible contamination can be detected.

Abstract: A polysiloxane polymer having pendant aromatic groups that is useful in increasing the viscosity of carbon dioxide. That polymer can be formed by reacting a polysiloxane containing at least one olefinic group with a phenyldialkylsilane. That polymer can be used in a method for recovering oil from an underground oil-bearing earth formation penetrated by an injection well and a producing well, in which method carbon dioxide is injected into the formation to displace oil towards the producing well from which oil is produced to the surface. The viscosity of the carbon dioxide injected into the formatin is increased at least three-fold by the presence of a sufficient amount of the polymer and a sufficient amount of a cosolvent to form a solution of the polymer in the carbon dioxide.

Abstract: A catalyst system is disclosed which is capable of removing calcium from a hydrocarbon feed having at least 1 ppm oil-soluble calcium. The catalyst system comprises catalyst particles, wherein such catalyst particles are in the form of mesopores (less than 1000 Angstrom in diameter), low surface area, and low hydrogenation activity, and the inclusion of Group VIII metals, in particular nickel, on a silica catalyst base.

Abstract: A method for geophysical exploration by analyzing shear-wave polarization directions relative to a fixed coordinate frame is disclosed, for either vertical seismic profile data or surface seismic reflection data. Energy in a selected time window of two off-diagonal components is determined, and the source and receiver coordinate frame is then rotated, and energy is again determined. A second rotation of the source and receiver coordinate frame is followed by a third energy determination. A simple trigonometric function equation is generated to fit the determined energy values, and a minimum energy value is determined. The coordinate frame is then rotated by the angle that gives the minimum energy value, so that all of the signal is put on the diagonal components.

Abstract: A catalyst prepared from a ultra-stable Y-type zeolite having a silica/alumina ratio from about 27 to about 33 with the free acid sites passivated using a basic nitrogen-containing compound showing improved selectivity for jet fuel; a process for preparing the catalyst; and a method for producing jet fuel.

Abstract: A buoyed flapper valve comprises a flapper which is capable of closing an exit of a dipleg or standpipe, which is also connected to a counterweight and a float. The float has sufficient buoyancy to as to overcome the weight of the counterweight when the valve is submerged in a bed of particulate material. The flapper valve is preferably employed as a dipleg check valve within a reactor, e.g., a riser reactor system, and can be used under a variety of operating conditions including both submerged and non-submerged operating conditions.

Abstract: A pump shut-down system is disclosed for preventing damage to the pump from bearing failure. That system has a metal bar located within a preset clearance distance from a traveling element of the pump (such as a piston rod), a voltage source in electrical contact with the metal bar, an automatic shut-down relay in electrical contact with the voltage source, and an electrical ground on the pump in electrical contact with the voltage source. The metal bar, voltage source, automatic shut-down relay, and electrical ground all form an electrical circuit. That circuit is open when the metal bar is not in physical contact with the traveling element, and is closed whenever the metal bar is in physical contact with the traveling element. Whenever the circuit is closed, the automatic shut-down relay shuts down the pump.