Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of catalyzing etherification, esterification, hydration, ether cleavage, isomerization alkylation, or other reactions which are catalyzable with an acid or molecular sieve catalyst. Said reactions are conducted using a novel, dual functional catalyst prepared with active components and a small amount of binder, wherein said dual functional catalyst comprises cylindrical pellets which are molded such that a cross-section or each pellet has a window lattice shape with external teeth, or a star shape with inner spokes.

Abstract: A catalyst for hydrodemetalization of heavy oil, especially residuum oil, and a process for preparing the same, wherein said catalyst comprises the metal elements of Groups VIII and/or VIB as active components supported on an alumina carrier having large pores. The total pore volume of said carrier is in the range of 0.80˜1.20 ml/g (by mercury porosimetry method), the specific surface area in the range of 110˜200 m2/g, the peak pore diameter in the range of 15˜20 nm, and the bulk density in the range of 0.50˜0.60 g/ml. In the process of the invention, a physical pore-enlarging agent and a chemical pore-enlarging agent are added simultaneously during the mixing of the pseudoboehmite to a plastic mass, then extruding, drying, calcining, the carrier is obtained, then impregnating with active components by spraying onto the carrier, after drying and calcining, the catalyst is obtained.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a dual functional catalyst having both the catalytic reaction function and fractionation function and a catalytic distillation equipment for packing the catalyst therein. Said catalyst has a special shape and can be packed at random into the reaction section of said equipment. So, there exist adequate free spaces inside pellet and between pellets, enabling the vapor and liquid streams to pass through the catalyst beds directly and countercurrently, and contact with the dual functional catalyst directly. The reaction between the reactants and fractionation of products can be carried out simultaneously. Thus a high reaction efficiency is achieved. No special inner part is needed in the reaction section to pack the catalysts, so the structure of the equipment is simple and easy to operate, and the investment and cost of operation are low.

Abstract: An alkylation catalyst comprises from 50 to 70 wt % of hydrogen type ZSM-SM-11 co-crystaline zeolite containing rare earth element and the rest amount of porous inorganic oxide matrix material. The zeolite has particular chemical composition and X-ray diffraction lines. This catalyst has higher activity, selectivity and stability in alkylation process than that of the prior art. With this catalyst the process for preparing ethyl benzene by alkylation of benzene with ethylene has higher ethylene conversion and ethyl benzene selectivity.

Abstract: This invention provides a novel dry chemical process for removing by carbonylation the metals harmful to the catalyst activity from the catalyst for the residuum and/or heavy oil catalytic cracking, comprising: contacting the catalyst contaminated by the poisonous metals with an activation gas and a reduction gas in a reactor for activation and reduction; and then in a carbonylation reactor, contacting the catalyst treated by activating and reducing with CO gas to make the metals on the catalyst carbonylated to form gaseous metal carbonyls which are then transferred and separated from the solid catalyst, thereby the catalyst activity is restored. The process of this invention is simple in the technology, moderate in the operation conditions, and it will not cause secondary pollution to environment for there is no addition and discharge of any liquid.

Abstract: An amorphous alloy catalyst containing nickel and phosphorus comprising a porous carrier, a Ni--P amorphous alloy supported on the carrier, and a pre-supported catalytic component for inducing and catalyzing the formation of the Ni--P amorphous alloy onto the carrier. In a preferred embodiment, the catalyst contains 0.15-30 wt % of Ni, based on the total weight of the catalyst, 0.03-10 wt % of P, based on the total weight of the catalyst, 0.01-3.5 wt % of B, based on the total weight of the catalyst. The nickel exists in the form of Ni--P or Ni--B amorphous alloy, the atomic ration Ni/P in the Ni--P amorphous alloy is in range of 0.5-10, the atomic ratio Ni/B in the Ni--B amorphous alloy is in range of 0.5-10. The catalyst may further comprise from 0.01 to 20 wt % of a metal additive (M), based on the total weight of the catalyst. The metal additive (M) refers to one or more metal elements, except Ni, which can be reduced from the corresponding salt into its elemental form.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an amorphous alloy catalyst containing boron, which is composed of a porous carrier, a Q-B amorphous alloy, and a metal additive (M), the content of Q-B amorphous alloy together with metal additive is from 0.1 to 60 wt %, based on the total weight of the catalyst, in which the atomic ratio (Q+M)/B is 0.5-10, and the Q/M atomic ratio is 0.1-1000; wherein Q represents an metal selected from group VIII and B represents boron; and said metal additive (M) refers to those one or more metal elements which can be reduced to its/their elemental states from the corresponding salts by a solution containing BH.sub.4.sup.- with the exception that M is not the one which is used as Q. Said catalyst exhibits high catalytic hydrogenation activity.

Abstract: An improved condensating-fractionating tower system used in the separation of gaseous mixture, comprising a dephlegmator, a column section and a tower bottom, the said dephlegmator being provided in the upper portion of the tower, is characterized in that the dephlegmator is a plate-fin dephlegmator.

Abstract: This invention discloses a dispersing-type catalyst for catalytic hydrocring of heavy oil and residuum, the preparation method thereof and a suspension bed hydrocracking process for hydrocracking of heavy oil and residuum using said catalyst. Said catalyst comprises 2 to 15 wt % Mo, 0.1 to 2 wt % Ni and 0.1-3 wt % P. The preparation method comprises dissolving oxides or salts of metals such as Mo, Ni in water. The process comprises mixing the heavy oil and residuum feedstock with the catalyst, heating the mixture and introducing the mixture into a suspension bed reactor, performing the hydrocracking reaction at 380-460.degree. C. under 10-15 MPa of hydrogen pressure, in which the catalyst is added in an amount to provide 150-150O ppm active metals. The yield of light oil according to the process is more than 70 wt %, substantially without coking.

Abstract: This invention discloses a dispersing-type catalyst for catalytic hydrocracking of heavy oil and residuum, the preparation method thereof and a suspension bed hydrocracking process for hydrocracking of heavy oil and residuum using said catalyst. Said catalyst comprises 2 to 15 wt % Mo, 0.1 to 2 wt % Ni and 0.1-3 wt % P. The preparation method comprises dissolving oxides or salts of metals such as Mo, Ni in water. The process comprises mixing the heavy oil and residuum feedstock with the catalyst, heating the mixture and introducing the mixture into a suspension bed reactor, performing the hydrocracking reaction at 380-460.degree. C. under 10-15 MPa of hydrogen pressure, in which the catalyst is added in an amount to provide 150-1500 ppm active metals. The yield of light oil according to the process is more than 70 wt %, substantially without coking.

Abstract: A rare earth-containing zeolite with a cocrystalline structure of ZSM-5 and ZSM-11, wherein the weight ratio of the moiety having the crystalline structure of ZSM-5 to the moiety having the crystalline structure of ZSM-11 is 0.1 to 10, which has, in the sodium form, the X-ray diffraction pattern set forth in Table 1, and in its originally synthesized anhydrous state, a chemical formula in terms of mole ratios of oxides as follows: 0.1-1.0 Na.sub.2 O.0.01-1.0 RE.sub.2 O.sub.3.Al.sub.2 O.sub.3.20-300 SiO.sub.2. Said zeolite has good acid hydrothermal stability and resistance against impurity contamination, and is useful as catalyst in various hydrocarbon conversions.

Abstract: A catalyst for ammoxidation of propylene to acrylonitrile, comprisinga) a catalytic composition represented by the following general formula:A.sub.a B.sub.b C.sub.c D.sub.d Na.sub.e Fe.sub.f Bi.sub.g Mo.sub.h O.sub.xwhereinA represents K, Rb, Cs, Tl, or a mixture thereof,B represents Mn, Mg, Sr, Ca, Ba, or a mixture thereof,C represents P, As, B, Sb, Cr, W, V, or a mixture thereof, andD represents one of the following groups:1) Ni alone,2) Co alone,3) Ni and one selected from Li, Pr, Nd, or a mixture thereof,4) Co and one selected from Li, Pr, Nd, or a mixture thereof,5) Ni, Co and one selected from Li, Pr, Nd, or a mixture thereof, anda=0.001.about.2.0,b=0.about.4.5,c=0.01.about.8.0,d=0.01.about.22.0,e=0.01.about.0.7,f=0.01.about.8.0,g=0.01.about.6.0,h=8.about.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for making .alpha.-olefins. In the chain growth reaction step of the process a jet loop reactor is used to fully use high pressure ethylene, and two or more stages of the chain growth reaction is used to raise the selectivity of C.sub.6-10 olefins.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for continuous alkylation of aromatics or their derivatives in the presence of a solid acid catalyst in a liquid-solid circulating fluidized bed system, said system comprising a liquid-solid cocurrent upflow reactor, a sedimentation washing tower for the used catalyst, a liquid-solid cocurrent upflow regenerator, a sedimentation washing tower for the regenerated catalyst, and two vortical liquid-solid separators. By regeneration of the used catalyst, continuous alkylation process is achieved in this system.

Abstract: Disclosed is a hydrogenation demetalization catalyst with a stabilized alkali metal, havinga). an alumina carrier,b). 0.01-10.2% by weight of an alkali metal,c). 0-3.0% by weight of a Group VIB element, andd). 0-3.0% by weight of a Group VIII element of the periodic table of elements,with a pore volume of 0.4-1.3 ml/g, a surface area of 100-230 m.sup.2 /g, comprising a nonmetallic element selected from the group consisting of P, Si, B and F with the atomic ratio of said nonmetallic element to said alkali metal being 0.5-40.0. Also disclosed is a process for preparing the same.

Abstract: An ion exchange resin catalyst containing sulfonated styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer, a porous structure with micropore area and transfer pass networks, the transfer pass network is composed of main pass networks and branch pass networks, in non-swollen state, the pore size of the main pass network is 9.times.10.sup.3 -38.times.10.sup.3 nanometer and the pore size of the branch pass network is 20-150 manometer, the pore size of the micropore area pass is 5-20 nanometer, wherein the pore capacity of the micropore pass with the pore size of 5-10.4 nm is more than 50% of the total pore capacity of the micropore area, and the ratio of the pore capacity of the micropore area to that of the transfer network area is 0.25-1.1. The catalyst is useful to condense phenols with ketones.

Abstract: A reactive stripping process for continuously carrying out chemical reactions while separating the reactants from the reaction products is provided. The process comprises passing liquid reactants and an inert stripping gaseous stream in a reactor column (1) having a plurality of perforated trays (2) provided therein and interconnected by a plurality of downcomers (3), screens (4 and 5) provided on the trays (2) and the top openings of the downcomers (3). The trays (2) and downcomers (3) are associated with the screens (4 and 5) to form a chamber optionally provided with a solid particulate or liquid catalyst (6) therein. A reactive stripping apparatus for performing such a process is also provided. According to the invention, at least one reaction product and the reaction mixture having different boiling points can be separated in order that chemical reactions proceed continuously as desired.

Abstract: A process for producing light olefins, especially ethylene, propylene, isobutylene and isoamylene, together with high octane gasoline as by-product, comprises that petroleum hydrocarbons are contacted with phosphorus and rare earth containing high silica zeolite having a structure of pentasil catalysts and catalytically converted at a temperature of 480.degree. to 680.degree. C. and a pressure of 1.2.times.10.sup.5 to 4.0.times.10.sup.5 Pa, with a contact time of 0.1 to 6 seconds, a weight ratio of catalyst to feedstock of 4:1 to 20:1 and a weight ratio of steam to feedstock of 0.01:1 to 0.5:1.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method, which can be operated continuously and has a wide scope of application, for destructing part of fines in slurry in a crystallizer to obtain large crystals having high purity and large crystal size, characterized in that first and second filters are installed in the crystallizer, a part of slurry containing only fines of size smaller than the fines cut size is drawn from the crystallizer, through the first filter in the crystallizer to a fines destruction loop for destructing the fines and then to the crystallizer through the second filter in the crystallizer by using a circulating pump. The two filters are switched over at regular interval and washed with each other's effluent to ensure the cintinuous operation of the above process.The present invention also provides a method for preparing crystalline bisphenol A/phenol adduct and bisphenol A with high purity and large crystal size.

Abstract: High purity and ultrapure bisphenol A is prepared in a novel process.