Patents Assigned to Chinese University of Hong Kong
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Patent number: 12289037Abstract: A biokinetic energy collection apparatus and a fabrication method thereof are provided. The apparatus includes: a counter weight, configured to oscillate with a movement of a wearer, to convert a mechanical energy generated by the movement into kinetic energy of the counter weight; a rotating frame, mechanically coupled to the counter weight, and configured to receive the kinetic energy from the counter weight; a planetary gear train, mechanically coupled to the rotating frame, to rotate as the rotating frame moves; and a stator assembly and a rotor assembly, coupled to each other, where the stator assembly includes a coil, the rotor assembly includes a rotor and a third permanent magnet located on the rotor, and the rotor is mechanically coupled to the planetary gear train and receives the kinetic energy from the planetary gear train, to cause the third permanent magnet to rotate with the rotor.Type: GrantFiled: September 14, 2022Date of Patent: April 29, 2025Assignee: The Chinese University of Hong KongInventors: Wei-Hsin Liao, Mingjing Cai
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Patent number: 12275995Abstract: The present invention provides methods for assessing the likelihood of effectiveness of aspirin-based chemoprotection against colorectal cancer among individuals as well as methods for improving aspirin-based chemoprotection against colorectal cancer. Kits useful for such methods are also provided.Type: GrantFiled: October 22, 2020Date of Patent: April 15, 2025Assignee: The Chinese University of Hong KongInventors: Francis Ka Leung Chan, Jun Yu
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Patent number: 12254624Abstract: The subject invention pertains to methods and systems for classifying leukocytes using artificial intelligence called AIRFIHA (artificial-intelligence enabled reagent-free imaging hematology analyzer) that can accurately classify subpopulations of leukocytes in a label-free manner. AIRFIHA can not only subtype lymphocytes into B and T cell but is capable of sorting different types of T cells subtypes. AIRFIHA is realized through training a two-step neural network using label-free images of separated leukocytes acquired from a custom-built quantitative phase microscope. Owing to its easy operation, low cost, and strong discerning capability of complex leukocyte subpopulations, AIRFIHA is clinically translatable and can also be deployed in resource-limited settings.Type: GrantFiled: December 9, 2021Date of Patent: March 18, 2025Assignee: The Chinese University of Hong KongInventors: Renjie Zhou, Xin Shu, Rishikesh Pandey
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Publication number: 20250082257Abstract: Predictions of current and/or future neurocognitive decline (NCD) can be based on functional neuroimaging data (e.g., fMRI data) and a machine-learning classifier model. Functional neuroimaging data is obtained while the subject performs a naturalistic language-processing task, such as watching a movie clip, and processed to extract a quantitative feature set. A classifier model is trained using machine learning techniques to predict a subject's NCD status based on the quantitative feature set.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 23, 2024Publication date: March 13, 2025Applicant: The Chinese University of Hong KongInventors: Helen Mei Ling MENG, Patrick Chun Man WONG, Xianmin GONG, Yuejiao WANG, Helene Hoi Lam FUNG, Ka Ho WONG
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Patent number: 12247259Abstract: Size-band analysis is used to determine whether a chromosomal region exhibits a copy number aberration or an epigenetic alteration. Multiple size ranges may be analyzed instead of focusing on specific sizes. By using multiple size ranges instead of specific sizes, methods may analyze more sequence reads and may be able to determine whether a chromosomal region exhibits a copy number aberration even when clinically-relevant DNA may be a low fraction of the biological sample. Using multiple ranges may allow for the use of all sequence reads from a genomic region, rather than a selected subset of reads in the genomic region. The accuracy of analysis may be increased with higher sensitivity at similar or higher specificity. Analysis may include fewer sequencing reads to achieve the same accuracy, resulting in a more efficient process.Type: GrantFiled: November 8, 2021Date of Patent: March 11, 2025Assignees: The Chinese University of Hong Kong, GRAIL, Inc.Inventors: Yuk-Ming Dennis Lo, Rossa Wai Kwun Chiu, Kwan Chee Chan, Peiyong Jiang
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Patent number: 12234515Abstract: Cell-free DNA molecules in a mixture of a biological sample can be analyzed to detect viral DNA. Methylation of viral DNA molecules at one or more sites in the viral genome can be determined. Mixture methylation level(s) can be measured based on one or more amounts of the plurality of cell-free DNA molecules methylated at a set of site(s) of the particular viral genome. The mixture methylation level(s) can be determined in various ways, e.g., as a density of cell-free DNA molecules that are methylated at a site or across multiple sites or regions. The mixture methylation level(s) can be compared to reference methylation level(s), e.g., determined from at least two cohorts of other subjects. The cohorts can have different classifications (including the first condition) associated with the particular viral genome. A first classification of whether the subject has the first condition can be determined based on the comparing.Type: GrantFiled: June 25, 2020Date of Patent: February 25, 2025Assignee: The Chinese University of Hong KongInventors: Yuk-Ming Dennis Lo, Rossa Wai Kwun Chiu, Kwan Chee Chan, Peiyong Jiang, Wai Kei Lam
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Patent number: 12227804Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus are provided for determining whether a nucleic acid sequence imbalance exists within a biological sample. One or more cutoff values for determining an imbalance of, for example, the ratio of the two sequences (or sets of sequences) are chosen. The cutoff value may be determined based at least in part on the percentage of fetal DNA in a sample, such as maternal plasma, containing a background of maternal nucleic acid sequences. The percentage of fetal DNA can be calculated from the same or different data used to determine the cutoff value, and can use a locus where the mother is homozygous and the fetus is heterozygous. The cutoff value may be determined using many different types of methods, such as sequential probability ratio testing (SPRT).Type: GrantFiled: October 31, 2019Date of Patent: February 18, 2025Assignee: The Chinese University of Hong KongInventors: Yuk-Ming Dennis Lo, Rossa Wai Kwun Chiu, Kwan Chee Chan, Benny Chung Ying Zee, Ka Chun Chong
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Patent number: 12206144Abstract: Provided is an aqueous redox flow battery comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a posolyte chamber containing a posolyte in a solvent, a negolyte chamber containing a polysulfide based negolyte and a soluble organic catalyst in a solvent, and a separator disposed between the posolyte chamber and the negolyte chamber, wherein the soluble organic catalyst has a potential lower than the polysulfide based negolyte.Type: GrantFiled: March 25, 2022Date of Patent: January 21, 2025Assignee: The Chinese University of Hong KongInventors: Yi-Chun Lu, Jiafeng Lei
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Patent number: 12190998Abstract: An aberration in a fetal genome can be identified by analyzing a sample of fetal and maternal DNA. Classifications of whether an aberration (amplification or deletion) exists in a subchromosomal region are determined using count-based and size-based methods. The count classification and the size classification can be used in combination to determine whether only the fetus or only the mother, or both, have the aberration in the subchromosomal region, thereby avoiding false positives when the mother has the aberration and the fetus does not.Type: GrantFiled: April 17, 2019Date of Patent: January 7, 2025Assignee: The Chinese University of Hong KongInventors: Yuk-Ming Dennis Lo, Rossa Wai Kwun Chiu, Kwan Chee Chan, Peiyong Jiang, Cheuk Yin Jandy Yu
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Patent number: 12180549Abstract: Embodiments of this invention provide methods, systems, and apparatus for determining whether a fetal chromosomal aneuploidy exists from a biological sample obtained from a pregnant female. Nucleic acid molecules of the biological sample are sequenced, such that a fraction of the genome is sequenced. Respective amounts of a clinically-relevant chromosome and of background chromosomes are determined from results of the sequencing. The determination of the relative amounts may count sequences of only certain length. A parameter derived from these amounts (e.g. a ratio) is compared to one or more cutoff values, thereby determining a classification of whether a fetal chromosomal aneuploidy exists. Prior to sequencing, the biological sample may be enriched for DNA fragments of a particular sizes.Type: GrantFiled: November 6, 2009Date of Patent: December 31, 2024Assignee: The Chinese University of Hong KongInventors: Yuk-Ming Dennis Lo, Rossa Wai Kwun Chiu, Kwan Chee Chan
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Patent number: 12139750Abstract: Methods and systems described herein involve using long cell-free DNA fragments to analyze a biological sample from a pregnant subject. The status of methylated CpG sites and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) is often used to analyze DNA fragments of a biological sample. A CpG site and a SNP are typically separated from the nearest CpG site or SNP by hundreds or thousands of base pairs. Finding two or more consecutive CpG sites or SNPs on most cell-free DNA fragments is improbable or impossible. Cell-free DNA fragments longer than 600 bp may include multiple CpG sites and/or SNPs. The presence of multiple CpG sites and/or SNPs on long cell-free DNA fragments may allow for analysis than with short cell-free DNA fragments alone. The long cell-free DNA fragments can be used to identify a tissue of origin and/or to provide information on a fetus in a pregnant female.Type: GrantFiled: February 5, 2021Date of Patent: November 12, 2024Assignee: The Chinese University of Hong KongInventors: Yuk-Ming Dennis Lo, Rossa Wai Kwun Chiu, Kwan Chee Chan, Peiyong Jiang, Suk Hang Cheng, Cheuk Yin Yu, Yee Ting Cheung, Wenlei Peng
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Publication number: 20240331798Abstract: A foundation model for analysis of RNA sequences, including ncRNA sequences, can be trained to provide output embeddings (in a high-dimensional space) corresponding to input RNA sequences. Training of the RNA foundation model can use a large-scale dataset of RNA sequences without any annotation as to structure or function. The trained RNA foundation model can thereafter be used to produce embeddings that can be used as input features in downstream task-specific machine-learning models (or other computer models) that can learn to predict particular aspects of structure and/or function for a given RNA sequence.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 27, 2024Publication date: October 3, 2024Applicant: The Chinese University of Hong KongInventors: Yu LI, Jiayang CHEN
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Publication number: 20240331137Abstract: Machine-learning systems and methods can perform multi-label classification of medical images in a clinical context. A system can incorporate a triplet attention network that combines category-attention, self-attention, and cross-attention to learn high-quality label embeddings by mining effective information from medical images. The set of labels can include a single “hybrid” label assigned to multiple low-frequency diseases. The machine-learning system can be trained using a dual-pool contrastive learning technique. In the inference stage, the trained network can use a dual-pool contrastive inference technique to reduce the likelihood of false negatives and enhance the ability to detect diseases not seen in the training data.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 31, 2023Publication date: October 3, 2024Applicant: The Chinese University of Hong KongInventors: Pheng Ann Heng, Yuhan Zhang
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Patent number: 12098429Abstract: Techniques are provided for analyzing circular DNA in a biological sample (e.g., including cell-free DNA, such as plasma). For example, to measure circular DNA, cleaving can be performed to linearize the circular DNA so that they may be sequenced. Example cleaving techniques include restriction enzymes and transposases. Then, one or more criteria can be used to identify linearized DNA molecules, e.g., so as to differentiate from linear DNA molecules. An example criterion is mapping a pair of reversed end sequences to a reference genome. Another example criterion is identification of a cutting tag, e.g., associated with a restriction enzyme or an adapter sequence added by a transposase. Once circular DNA molecules (e.g., eccDNA and circular mitochondrial DNA) are identified, they may be analyzed (e.g., to determine a count, size profile, and/or methylation) to measure a property of the biological sample, including genetic properties and level of a disease.Type: GrantFiled: March 25, 2020Date of Patent: September 24, 2024Assignees: The Chinese University of Hong Kong, GRAIL, Inc.Inventors: Yuk-Ming Dennis Lo, Rossa Wai Kwun Chiu, Kwan Chee Chan, Peiyong Jiang, Lu Ji, Tsz Kwan Sin, Haiqiang Zhang, Jiaen Deng
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Patent number: 12089910Abstract: Magnetic field has been considered as a safe and promising method for remote control of medical robots in body. Systems that implement electromagnetic coils can provide wide control bandwidth and on-off capability. However, scaling-up the working space of such systems for clinical use and increasing energy efficiency to reduce heat generation have always been a challenging task. The design, modeling and control methods for a magnetic actuation system with multiple mobile electromagnetic coils with decoupled movements are introduced. The high flexibility of such configuration and the proposed real-time control strategy enables the system to enlarge the working space by tracking the locomotion of the robot, deal with the irregularly shaped obstructions inside the working area, work with medical imaging systems for localization of the medical robots, generate various kind of magnetic field for actuation and conduct real-time optimization on coils' positions to enhance energy efficiency.Type: GrantFiled: May 28, 2020Date of Patent: September 17, 2024Assignee: The Chinese University of Hong KongInventors: Li Zhang, Xingzhou Du, Kai Fung Chan, Lidong Yang, Moqiu Zhang
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Patent number: 12065704Abstract: Embodiments of this invention provide methods, systems, and apparatus for determining whether a fetal chromosomal aneuploidy exists from a biological sample obtained from a pregnant female. Nucleic acid molecules of the biological sample are sequenced, such that a fraction of the genome is sequenced. Respective amounts of a clinically-relevant chromosome and of background chromosomes are determined from results of the sequencing. The determination of the relative amounts may count sequences of only certain length. A parameter derived from these amounts (e.g. a ratio) is compared to one or more cutoff values, thereby determining a classification of whether a fetal chromosomal aneuploidy exists. Prior to sequencing, the biological sample may be enriched for DNA fragments of a particular sizes.Type: GrantFiled: March 23, 2011Date of Patent: August 20, 2024Assignee: The Chinese University of Hong KongInventors: Yuk-Ming Dennis Lo, Rossa Wai Kwun Chiu, Kwan Chee Chan
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Patent number: 12064869Abstract: Devices, systems and methods of controlling movement of a host mechanical system using inertial forces imparted by an augmentable or morphable appendage. Such appendages are attached to the host mechanical system such that augmentation or morphing of the appendage to move a mass of the appendage from an extended to a retracted configuration imparts inertial forces to the supporting structure. Augmentation/morphing is controlled and coordinated such that imparted inertial forces facilitate a desired movement of the mechanical system. The imparted forces can include translation forces and/or rotational forces along one or more axes. The augmentation or morphing of the appendage can be performed concurrently with separately controlled coordinated movement of the appendage to facilitate a desired movement of the mechanical system. Such appendages can include, but are not limited to, telescoping and/or folding designs.Type: GrantFiled: February 25, 2020Date of Patent: August 20, 2024Assignee: The Chinese University of Hong KongInventors: Kwok Wai Samuel Au, Jiajun An, Xiangyu Chu, Tsz Yin Chung, Chun Ho Lo, Hoi Wut Yip, Carlos Ma
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Patent number: 12060612Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide methods, systems, and apparatus for deducing the fetal DNA fraction in maternal plasma without using paternal or fetal genotypes. Maternal genotype information may be obtained from a maternal-only DNA sample or may be assumed from shallow-depth sequencing of a biological sample having both maternal and fetal DNA molecules. Because sequencing may be at shallow depths, a locus may have only few reads and may fail to exhibit a non-maternal allele even if a non-maternal allele is present. However, normalized parameters that characterize non-maternal alleles sequenced can be used to provide an accurate estimate of the fetal DNA fraction, even if the amount of non-maternal alleles is in error. Methods described herein may not need high-depth sequencing or enrichment of specific regions. As a result, these methods can be integrated into widely used non-invasive prenatal testing and other diagnostics.Type: GrantFiled: September 18, 2019Date of Patent: August 13, 2024Assignee: The Chinese University of Hong KongInventors: Yuk-Ming Dennis Lo, Peiyong Jiang, Kwan Chee Chan, Rossa Wai Kwun Chiu
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Patent number: 12060614Abstract: Embodiments of this invention provide methods, systems, and apparatus for determining whether a fetal chromosomal aneuploidy exists from a biological sample obtained from a pregnant female. Nucleic acid molecules of the biological sample are sequenced, such that a fraction of the genome is sequenced. Respective amounts of a clinically-relevant chromosome and of background chromosomes are determined from results of the sequencing. The determination of the relative amounts may count sequences of only certain length. A parameter derived from these amounts (e.g. a ratio) is compared to one or more cutoff values, thereby determining a classification of whether a fetal chromosomal aneuploidy exists. Prior to sequencing, the biological sample may be enriched for DNA fragments of a particular sizes.Type: GrantFiled: March 9, 2012Date of Patent: August 13, 2024Assignee: The Chinese University of Hong KongInventors: Yuk-Ming Dennis Lo, Rossa Wai Kun Chiu, Kwan Chee Chan
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Patent number: 12054780Abstract: Embodiments of this invention provide methods, systems, and apparatus for determining whether a fetal chromosomal aneuploidy exists from a biological sample obtained from a pregnant female. Nucleic acid molecules of the biological sample are sequenced, such that a fraction of the genome is sequenced. Respective amounts of a clinically-relevant chromosome and of background chromosomes are determined from results of the sequencing. The determination of the relative amounts may count sequences of only certain length. A parameter derived from these amounts (e.g. a ratio) is compared to one or more cutoff values, thereby determining a classification of whether a fetal chromosomal aneuploidy exists. Prior to sequencing, the biological sample may be enriched for DNA fragments of a particular sizes.Type: GrantFiled: March 23, 2011Date of Patent: August 6, 2024Assignee: The Chinese University of Hong KongInventors: Yuk-Ming Dennis Lo, Rossa Wai Kwun Chiu, Kwan Chee Chan