Abstract: The invention relates to reactive-group-containing monoazo dyestuffs of formula (I), their salts or mixtures thereof, wherein R.sub.1 signifies hydrogen, methyl, methoxy or ethoxy, R.sub.2 signifies hydrogen, methyl, NHCONH.sub.2 or NHCOCH.sub.3, RG signifies (a), (b) or (c), X signifies hydrogen or chlorine, Z signify a group --CH=CH.sub.2, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 W or mixtures thereof wherein W is a leaving group removable by alkali and --SO.sub.2 --Z may be bonded in a meta- or para-position with respect to the azo group. These compounds are useful as reactive dyestuffs in printing or dyeing hydroxy-group-containing or nitrogen-containing organic substrates.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel antireflective coating solution and a process for its use in photolithography. The antireflective coating solution comprises a novel polymer and an organic solvent or a mixture of organic solvents, where the novel polymer comprises a unit containing a dye that absorbs from about 180 nm to about 450 nm and a unit containing a crosslinking group.

Abstract: Complexes of formulae I and II ##STR1## wherein the variables are as defined in the specification are useful as dyes for, for example, the mass dyeing of plastics and for lacquers.

Abstract: A process for the production of mineral tanned or/and re-tanned or/and after-treated leather or pelt, wherein before the mineral tanning, directly after the mineral tanning, directly before the mineral re-tanning, after the mineral re-tanning or/and with the after-treatment of a fatliquoring with a polyvalent metal cation, the substrate is treated with(A) a polymeric carboxylic acid containing .alpha.-hydroxyacrylic acid units, optionally in salt form, as constituent units of the polymer,by which a high exhaustion of mineral (re)tanning agent, an excellent distribution of the tanning agent and very pleasant soft handle of the (re)tanned leather resp. an outstanding water resistance of mineral after-treated fat-liquored leather can be achieved.

Abstract: Disperse dyes of the general formula I ##STR1## wherein D signifies a diazo component which is usual with disperse dyes,K signifies an aromatic radical of formula ##STR2## Y signifies ##STR3## and the other symbols have the meanings as defined in claim 1, are useful for dyeing or printing hydrophobic, fully or half-synthetic organic fiber materials.

Abstract: Fiber-reactive monoazo and disazo compounds of the formulaD-N.dbd.N--Kwhich compounds are in free acid or salt form, and mixtures thereof, are useful for dyeing or printing hydroxy group- or nitrogen-containing organic substrates, for example leather and fiber material comprising natural or synthetic polyamides or natural or regenerated cellulose; the most preferred substrate is a textile material comprising cotton.

Abstract: A light-sensitive positive photoresist composition containing a film forming novolak resin, a quinone-diazide photoactive compound, a solvent, and a 2,4-dinitro-1-naphthol dye, where the dye is present at a level greater than 0.5 weight percent of the total photoresist composition. The dye reduces the linewidth variation of the resist pattern on a reflective substrate without significantly reducing the lithographic performance of the light-sensitive composition.

Abstract: A process of dyeing natural or synthetic polyamide fibres in an aqueous exhaustion dyebath comprising an anionic dyestuff, comprising the steps of1. immersing the fibres to be dyed in the aqueous dyebath which has a temperature of from 20.degree.-50.degree. C. and a pH of 7-11 (7-8.5 when the polyamide is wool); and2. raising the temperature to 110.degree. C. maximum and maintaining it there until exhaustion is substantially complete;there being added to the dyebath, either prior to the commencement of temperature raising or after an alkaline migration period at the boil, an ester of a C.sub.2 -C.sub.3 hydroxycarboxylic acid with a C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 glycol and up to 30% by weight of the ester of a tertiary amine which is essentially non-volatile under the process conditions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of certain fungi in the reduction of the pitch and/or lignin content of cellulosic materials. In particular, the white rot fungi Schizophyllum commune, Trichaptum biforme and Phanerochaete gigantea are useful in reducing pitch and/or lignin, or both, which saves electrical energy during the mechanical refining of pulps and pulpwoods used in making cellulosic products.

Abstract: A compound of formula I for use in stabilizing polymeric material against effects such as light and heat ##STR1## in which R is hydrogen; oxygen; --OH; C.sub.1-24 alkyl; --O--CO--C.sub.1-24 alkyl; --O--CO--C.sub.1-24 alkyl; --O--CO-phenyl or --COR.sub.5 ; where R.sub.5 is --C(R.sub.3).dbd.CH.sub.2, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, phenyl, CO--C.sub.1-24 alkyl, --CO--phenyl, --NR.sub.7 R.sub.8, --CH.sub.2 --C.sub.6 H.sub.5, --CO--OC.sub.1-12 alkyl or --COOH; where R.sub.3 is hydrogen or C.sub.1-4 alkyl; R.sub.7 is hydrogen, C.sub.1-12 alkyl, C.sub.5-6 cycloalkyl, phenyl, phenyl-C.sub.1-4 alkyl or C.sub.1-12 alkylphenyl and R.sub.8 is C.sub.1-12 alkyl or hydrogen,each R.sub.1, independently, is --CH.sub.3 or --CH.sub.2 (C.sub.1-4 alkyl) or both groups R.sub.1 form a group --(CH.sub.2).sub.5 --; andeach R.sub.2, independently, is --CH.sub.3 or --CH.sub.2 (C.sub.1-4 alkyl) or both groups R.sub.2 form a group --(CH.sub.2).sub.5 --.A is --O-- or --N(C.sub.1-4 alkyl)-- or --NH--R.sub.9 is hydrogen or methyl, andR.sub.

Abstract: Fiber-reactive disazo dyes correspond to formula I, ##STR1## and they are present as free acids or in salt form. They are used as reactive dyes for dyeing or printing hydroxy-group-containing or nitrogen-containing organic substrates, especially leather or fibrous material, which consists of or contains natural or synthetic polyamides or natural or regenerated cellulose. The dyeings obtained have high fixation values and good light fastness.

Abstract: A process for preparing a mixed aluminium-heavy metal dyestuff complex, in which the amount of heavy metal present is 10-98% and that of aluminium is 2 to 90% comprisingi) reacting the metal free dyestuff with less than a stoichiometric amount of a heavy metal compound followed byii) reacting the product with an aluminium compound in an amount to produce a stoichiometric excess of metal (calculated on all the metal present) to form a mixed aluminium-heavy metal complex.

Abstract: The invention provides a compound of formulaA--E--SO.sub.2 --NH--SO.sub.2 --E--A (I),whereineach --E--, independently, signifies a bivalent aromatic radical,each --A, independently, signifies a heterocyclic group of formula ##STR1## and the group --R.sub.1 --R.sub.2 -- signifies a 2- or 3-membered bridging chain to form, together with the group ##STR2## to which it is bound, a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle, with the proviso that the carbon indicated by the asterisk * is capable of being coupled with a diazonium compound,or a mixture of compounds of formula (I), and the use thereof as (bis)coupling components for the production of azodyes and metal complexes, which are useful as dyes, especially for the dyeing of leather.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of obtaining a fungus of the species Ophiostoma piliferum by selective mating of strains of the fungus and selecting for an ascospore offspring which grows white or colorless, and has the ability to reduce pitch in Southern Yellow Pine wood chips.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## and salts thereof, wherein eachR.sub.1 is independently hydrogen or C.sub.1-4 alkyl, andR.sub.2 is hydrogen; C.sub.1-6 alkyl; C.sub.2-4 alkenyl; C.sub.2-4 alkynyl; cyclohexyl; phenyl; phenyl substituted by 1 to 3 substituents selected from halo, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, C.sub.1-4 alkoxy, --SO.sub.3 H and --COOH; phenyl (C.sub.1-4 alkyl); phenyl(C.sub.1-4 alkyl) the phenyl ring of which is substituted by 1 to 3 substituents selected from halo, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, C.sub.1-4 alkoxy, --SO.sub.3 H and --COOH; or --W--Y,whereinW is linear or branched C.sub.1-6 alkylene, andY is --COOH, --COOC.sub.1-4 alkyl, --SO.sub.3 H, --OSO.sub.3 H, hydroxy, cyano, C.sub.1-4 alkoxy, --NH.sub.

Abstract: A solid solution composition comprisinga) a 2,2,6,6-tetraalkylpiperidinyl compound having a low molecular weight; andb) a 2,2,6,6-tetraalkylpiperidinyl compound having a high molecular weightthat have been mixed in the melt, is an excellent stabilizer for polymeric materials.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are as defined in the specification and R.sub.3 is amino or --N.dbd.N--K, wherein K is a coupling component radical. The compounds wherein R.sub.3 is --N.dbd.N--K are useful as disperse dyes, and those wherein it is amino are useful as intermediates in the synthesis of those wherein it is --N.dbd.N--K.

Abstract: A process for providing a variety of light to medium colors of anodized aluminum or aluminum alloy which comprises the steps of anodizing an aluminum or aluminum alloy workpiece in an aqueous strong acid electrolyte solution such as a sulfuric acid solution by application of direct current at a current density of 5 to about 25 amperes per square foot and a temperature of from 55.degree. F. to 90.degree. F. to form on the workpiece a porous anodic oxide film having a thickness of at least about 3 microns; subjecting the resulting anodized workpiece to alternating current at a voltage of about 5 to about 25 volts for about 1 to 25 minutes in an aqueous strong acid electrolyte solution such as a sulfuric acid solution comprising about 1 to 15 volume percent of an organic carboxylic acid containing at least one reactive group in the alpha-position, wherein said reactive group is a hydroxy, amino, keto or carboxyl group; and electrolytically coloring the workpiece.

Abstract: A process for preparing carboxylates of polyoxyalkylene siloxanes and -amines, alkylpolyoxyalkylenes, polyoxyalkylene block polymers, alkylamidepolyoxyalkylenes and alkylpolyglucosides comprising subjecting a primary hydroxyl group-containing polyoxyalkylene compound or alkylpolyglucoside to mild oxidiation. The invention also relates to the novel polyoxyalkylene amine and alkylamidepolyoxyalkylene carboxylates prepared by the process.

Abstract: A process for preparing carboxylates of polyoxyalkylene siloxanes and -amines, alkylpolyoxyalkylenes, polyoxyalkylene block polymers, alkylamidepolyoxyalkylenes and alkylpolyglucosides comprising subjecting a primary hydroxyl group-containing polyoxyalkylene compound or alkylpolyglucoside to mild oxidiation. The invention also relates to the novel polyoxyalkylene amine and alkylamidepolyoxyalkylene carboxylates prepared by the process.