Abstract: The invention relates to a method of preparing a stationary silica phase for the purpose of packing a chromatographic column intended for the liquid-phase separation of components. There are thus effected a first grafting with functional groups of the amine type, a complete hydrolysis of the stationary phase so grafted, and finally a further grafting with functional groups of the alkyl type, optionally substituted. A chromatographic column packed with the stationary silica phase can be used to separate the constituents of a petroleum product.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hydrodemetallization process and catalyst, of a sulfur and organometallic containing hydrocarbon feedstock which consists in contacting the feedstock under the usual hydrotreating conditions with a catalyst comprising a refractory mineral carrier composed essentially of a mesoporous alumina with defined characteristics, said catalyst having previously been sulfurized. The process is characterized in that the catalyst contains, in addition to the carrier, in free or combined form, from 0.01 to 0.7 weight percent, based on the total weight of the catalyst, and calculated as if in elemental form, of at least one metal selected from groups Vb, VIb, VIIb and VIII of the periodic table of the elements, so as to give optimum initial demetallizing activity.

Abstract: The invention encompasses an electric cable which is made up of a metallic shield, a semiconducting polymer sheath surrounding a cable conductor and a moistureproofing layer in the form of a semiconducting hydrophobic gel. This construction assures an effective moisture barrier between the metallic shield and the semiconducting polymer layer by providing a semiconducting gel fully compatible with both.

Abstract: A fluid fuel mixture is formed of a suspension of a pulverized solid fuel and of at least one aqueous phase representing from 15 to 40 percent of the mixture before an optional incorporation of an additive. The mixture can comprise, as a supplement to particle-size fractions of the pulverized solid fuel, or as a replacement for some of these fractions, additional particle-size fractions produced from heavy petroleum residues of a natural or synthetic origin which are solid at the temperature at which the invention is practiced. The fluid fuel mixture may be used, for example, in boilers, industrial furnaces, or gasification reactors.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composite container body wherein the inner surface, and optionally the outer surface and/or the edges, of said body are covered with a multi-layer complex comprising a metallic film to which is adhered a layer of an adhesive such as at least one copolymer obtained by polymerization of a monoolefin and grafting with a monoethylenic carboxylic acid, optionally in admixture with a second compound selected, for example, from the group consisting of low-density polyethylene, high-density polyethylene, polypropylene, polyisobutylene, polystyrene, polyesters, copolymers of ethylene and acrylic acid, and paraffins and waxes derived from the refining of crude petroleum.

Abstract: A mixed organometallic composition suitable for use as fuel additives contains an organic acid salt of at least one metal from the lanthanide group and of at least one metal selected from the group formed by manganese and the metals of the iron group wherein the ratio of total number of metal atoms to number of organic acid equivalents is greater then the stoichiometric proportion, and preferably greater than 2.

Abstract: Apparatus for loading an enclosure with particulate solids includes a loading hopper, a discharge chute (integral with the hopper), and a movable member disposed below the outlet opening of the chute. The movable member includes a shaft driven in rotation by a motor and flexible, moderately hard deflecting strips, which are articulated to the shaft or to a structure rigidly integral with the shaft, so as to spread out from the shaft at an angle by the effect of centrifugal force when driven in rotation. At least one discharge opening is provided in the side wall of the hopper and/or of the chute in the direction of the rotating deflecting strips.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pump and control unit for a solar heating installation system for a water tank, particularly for a swimming pool. The system contains a solar collector, a hydraulic circuit which includes an outward-flow pipe, a return-flow pipe, a pump, a derivative-action control unit and two sensors mounted on the outward-flow pipe and on the return-flow pipe, respectively. The pump, the control unit and the two sensors are integrated into a single case. The case is provided in its top wall with a transparent opening which faces the return-flow sensor and through which said sensor can be exposed to solar radiation, such that the pump may be automatically activated during periods of sunshine, i.e., when the solar collector is heating the water returning to the tank, and stopped due to lack of sunshine.

Abstract: The invention relates to a bidirectional thermal siphon-valve operating by natural convection. It further relates to an installation for the production and storage of heat or cold comprising such a thermal siphon-valve, preferably with a continuously operating pump.The thermal siphon-valve functions to direct a heat-transfer fluid toward one of two hydraulic circuits, or to divide it between the two circuits, on the basis of its temperature. It is distinguished by the fact that it comprises an entirely internally open tubular body (14) with a vertical axis which is provided with at least one inlet orifice (10a) for the heat-transfer fluid, located substantially in its middle portion, and two outlet orifices (10b, 10c) for the heat-transfer fluid, located in its lower and upper portions, respectively.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the pretreatment of a light olefin fraction, or of a mixture of such fractions, for the purpose of selectively removing the isobutene and butadiene present.In accordance with the invention, the olefin fraction is contacted with boron trifluoride in the gas phase, under such conditions and for such a length of time that the isobutene and the butadiene will polymerize selectively, and the boron trifluoride and the isobutene and butadiene polymers obtained are then conventionally separated from the effluent.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for purifying a gas mixture containing at least one undesirable gas compound utilizing certain sulfonamide or sulfamide solvents.

Abstract: The invention relates to the preparation of synthetic zeolites selected from the group formed by chabazite, merlinoite, edingtonite, ZSM 5 and ZSM 11.In accordance with the invention, a zeolite selected from the group formed by mordenite, ferrierite, clinoptilolite and the type X and type Y zeolites is subjected to a treatment with at least one base.The invention further relates to zeolites obtained by said process.

Abstract: The invention relates to the preparation of the zeolite ZK-5 from a starting zeolite selected from the group consisting of the zeolites P (Cl), P' (Cl), Q (Br) and Q' (Br).In accordance with the invention, the barium ions contained in the starting zeolite are extracted therefrom by means of a barium-binding agent selected from the group consisting of precipitating agents which form with the barium ions a compound that precipitates, and of complexing agents which form with the barium ions a barium complex.The zeolite ZK-5 obtained may be used in the separation or cracking of hydrocarbons.

Abstract: A process for the oligomerization of olefin fractions where boron trifluoride in the gas phase is contacted with such a fraction, in the absence of a catalyst carrier, under such conditions and for such a length of time that the isobutene and/or butadiene present will polymerize; the boron trifluoride and the isobutene and/or butadiene polymers obtained are then conventionally separated from said fraction; and the olefins of the fraction so purified are oligomerized in the presence of a boron trifluoride catalyst comprising a catalyst carrier.

Abstract: Improved extrusion head for use in forming plastic containers or tubular films (optionally with multi-ply walls) by the extrusion-blowing process. The typical extrusion head used in this process has flat compensating rings bounding a portion of the frustoconical flow passages which ultimately feed the extrusion orifice. These are replaced by spherical segmental rings having a beveled surface in the form of a spherical, conical, toric or ogival shape which bounds said flow passage and thus eliminates stagnating recesses (of the type encountered through use of the prior art flat rings).

Abstract: A continuous process for making rigid PVC foam objects by extruding a preform from an initial PVC mixture, optionally cutting the preform into blanks, and expanding the preform or the blanks in water heated to a temperature above 70.degree. C. The initial mixture contains polyvinyl chloride, at least a first blowing agent capable of generating a gas, for example an isocyanate or a polyisocyanate, and at least one organic anhydride (and does not contain any added inert particles finely divided therein). The initial mixture may also contain less than one weight percent of a second blowing agent, for example azobisisobutyronitrile or azodicarbonamide. The objects produced possess heat- and sound-insulating properties.

Abstract: A catalyst suited for use in the sweetening of petroleum distillates (by oxidizing mercaptans to disulfides) which is formed of a metal complex of a polyaminoalkylpolycarboxylic acid deposited directly on a basic anion exchange resin. The method of making the source by exchanging a metal cation on an acidic resin; forming a complex by the action of a polyaminoalkylpolycarboxylic acid upon said resin; and exchanging the complex so formed on a basic anion exchange resin.

Abstract: A catalyst suited for use in the sweetening of petroleum distillates (by oxidizing mercaptans to disulfides) which is formed of a metal complex of a polyaminoalkylpolycarboxylic acid deposited directly on a basic anion exchange resin. The method of making the source by exchanging a metal cation on an acidic resin; forming a complex by the action of a polyaminoalkylpolycarboxylic acid upon said resin; and exchanging the complex so formed on a basic anion exchange resin.

Abstract: A multilayer composite material, suitable for capping plastic milk bottles and other containers, comprising;(a) a metal foil,(b) a polyolefin film, and(c) an adhesive layer bonding the metal foil and the polyolefin film together and formed of two compounds A and B; wherein said metal foil has a thickness between 25 and 75 microns; said polyolefin film has a thickness between 10 and 30 microns; and said adhesive layer has a thickness between 0.5 and 6 microns, and preferably between 2 and 5 microns.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the treatment of a hydrocarbon charge by high temperature ultrafiltration, said process comprising the steps of circulating said charge in a module comprising at least one mineral ultrafiltration barrier coated with a sensitive mineral layer of at least one metal oxide and of operating at a temperature higher than 100.degree. C. The barrier, which preferably has a ceramic or metallic support, is coated with a sensitive layer selected from the group comprising titanium dioxide, magnesium oxide, aluminium oxide, spinel MgAl.sub.2 O.sub.4, silica. The invention is applicable to the regeneration of a waste oil and to the reduction of the rate of asphaltenes in a hydrocarbon charge.