Abstract: Congestion reducing method performed by a user equipment (UE) in communication systems, characterized by, that the user equipment (UE) is prepared for transmitting uplink data (UL) and is in a passive status and after initiating a Random Access Channel procedure (RACH) the user equipment (UE) receives back off index from the base-station (gNB) and user equipment (UE) selects back off Index based on user equipment (UE) criteria related to at least one communication systems relevant criterion.

Abstract: The multi-layer patch antenna device comprises a lower antenna layer, a middle antenna layer and an upper antenna layer. An upper metal layer of the middle antenna layer is contacted by two feed pins which are guided through the lower and middle antenna layers. Metal layers of the lower antenna layer are connected to each other via a first hollow pin which is guided through the lower dielectric substrate layer. Metal layers of the middle antenna layer are connected via a second hollow pin which is guided through the middle dielectric substrate layer. An upper metal layer of the upper antenna layer is contacted by a further feed pin which is guided through the antenna layers and is coaxially sheathed by the first hollow pin and the second hollow pin.

Abstract: A spreader unit for a drum brake is provided with a readjustment device which ensures that the clearance remains substantially constant even in the case of wear on the brake linings. The readjustment device is arranged between actuating pistons and changes the spacing of the actuating pistons in at least one readjustment step when an actuating travel of the first and second brake shoe holders has exceeded a travel setpoint value. A thermally actuable blocking device mechanically prevents the execution of the readjustment step by the readjustment device at a temperature above a temperature setpoint value.

Abstract: The invention relates to a computer-implemented method for improving data security in a computing device (10), the computing device (10) including a computer system (12) with a processor (16) for executing computer instructions (18) and a physical memory (20) accessible to the processor (16), the computer system (12) being configured as an implementation of a computer architecture suitable for switching between a trusted execution environment (22) for executing a trusted computing process (24) and a rich execution environment (26) for executing a client computing process (28) corresponding to the trusted computing process (24), wherein an access of the rich execution environment (26) on the trusted execution environment (22) is restricted and/or secured, wherein the rich execution environment (26) and the trusted execution environment (24) respectively are switchable between a user mode (30) in which execution of one or more selected computer instructions (18) for accessing the physical memory (20) is restric

Abstract: A brake system, a controller and a method for detecting a loss of ground connection in a controller for a vehicle are disclosed. The controller has a first unit and a second unit, and the first and/or the second unit comprise(s) a microcontroller. The first unit is connected to a first ground terminal by a first ground line and the second unit is connected to a second ground terminal by a second ground line. The controller comprises a single ground loss detection resistor arranged in the first or in the second ground line. The current in the first and/or the second ground line is ascertained and evaluated by the microcontroller in order to determine whether a loss of the connection has occurred at one of the ground terminals.

Abstract: A motor vehicle disc brake lining having friction material fixed on the front side of a back plate, and a resetting spring fixed releasably or non-releasably on the rear side of the back plate with a base and an elastic resetting spring bow. The resetting spring bow sits elastically on an assigned abutment of a holder such that the motor vehicle disc brake lining can be reset to be axially distanced from a brake disc in the released brake state. The friction lining resetting spring has a spring characteristic curve which is additively composed of a plurality of portions including a plurality of quasi-linear straight portions and, interposed in-between, at least one curved transition portion, each having mutually differently defined gradient angles, and among the portions there is at least one portion which is at least partially plastically deformable and serves to automatically allow demand-oriented spring-back based on wear compensation.

Abstract: For controlling electromechanically actuatable brakes of servo type construction, it is necessary to detect the forces acting on the abutment of the brake shoes. The abutment is therefore formed from a massive material which deforms under load, wherein measurement devices are provided which detect this deformation. The shape of the abutment is selected in such a way that the abutment has measurement gaps, the size of which changes when the abutment is loaded. The size of the measurement gaps can be sensed by means of Hall sensors or AMR sensors, for example.

Abstract: A method for monitoring an ideal diode comprises controlling a source-gate voltage of a MOSFET of the ideal diode such that the ideal diode can be changed between an off and an on state with a first target value for a source-drain voltage. To detect error states, the source-drain voltage and the source-gate voltage are measured. A check is carried out to determine whether the source-drain voltage reaches the first target value within predefined error limits in the on state. A test mode is carried out, in which a second target value, smaller than the first target value, is set for the source-drain voltage. A check is carried out to determine whether the source-gate voltage reaches an upper threshold value when the test mode is being carried out. An error signal is output when the first target value and/or the upper threshold value is/are not reached.

Abstract: A pulsation damper for damping pressure medium vibrations in a hydraulic system, has a membrane within a bore of a housing, which membrane is exposed to the pressure medium on its one side and faces a gas-filled cavity inside the housing on its other side, the bore of which is closed by means of a plug. The membrane, in conjunction with the plug and a hollow-cylindrical support body, forms an independently handleable, functionally pre-testable assembly, for which purpose the membrane is substantially cup-shaped, and the support body extends into it.

Abstract: A method for monitoring an electrically actuated brake comprises ascertaining a base friction and a mechanical efficiency of the brake. An expected residual application force is determined based on the base friction and the mechanical efficiency of the brake. If the residual application force is at least as high as a threshold value, an error message is issued. An associated brake arrangement for executing the method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for driving an assistance-providing motor of a power-steering system of a vehicle, the assistance-providing motor including a first winding electrically energized by a first inverter, and at least a three-phase second winding electrically energized by a second inverter different from the first inverter, the first winding and the at least a second winding being mechanically coupled to each other, characterized in that it includes, when a malfunction of short-circuit type is detected between a phase of the first winding and a supply or an electric ground of the first inverter: —a determining step; —a measuring step; —a tripping step; —a controlling step.

Abstract: A lighting unit for a display apparatus for use in a motor vehicle is disclosed herein. The lighting unit includes a light transmitting panel configured to transmit light rays through to a viewing side of a display apparatus; and at least one light source operable to emit light rays across a breadth of the light transmitting panel. the light transmitting panel further comprises a reflector foil sheet applied to at least two sides of the light transmitting panel with no air gaps therebetween. A vehicle display for mounting within an interior of a motor vehicle comprising such a lighting unit, and a method of optimizing light rays for illuminating a display apparatus for use in a motor vehicle is also disclosed.

Abstract: A passive vibration damper for damping vibrations, particularly for damping vibrations of a printed circuit board, includes a chamber having a surrounding wall which defines a cavity. The volume of the cavity is at least 2% of the volume of the vibration absorber and not more than 95% of the volume of the vibration absorber. The chamber includes particles, wherein the wall and the particles have the same material composition.

Abstract: Disclosed is a circuit arrangement for checking the cutout ability of an electronic fuse used as an interrupter, a first electronic switch, between a power supply and a control device. A second electronic switch is connected in parallel with the first switch has a lower current-carrying capacity than the first switch and is configured, when conductive, to generate a lower voltage drop across its load path than the first switch at the same current as the first switch. The first and the second switches are actuated by a control and diagnostic circuit configured to check the cutout ability of the first switch acting as a fuse when the second switch is switched on, and to check the voltage drop across the two switches and, upon a reduction in the voltage when the second switch is on and the first switch is off, to conclude that the switches are functioning correctly.

Abstract: A near-optimal Karhunen-Loeve basis expansion modeling (KL-BEM) orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS) receiver with superimposed pilots has been proposed for high-mobility communications with Doppler spread channel. First, an initial KL-BEM channel estimation is conducted by superimposed pilots, followed by the removal of superimposed pilots from the received OTFS signal and equalisation by message passing (MP) algorithm. After that, the detected data symbols are utilized as pseudo pilots along with the superimposed pilots to refine both KL-BEM channel estimation and equalisation in an iterative manner. Simulation results confirm the superior performance of the proposed KL-BEM OTFS receiver over the prior art in terms of the mean-square-error (MSE) of channel estimation and bit error rate (BER). It also has a close BER performance to the BER lower bound obtained by assuming perfect channel estimation. It contributes to high spectral efficiency and fast convergence performance.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for checking the turn-off capability of an electronic fuse in the form of a MOSFET, said electronic fuse being used as an interrupter switch between a voltage supply and a control device, wherein the MOSFET is turned on during operation as intended and is operated in the linear region, wherein, for checking the turn-off capability, the gate-source voltage of the MOSFET is reduced by a predefined value until a predefined threshold value is reached and, after the threshold value has been reached, the gate-source voltage is increased again to the previous value for turning on the MOSFET, and wherein a check is made to ascertain whether the drain-source voltage of the MOSFET increases as the gate-source voltage is reduced.

Abstract: A method for operating a braking system, wherein a switchable connection between two connection points is open in normal operation, and a voltage difference across the switchable connection is reduced by recuperation before said switchable connection is closed, which serves to compensate for a disturbance in an on-board electrical system. As a result, it is possible to avoid excess currents in the event of the closing of the switchable connection.

Abstract: An electrohydraulic brake control device (200) for a motor vehicle for at least four hydraulically actuatable wheel brakes (8a-8d), said brake control device comprising an electrically actuatable pressure source (2), an electrically actuatable inlet valve (6a-6d) for each wheel brake, an electrically actuatable outlet valve (7a-7d) for each wheel brake, and a brake supply line (13), to which the at least four inlet valves (6a-6d) are connected, wherein an electrically actuatable circuit separation valve (40) is arranged in the brake supply line (13) in such a way that, when the circuit separation valve (40) is closed, the brake supply line (13) is hydraulically separated into a first line section (13a) and a second line section (13b), wherein the brake control device (200) comprises at least four hydraulic wheel ports (9a-9d) for connection to the wheel brakes (8a-8d), wherein the brake control device (200) comprises a first hydraulic port (62) for connection to a pressure medium reservoir (4) and a second hy

Abstract: A method for detecting presence by ultra-wideband inside a locked vehicle, by a detecting device including at least one internal module and at least two external modules. The method including: a) detection of locking; b) for a first period of time, alternation of transmission by the internal module of waves at various predetermined frequencies and powers and simultaneous transmission of waves by a first external module; c) reception, by the internal module, of reflected waves; d) reception, by a second external module, of waves transmitted by the first external module; e) comparison between the waves received by the internal module and by the external module; and f) in case of simultaneous detection by both modules of an event, then detection of presence inside the vehicle.

Abstract: A display unit, arranged in a vehicle interior with a surface is disclosed. A screen, integrated into the surface, with a controllable screen luminance for setting an original screen luminance, a transparent cover element with a cover element surface, is arranged in the viewing direction in front of the screen, and by which the screen is at least partially covered. The cover element surface simulates the surface at least in the viewing direction, and a control unit at least for controlling the screen luminance, wherein the control unit ascertains a correction term in dependence on a material of the cover element surface and/or on a luminance with respect to the cover element which corresponds to the ambient radiation incident on the cover element, and to set the screen luminance based on the correction term such that the original screen luminance is restored from a point of view of an observer.