Abstract: A chuck includes a chuck surface, a plurality of vacuum ports being distributed over the chuck surface. Each of the vacuum ports is open to a conduit that is connectable to a suction source that is operable to apply suction to that vacuum port. A flow restrictor is located within each conduit and is characterized by a flow resistance. The flow resistance of the flow restrictor in at least one conduit is less than the flow resistance of the flow restrictor in at least one other conduit.

Abstract: A non-contact support platform with open-loop control, including: a surface, to support a workpiece by fluid-bearing of fluid flowing through a plurality of nozzles, a supply system, connected to the surface and configured to maintain the fluid-bearing by applying pressure to cause flow of the fluid out of a subset of the plurality of nozzles, and a controller, to control fluid flow in the supply system with an open-loop circuit to support the workpiece while it moves over the non-contact support platform, wherein the fluid flow is controlled based on at least parameter of a group of workpiece parameters consisting of a position of the workpiece, dimensions of the workpiece and a velocity of the workpiece while supported by the surface.

Abstract: A chuck includes a chuck surface, a plurality of vacuum ports being distributed over the chuck surface. Each of the vacuum ports is open to a conduit that is connectable to a suction source that is operable to apply suction to that vacuum port. A flow restrictor is located within each conduit and is characterized by a flow resistance. The flow resistance of the flow restrictor in at least one conduit is less than the flow resistance of the flow restrictor in at least one other conduit.

Abstract: A chuck includes a chuck surface, a plurality of vacuum ports being distributed over the chuck surface. Each of the vacuum ports is open to a conduit that is connectable to a suction source that is operable to apply suction to that vacuum port. A flow restrictor is located within each conduit and is characterized by a flow resistance. The flow resistance of the flow restrictor in at least one conduit is less than the flow resistance of the flow restrictor in at least one other conduit.

Abstract: A gripper to grip a workpiece includes a body with a flat gripper surface. The gripper surface includes a plurality of openings that are distributed over the gripper surface, each of the openings connectable to a source of suction. At least one flow restrictor is located between the plurality of openings and a connector of the gripper to the source of suction to restrict the inflow through each opening of the plurality of openings. When the suction is applied to the plurality of openings and a part of the workpiece surface covers at least one opening of the plurality of openings and another of the openings remains uncovered, the suction force at the covered opening is sufficiently strong to grip the workpiece surface.

Abstract: A web tension device includes a pressure source and a stationary housing. A translatable unit is translatable into and out of a cavity of the housing and includes an inlet that is connectable to the pressure source. A distal end of the translatable unit includes a tensioning surface with openings to enable outflow of pressurized fluid to apply a pushing force to a web in a roll-to-roll process. Proximal openings enable outflow of the fluid into a gap between the housing and the translatable unit. When tension of the web is reduced, an outward force that is exerted by pressure in the gap pushes the translatable unit outward, pushing the web outward until an inward force that is exerted by the web balances the outward force. When tension of the web increases, the inward force pushes the translatable unit inward until the inward force is balanced by the outward force.

Abstract: A wafer positioning device includes at least one fixed stop that is positioned at a periphery of a clamped position on a surface of a chuck and an extendible finger. A finger extension mechanism extends the finger outward toward a center of the chuck surface, and retracts the finger away from the center of the chuck surface. The finger is configured, when a wafer is placed on the chuck surface and the finger extension mechanism is operated to extend the finger outward, to push the wafer laterally toward the fixed stop until an edge of the wafer contacts the fixed stop when a distal end of the finger is at the periphery of the clamped position.

Abstract: A noncontact support platform includes a plurality of pressure nozzles on an outer surface of a PV stage of the noncontact support platform. The pressure nozzles connected to a pressure source for creating an outflow of fluid through the pressure nozzles. A plurality of vacuum nozzles are interspersed with the pressure nozzles on the outer surface and are connected to a vacuum manifold via one or a plurality of hoses to create an inflow of the fluid through the vacuum nozzles. At least one flowmeter is configured to generate a signal that is indicative of a measured inflow via at least one hose of the hoses. A controller is configured to analyze the signal to determine whether the measured inflow is indicative of blockage of a vacuum nozzle and to generate a response when blockage is indicated.

Abstract: Methods and systems for determination of warpage in a workpiece supported by a non-contact support platform, including a surface with a plurality of pressure ports and a plurality of fluid evacuation ports on the surface, a supply system with a pressure supply connected to the plurality of pressure ports on the surface and configured to supply pressure at a substantially constant level and cause a fluid to flow out of the plurality of pressure ports, so as to support a workpiece by fluid-bearing formed under the workpiece, and at least one flowmeter, coupled to a controller and configured to measure the flowrate at the surface, wherein the workpiece is determined to be warped when the measured flowrate is outside a predefined flowrate range.

Abstract: Methods and systems for determination of warpage in a workpiece supported by a non-contact support platform, including a surface with a plurality of pressure ports and a plurality of fluid evacuation ports on the surface, a supply system with a pressure supply connected to the plurality of pressure ports on the surface and configured to supply pressure at a substantially constant level and cause a fluid to flow out of the plurality of pressure ports, so as to support a workpiece by fluid-bearing formed under the workpiece, and at least one flowmeter, coupled to a controller and configured to measure the flowrate at the surface, wherein the workpiece is determined to be warped when the measured flowrate is outside a predefined flowrate range.

Abstract: Methods and systems for determination of warpage in a workpiece supported by a non-contact support platform, including a surface with a plurality of pressure ports and a plurality of fluid evacuation ports on the surface, a supply system with a pressure supply connected to the plurality of pressure ports on the surface and configured to supply pressure at a substantially constant level and cause a fluid to flow out of the plurality of pressure ports, so as to support a workpiece by fluid-bearing formed under the workpiece, and at least one flowmeter, coupled to a controller and configured to measure the flowrate at the surface, wherein the workpiece is determined to be warped when the measured flowrate is outside a predefined flowrate range.

Abstract: A non-contact support platform with open-loop control, including: a surface, to support a workpiece by fluid-bearing of fluid flowing through a plurality of nozzles, a supply system, connected to the surface and configured to maintain the fluid-bearing by applying pressure to cause flow of the fluid out of a subset of the plurality of nozzles, and a controller, to control fluid flow in the supply system with an open-loop circuit to support the workpiece while it moves over the non-contact support platform, wherein the fluid flow is controlled based on at least parameter of a group of workpiece parameters consisting of a position of the workpiece, dimenions of the workpiece and a velocity of the workpiece while supported by the surface.

Abstract: A noncontact support platform system is configured to support a workpiece and includes pressure ports and vacuum ports that are interspersed on a top surface of a table. The ports are arranged along columns such that a pressure port alternates with a vacuum port along each column. The columns include at least one longitudinal column that is oriented substantially parallel to a direction of motion of the workpiece. Mutually parallel rotated columns are each oriented at an oblique angle to the direction of motion. At least one transition column is located between a longitudinal column and its proximal rotated column and has an orientation that is intermediate between the two columns that are adjacent to that transition column. Each vacuum port and pressure port is located at an intersection of a column with a row that is oriented substantially perpendicular to the direction of motion.

Abstract: A noncontact support platform system is configured to support a workpiece and includes pressure ports and vacuum ports that are interspersed on a top surface of a table. The ports are arranged along columns such that a pressure port alternates with a vacuum port along each column. The columns include at least one longitudinal column that is oriented substantially parallel to a direction of motion of the workpiece. Mutually parallel rotated columns are each oriented at an oblique angle to the direction of motion. At least one transition column is located between a longitudinal column and its proximal rotated column and has an orientation that is intermediate between the two columns that are adjacent to that transition column. Each vacuum port and pressure port is located at an intersection of a column with a row that is oriented substantially perpendicular to the direction of motion.

Abstract: A noncontact support platform includes pressure ports distributed on a surface of a table, each connected to a pressure source. Vacuum ports are distributed on the surface of the table, each connected to a vacuum source. Outward flow through the pressure ports and inward flow through the vacuum ports form a fluid cushion to support a workpiece at a nonzero distance from the table. A plurality of channels each connect at least two of the vacuum ports to enable flow of fluid between the connected vacuum ports. When one of the connected vacuum ports is covered by an edge of the workpiece and the other is not, a suction force that is exerted by the connected vacuum ports on the edge is weaker than the suction force that is exerted on a part of the workpiece where both of the connected vacuum ports are covered.

Abstract: A noncontact support system includes a table with a port layer having a pattern of interspersed pressure ports and vacuum ports. A pressure conduit layer includes a grid pattern of pressure conduits, connectable to a pressure source, each of the pressure ports being located on an axis passing through an intersection of at least two of the pressure conduits and substantially orthogonal to the grid pattern of pressure conduits. A vacuum conduit layer includes a grid pattern of vacuum conduits, connectable to a suction source, each of the vacuum ports being located on an axis passing through an intersection of at least two of the vacuum conduits and substantially orthogonal to the grid pattern of vacuum conduits. The grid pattern of vacuum conduits is laterally offset from the grid pattern of pressure conduits such that each intersection of pressure conduits is laterally offset from all intersections of the vacuum conduits.

Abstract: A noncontact support platform includes a plurality of pressure nozzles on an outer surface of a PV stage of the noncontact support platform. The pressure nozzles connected to a pressure source for creating an outflow of fluid through the pressure nozzles. A plurality of vacuum nozzles are interspersed with the pressure nozzles on the outer surface and are connected to a vacuum manifold via one or a plurality of hoses to create an inflow of the fluid through the vacuum nozzles. At least one flowmeter is configured to generate a signal that is indicative of a measured inflow via at least one hose of the hoses. A controller is configured to analyze the signal to determine whether the measured inflow is indicative of blockage of a vacuum nozzle and to generate a response when blockage is indicated.

Abstract: A noncontact support platform includes pressure ports distributed on a surface of a table, each connected to a pressure source. Vacuum ports are distributed on the surface of the table, each connected to a vacuum source. Outward flow through the pressure ports and inward flow through the vacuum ports form a fluid cushion to support a workpiece at a nonzero distance from the table. A plurality of channels each connect at least two of the vacuum ports to enable flow of fluid between the connected vacuum ports. When one of the connected vacuum ports is covered by an edge of the workpiece and the other is not, a suction force that is exerted by the connected vacuum ports on the edge is weaker than the suction force that is exerted on a part of the workpiece where both of the connected vacuum ports are covered.

Abstract: A noncontact support system includes a table with a port layer having a pattern of interspersed pressure ports and vacuum ports. A pressure conduit layer includes a grid pattern of pressure conduits, connectable to a pressure source, each of the pressure ports being located on an axis passing through an intersection of at least two of the pressure conduits and substantially orthogonal to the grid pattern of pressure conduits. A vacuum conduit layer includes a grid pattern of vacuum conduits, connectable to a suction source, each of the vacuum ports being located on an axis passing through an intersection of at least two of the vacuum conduits and substantially orthogonal to the grid pattern of vacuum conduits. The grid pattern of vacuum conduits is laterally offset from the grid pattern of pressure conduits such that each intersection of pressure conduits is laterally offset from all intersections of the vacuum conduits.

Abstract: A vacuum wheel for transporting a substrate includes a fixed conduit that is connectable to a suction source. A vacuum surface on a circumference of the vacuum wheel includes vacuum openings that are distributed around the circumference, such that rotation of the wheel causes the vacuum openings to successively fluidically connect to the fixed conduit. When suction is applied to the fixed conduit, suction is applied to one or more of the vacuum openings that are currently fluidically connected to the fixed conduit. At least one contact surface on the circumference of the vacuum wheel is adjacent to, and extends outward beyond, the vacuum surface. When suction is applied to the vacuum openings, the substrate is drawn toward the vacuum surface so as to contact the contact surface without contacting the vacuum surface, creating a friction force that enables transport of the substrate when the wheel rotates.