Abstract: Provided is a lens shading correction device and method in an image sensor. The device comprises a brightness weight storage unit, an input image divider, and an input image brightness correction unit. The brightness weight storage unit stores a brightness weight for allowing one of representative brightness values to be a representative brightness value of a reference image block having a maximal representative brightness value. The input image divider blocks and divides an input image into input image blocks. The input image brightness correction unit corrects a brightness of the input image by multiplying brightness of input pixels by brightness weights.

Abstract: An apparatus for decoding audio data that is capable of reducing the amount of calculations that are performed during the arithmetic decoding of an audio signal coded by bit sliced arithmetic coding (BSAC) to improve the performance of a decoder and a method thereof are provided.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are described for providing a virtual keyboard. In one aspect, an apparatus for providing a virtual keyboard to be displayed on a touch screen is described. The apparatus includes a memory unit that includes a data repository to store data comprising at least one virtual keyboard configuration information to configure at least one corresponding virtual keyboard. The apparatus includes a processing module to select from the data stored in the data repository a given virtual keyboard configuration information to select a corresponding virtual keyboard to configure; configure the selected virtual keyboard to have a fan-like shape with multiple keys of the virtual keyboard arranged along an outline of an arc in a fan-shaped region based on the selected virtual keyboard configuration information; and instruct a touch screen module to display the configured virtual keyboard on a display region of a touch screen.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a quantization method and apparatus of an audio encoder. The quantization method comprises calculating an absolute value of a maximum frequency spectrum of a first frame, externally received, by analyzing frequency spectrum data of the first frame, setting an initial value of a common scale factor to be used to quantize the first frame based on the absolute value of the maximum frequency spectrum of the first frame and an absolute value of a maximum frequency spectrum of a second frame, which has previously been calculated, and quantizing the frequency spectrum data of the first frame based on the set initial value of the common scale factor. Accordingly, before quantization is performed, an initial value of a common scale factor which is almost close to a value of an actual common scale factor can be previously set.

Abstract: Techniques, apparatus and computer readable storage media are described for encoding images in a video. In one aspect, a method performed by an encoding device to encode a video is described. The method includes sequentially performing a motion estimation operation and an encoding operation, which includes determining an operation mode of the motion estimation operation based on a quantity of calculations for the encoding operation. Sequentially performing a motion estimation operation and an encoding operation include performing the motion estimation operation with respect to an image of the video based on the determined operation mode. Additionally, sequentially performing a motion estimation operation and an encoding operation includes performing the encoding operation based on a result of the motion estimation operation.

Abstract: Techniques, apparatus and systems are described for performing variable length decoding. In one aspect, a variable length decoding apparatus includes a first computation unit to determine whether a symbol corresponding to an input data is included in an upper group or a lower group of a variable length code tree. Responsive to the determination, when the symbol corresponding to the input data is included in the lower group, the first computation unit detects look-up table information corresponding to a subgroup that includes the symbol corresponding to the input data within the lower group that includes multiple subgroups. The variable length decoding apparatus includes a second computation unit to detect the symbol corresponding to the input data by searching a look-up table corresponding to the look-up table information when the look-up table information is received from the first computation unit.

Abstract: According to the described techniques, apparatus and systems, a multimedia data processing device can include an input unit to receive media data from input devices. A data compression and information generating unit can compress the received media data and generate information based on the received media data. A buffer can temporarily store the compressed media data and generated information received from the data compression and information generating unit as a packet that includes a data packet and an information packet; output the temporarily stored media data packet and the information packet to be stored in an external storage device; and store a file offset that identifies a location of the information packet stored in the external storage device. A file format generating unit can generate a media data file format based on the information packet stored in the external storage device identified by the file offset stored in the buffer.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for sharing a memory of a multi-codec. For each of a plurality of codecs, the method and apparatus cluster a variable length code tree into a plurality of groups whereby a level difference between symbols in each group of the plurality of groups is less than a predetermined value, wherein the variable length code tree corresponds to at least one of variable length code tables for each of the plurality of codecs, refer to maximum levels of the symbols in each group of the plurality of groups, and determine a storage capacity of an internal memory shared between the variable length code tables for the plurality of codecs.

Abstract: A device for adjusting the exposure of an image sensor includes an average luminance value calculation unit, a first exposure control unit and a correction exposure value calculation unit. The average luminance value calculation unit calculates the first total average luminance value of pixels that are output from the image sensor. The first exposure control unit controls the exposure value of the image sensor based on a previously set exposure value. The correction exposure value calculation unit calculates a correction exposure value by multiplying the exposure value, which is previously set on the first exposure control unit, by the ratio of a target luminance value to the first total average luminance value. Additionally, the first exposure control unit receives the correction exposure value from the correction exposure value calculation unit and controls the exposure value of the image sensor based on the correction exposure value.

Abstract: Techniques, apparatus and system for correcting moving image wavering are disclosed. An apparatus includes a selecting unit to select at least one reference macroblock from an input image of a first frame and to select at least one search area from an input image of a second frame. The selected at least one search area corresponds to the at least one reference macroblock. The apparatus includes an operating unit to communicate with the selecting unit and to perform a statistical operation by matching the at least one reference macroblock of the first frame to each of search blocks included in the at least one search area of the second frame. The apparatus comprises a vector calculating unit to communicate with the operating unit and to calculate a motion vector to correct an output image of the second frame based on a resultant value of the statistical operation.

Abstract: Provided are a high-performance, real-time image presentation method and apparatus for a 3-dimensional (3D) navigation system that may be used in a mobile environment since a small amount of data and a simple algorithm are used, and a mobile device including the image presentation apparatus. The image presentation method includes: loading two-dimensional (2D) map data and pattern control map (PCM) data; analyzing the 2D map data; generating 3D image data on a region that is analyzed as requiring 3D images in the analyzing of the 2D map data, based on the PCM data; and displaying 3D images on a display based on the 2D map data and the 3D image data.

Abstract: Techniques, apparatus and systems for image decoding are described. A method performed by an image decoding apparatus includes generating motion compensation information and a quantized result of an error image that represents a difference between a current image to be decoded and a prediction image obtained by performing inter prediction on the current image from a bitstream of the current image. A reference image of the current image is received from an external memory unit based on the generated motion compensation information. The method includes restoring the current image based on the received reference image of the current image and the generated quantized result of the error image representing the difference between the current image and the prediction image. Receiving the reference image of the current image is performed while restoring a previous image, and restoring the current image is performed while receiving a reference image of a subsequent image.

Abstract: Provided are a universal blind mode detector capable of universally detecting not only various orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) communication services but also non-OFDM communication services, and a fast Fourier transform (FFT) mode detector, a guard mode detector, and a memory sharing structure of the universal blind mode detector, and a method of detecting a universal blind mode. The universal blind mode detector includes a radio frequency (RF) tuner converting a received signal into a baseband frequency signal, an automatic gain control (AGC) unit which is connected to the RF tuner and determines existence of a communication service by referring to a received signal strength indication (RSSI), a communication service mode detection unit determining of which scheme a communication service mode signal is if the AGC unit determines that there is the communication service, and detecting the communication service mode signal, and a channel decoding unit detecting the detected signal.

Abstract: Techniques, apparatus and systems are described for selecting the recommended image among sequentially captured images. In aspect, a method of selecting the recommended image includes measuring a brightness value and a sharpness value for each of sequentially captured images. The measured brightness and sharpness values are combined for each image to obtain a combined value for each image. The recommended image is selected from among the sequentially captured images based on the obtained combined values.

Abstract: Techniques, apparatus, and systems are described for providing an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) receiving apparatus. An orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) receiving apparatus includes a fast Fourier transform (FFT) start point estimating unit to detect a minimum symbol interference point of a received OFDM signal and identify a FFT start point. The apparatus includes a FFT operation performing unit to communicate with the FFT start point estimating unit and to perform a FFT operation at the FFT start point identified by the FFT start point estimating unit. The apparatus includes a phase modifying unit to communicate with the FFT start point estimating unit and to modify a phase of an output of the FFT operation performing unit. Also, the apparatus includes a decoding unit to communicate with the FFT operation performing unit and to decode the phase modified output of the FFT operation performing unit.

Abstract: Disclosed are an adder for obtaining a maximum accumulated value of correlation for mode detection in a communication system, and an adding method using the adder. According to the present disclosure, an adder for obtaining a maximum accumulated value of correlation values used to detect a mode in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system, includes one or more adding logic circuits for adding input values constituting the correlation values to stored values and outputting accumulated values, by using one or more memories; and one or more controllers for, if one of the accumulated values stored in the memories is greater than a predetermined value, shifting all of the accumulated values and the input values of the memories in a direction for decreasing the accumulated values and transmitting the shifted accumulated values and the input values to the adding logic circuits.

Abstract: Techniques, apparatus and system for processing 3D graphics are provided. A graphics processor includes a fixed pipeline code generator to convert an application programming interface (API) supporting a fixed pipeline into first microcodes, a shader pipeline code generator to convert an API supporting a programmable pipeline into second microcodes, and a shader pipeline to process the first or second microcodes by using a shader program.

Abstract: Techniques, systems and apparatus are described for tracking a satellite signal. In one aspect, an apparatus includes a tracking module to generate a satellite-based measurement result by tracking a satellite signal received from a satellite. The tracking module includes sub-tracking modules with each sub-tracking module configured to generate the satellite-based measurement result by using a different integral time.

Abstract: A correlation apparatus for tracking a satellite signal includes a shifter, a multiplexer and an accumulator. The shifter generates generating a Prompt signal, a plurality of Early signals and a plurality of Late signals. The multiplexer outputs at least one of the plurality of Early signals and at least one of the plurality of Late signals. The accumulator acquires a correlation signal to tracking the satellite signal.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for processing a signal using a single correlator are provided. The apparatus may include a first storage unit storing satellite signal samples, a correlator receiving the satellite signal samples stored in the first storage unit in units of at least two satellite signal samples and performing correlation, and a controller storing the satellite signal samples received from an RF terminal in the first storage unit and controlling the correlator based on a predetermined control value. Accordingly, it is possible to ensure speed and performance even when tracking a plurality of satellite signals using a single correlator.