Abstract: A battery system includes a lithium ion battery that couples to an electrical system. The battery system also includes a battery management system that electrically couples to the lithium ion battery and controls one or more recharge parameters of the lithium ion battery. Additionally, the battery management system monitors one or more parameters of the lithium ion battery. Further, the battery management system controls the recharge parameters of the lithium ion battery based on at least one lithium plating model and the monitored parameters. Furthermore, the at least one lithium plating model indicates a relationship between the one or more parameters of the lithium ion battery and a likelihood of lithium plating occurring in the lithium ion battery.

Abstract: A lead-acid battery is disclosed. The lead-acid storage battery has a container with a cover, the container including one or more compartments. One or more cell elements are provided in the one or more compartments. The one or more cell elements include a positive plate, the positive plate having a positive grid and a positive electrochemically active material on the positive grid; a negative plate, the negative plate having a negative grid and a negative electrochemically active material on the negative grid, wherein the negative electrochemically active material comprises barium sulfate and an organic expander; and a separator between the positive plate and the negative plate. Electrolyte is provided within the container. One or more terminal posts extend from the cover and are electrically coupled to the one or more cell elements.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods by which lead from spent lead-acid batteries may be extracted, purified, and used in the construction of new lead-acid batteries. A method includes: (A) forming a mixture including a carboxylate source and a lead-bearing material; (B) generating a first lead salt precipitate in the mixture as the carboxylate source reacts with the lead-bearing material; (C) increasing the pH of the mixture to dissolve the first lead salt precipitate; (D) isolating a liquid component of the mixture from one or more insoluble components of the mixture; (E) decreasing the pH of the liquid component of the mixture to generate a second lead salt precipitate; and (F) isolating the second lead salt precipitate from the liquid component of the mixture. Thereafter, the isolated lead salt precipitate may be converted to leady oxide for use in the manufacture of new lead-acid batteries.

Abstract: A battery and straps for a battery are disclosed. The battery according to various embodiments comprises a number of straps which connect a number of battery cells in series. The battery straps may pass through cutouts provided in a cell divider wall. The cutouts and straps may define a common headspace. The battery may have five connecting straps and two end straps.

Abstract: A blended expander formula for use in the preparation of lead acid battery electrodes is disclosed. The mixture comprises fine particle barium sulfate, a first oxylignin, a second oxylignin, and a carbonaceous material. A method, a negative paste, and a negative electrode including the blended expander mixture are also disclosed. A lead-acid absorbent glass mat battery is further disclosed.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a battery test system for a vehicle that includes a camera configured to capture an image of a vehicle identification number located on the vehicle, the camera being coupled to a processor which determines characters of the vehicle identification number from the image of the camera and correlates the characters of the vehicle identification number to a vehicle identification number database to receive battery parameters for the vehicle, a battery tester that is removably connected to terminals of a battery of the vehicle and configured to receive battery test results, and a display which conveys information relating to the battery parameters and the battery test results.

Abstract: A battery system includes a lithium ion battery configured to couple to an electrical system, and a battery management system configured to electrically couple to the lithium ion battery and to control one or more recharge parameters of the lithium ion battery. The battery management system is programmed with an electrochemical model, and the battery management system is configured to monitor parameters of the lithium ion battery, and to control the one or more recharge parameters of the lithium ion battery based on the electrochemical model and the one or more monitored parameters. The electrochemical model determines lithium plating reaction kinetics at an anode of the lithium ion battery, determines a quantity of plated lithium at the anode of the lithium ion battery, or both, and indicates a relationship between the one or more monitored parameters and the lithium plating reaction kinetics, the quantity of plated lithium, or both.

Abstract: A mounting clip for a battery housing is provided. The mounting clip includes a support structure including a recess extending partially into the support structure, wherein the recess is configured to receive a printed circuit board and the recess is configured to enable the printed circuit board to move within the recess to dampen loading.

Abstract: A battery module includes a housing, a plurality of battery cells disposed in the housing, and a printed circuit board (PCB) assembly disposed in the housing. The PCB assembly includes a PCB and a shunt disposed across a first surface of the PCB. A second surface of the shunt directly contacts the first surface of the PCB, and the shunt is electrically coupled between the battery cells and a terminal of the battery module.

Abstract: Disclosed is a battery comprising a cover; a housing having a base, two side walls, and two end walls; a cell wall spanning between the first and second side walls defining two cells; a battery element provided within a cell, the battery element having a bottom; an element bottom gap, the element bottom gap defined in a first and second dimension by the cell width and length, and a third dimension by the distance between the base and bottom of the battery element.

Abstract: Disclosed is a non-lead conductive cap for a battery terminal and battery. The battery may comprise a battery housing and a positive and negative terminal, the positive and negative terminal being accessible through the battery housing; wherein the positive and negative terminal further comprise an electrically conductive cap mounted on both the positive and negative terminal, wherein the electrically conductive cap does not comprise lead.

Abstract: A battery housing for a battery module is disclosed. The battery housing has a plurality of exterior walls surrounding a base forming an internal section which is configured to receive one or more battery cells. The internal section has a bottom surface. A heat sink is joined to the bottom surface of the battery housing by a plastic deformation of a portion of the housing. A cover encloses the internal section of the battery housing. A battery module and a method of installation of a heat sink in a battery housing are also disclosed.

Abstract: A battery module that includes a stack of battery cells is disclosed, each battery cell of the battery module has a terminal, and the terminal has a first alloy of a metal, the battery module has a bus bar that includes a body having a nickel plating on at least a portion of the body, and an indentation disposed on the body, where a thickness of the nickel plating is between 0.2% and 20% of an overall thickness of the body, a weld physically and electrically couples the terminal to the bus bar, and the nickel plating enables the weld to be stronger than a weld between the first and second alloys.

Abstract: Systems and methods for improving operation of an automotive battery system including an automotive electrical system comprising a battery system that uses operational parameters, predicted internal resistance of a battery expected over a prediction horizon, and real-time internal resistance of a battery to increase performance and reliability. The battery system includes a battery electrically coupled to electrical devices in the automotive system, sensors coupled to the battery that determine terminal voltage of battery, and a battery control system communicatively coupled to sensors.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a battery system, comprising: a battery module comprising a housing; a battery terminal disposed on a first side of the housing of the battery module; and a cover disposed on the housing, wherein the cover comprises a battery terminal cover extending from the cover and configured to adjust between a first position and a second position, wherein the battery terminal cover, in the first position, is configured to at least partially shroud the battery terminal, and wherein the battery terminal cover, in the second position, is configured to expose the battery terminal.

Abstract: A bus bar including a first end comprising a first material and a second end comprising a second material and a method of manufacture are provided. The first end is designed to be coupled to a terminal of a first battery cell of a battery module and includes a first collar disposed on the first end designed to receive and surround the terminal of the first battery cell of the battery module. The second end is designed to be coupled to a terminal of a second battery cell of the battery module and includes a second collar disposed on the second end designed to receive and surround the terminal of the second battery of the battery module. The first and second batteries of the battery module are adjacent to one another. Moreover, the bus bar includes a joint electrically and mechanically coupling the first end and the second end.