Abstract: A filter-press type electrolyzer equipped with electrodes consisting of solid metal plates (2), called "plate electrodes", and of latticed or perforated plates (5, 6), called "pre-electrodes", parallel to the plate electrodes and separated from the latter by bracing tongues (7), the pre-electrodes enclosing a diaphragm (4) for each cell.The pre-electrodes are equipped with solid strips (61, 62, 63), which are all parallel to one another and parallel to the welding direction; each bracing tongue (72) has the shape of an S and is welded to the associated pre-electrode on a solid strip (62) of the latter and to the associated plate electrode, so as to leave a slight gap (J) from the tongue (71), located in quasi-continuous manner on the opposite face of said plate electrode, and the bracing tongues are placed in a staggered arrangement, as viewed in a plane parallel to the electrodes.

Abstract: Apparatus for conveying cylindrical objects such as ammunition by means of a series of separate seating plates driven to rotate in synchronism, associated with two guiding members separated by a distance at least equal to the diameter of the objects, the whole forming a guideway for advancing objects by successive displacements. The advancing guideway is constituted, in succession, by an upstream guideway (1), an intermediate guideway (2) and a downstream guideway (3), and the intermediate guideway (2) is constituted by one part of a magazine (20) the other part of which is constituted by an additional guideway (2') which closes at its two ends on the intermediate guideway (2) so as to form a closed guideway associated with a series of seating plates forming a closed chain with the plates of the intermediate guideway.

Abstract: A hollow blank, preferably of steel, for continuously casting by pouring molten metal into a continuous casting mold, withdrawing a shell containing liquid metal continuously from the lower end of the mold, directing the shell along a curved path, rotating the liquid metal in the mold, rotating the liquid metal in the shell at a location spaced from the mold to form a hollow in the liquid metal, and allowing the metal to solidify against the inside of the metal shell in the region of the hollow, to form a hollow metal blank. The blank thus formed can be straight or curved, and is cut off after the final solidification. An apparatus for forming the blank is disclosed and the blank thus formed has unique good quality surface characterictics free of dendrites.

Abstract: Cement clinker is produced in that raw cement powder is preheated in a suspension-type heat exchanger and is de-acidified in a fluidized bed and clinkered in a rotary kiln, and the clinker is subsequently cooled. A de-acidification of at least 95% is effected at a temperature above 850.degree. C. in a circulation system comprising a fluidized bed reactor, a cyclone separator and a recycling duct. The carbonaceous fuel required for the calcining and clinkering processes is fed in an amount of at least 65% (related to the total heat requirement) to the de-acidifying fluidized bed reactor and in an amount of at least 10% (related to the total heat requirement) to the clinkering rotary kiln.The fuel supplied to the de-acidifying fluidizing bed reactor is burnt near stoichiometrically in two stages with fluidizing gas and secondary gas. The ratios of the rates and volumes of fluidizing gas to secondary gas are so selected that a mean suspension density of 100 to 300 kg/m.sup.

Abstract: Heating equipment for supplying steam and heated gas, including a combustion chamber from which come flue gases which flow through an enclosure, heating on the way at least one bundle of tubes in which water flows and gives off steam, and which further includes at least one bundle of tubes traversed by a gas and located in the enclosure so as to be heated by the flue gases from the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A device for supply or discharge of electrolyte for an electrolyzer of filterpress type has several compartments fed through channels (3) which open out into a common tranquilization chamber (4) of thin cross-section, which in turn is fed with electrolyte by way of a duct twisted, for example, into a spiral (51) of small cross-section.

Abstract: Cement clinker is produced in that raw cement powder is preheated in a suspension-type heat exchanger and is de-acidified in a precalcining apparatus and clinkered in a fluidized bed and the clinker is subsequently cooled. An de-acidification of at least 95% is effected at a temperature above 85.degree. C. in a circulation system comprising a fluidized bed reactor, a cyclone separator and a recycling duct. The carbonaceous fuel required for the calcining and clinkering processes is fed in an amount of at least 65% (related to the total heat requirement) to the de-acidifying fluidized bed reactor and in an amount of at least 10% (related to the total heat requirement) to the clinkering fluidized bed reactor. The fuel supplied to the fluidizing bed reactor is burnt near stoichiometrically in two stages with fluidizing gas and secondary gas. The ratios of the rates and volumes of fluidizing gas to secondary gas are so selected that a means suspension density of 100 to 300 kg/m.sup.

Abstract: An electrolyzer cell of the filter-press type intended to operate under high pressure and at high temperature is constructed of spacing frames (4) for supporting and joining the electrodes and the diaphrams (1). Each frame is constituted by several portions (41 to 44), each held at a fixed point (61 to 64) and slidingly joined to one another.

Abstract: In a telescopic crane comprising a telescopic shaft and a variable length boom pivotally mounted on the end of the shaft, the position of the boom relative to the shaft is controlled by a jack pivotally connected at one end to the shaft and at the other end to one end of a mast, the other end of the mast being connected to the boom, and ties connect the one end of the mast to the boom outwardly of the connection of the boom to the other end of the mask.

Abstract: The invention is directed to the production of non-fragile shaped members from powders comprising spheroidal metal particles.For this purpose, the invention provides a process for the production of shaped parts from powders comprising spheroidal metal particles which are mixed with from 0.2% to 2% of lubricant, comprising the combination of the following successive steps, performed in the below-indicated order:(a) mixing the powder formed by spheroidal metal particles with an amount of water-soluble cellulose gum between 0.2% and 2%, and with an amount of water which is also between 0.2% and 2%;(b) a cold compacting operation;(c) an optional oven drying operation;(d) a two-phase sintering operation, in an atmosphere which is neutral or reducing with respect to the compacted powder, the first phase being effected at a temperature of from 300.degree. to 500.degree. C. and the second phase being effected at a temperature which is substantially higher and variable with the nature of the powder.

Abstract: Tuyere for the processing of metals in the liquid, solid or pasty state, and capable of introducing simultaneously and separately a gas and a powdered material. The tuyere comprises at least two well-centered concentric tubes, the gas being introduced into a non-external tube, and the powdered and compressed material being introduced into another tube, which is lubricated on its inner wall by a film of a lubricating substance introduced through a slot formed therein. The outer tube is traversed by an agent protecting the tuyere against its hot wear.

Abstract: Electrolysis return circuit for an electrolysis installation, e.g. for electrolysis of pressurized water.Passage is provided from the anolyte outlet (1) to the anolyte inlet (3) via a direct transfer circuit (9) equipped with a crude degasser (10) and transferring the portion ##EQU1## of the anolyte flow A, C being the catholyte flow, and via a circuit (7) equipped with a thorough degasser (8) and transferring, from the catholyte outlet (2) a flow ##EQU2## and vice versa to pass from the catholyte outlet (2) to the catholyte inlet (4).

Abstract: A unit for diversion of a gas which may be hot, dust-laden, saturated with water vapor and containing water droplets, e.g.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for manufacturing cement clinker in which pellets of raw material containing the necessary components for manufacturing the clinker are introduced into an apparatus where the pellets flow under gravity, successively through a preheating zone, a clinkering zone using a fluidized bed and a cooling zone. The pellets contain an amount of comminuted carbon determined so that its combustion produces an amount of heat within each pellet sufficient to carry out decarbonation of the material, taking into account the heat introduced by the hot gases passing upwardly through the apparatus. Decarbonation is completed at the base of the preheating zone and the pellets enter the clinkering zone at a temperature which is close to the clinkering temperature. Additional heat is supplied through burners within the clinkering zone.

Abstract: The electrolytic apparatus includes at least one set of cells housed in a stack of annular spacer frames, annular bearing surfaces of which indicate joint planes extending to the exterior of the stack of frames, and each equipped with electrode plates and a diaphragm which forms compartments containing each an electrolyte under pressure brought through at least one supply channel, the gases formed by electrolysis being discharged towards channels, and it is essentially characterized by the fact that with each joint plane extending to the exterior of the stack of frames there is associated at least one annular collector groove arranged in a bearing surface of a frame and associated with discharge means capable of discharging the electrolyte flowing through the said joint plane. The electrodes are bipolar and arranged with a structure reminiscent of the structure of a filterpress.

Abstract: A process for the chromization by gas of steels containing more than 0.2% of carbon, consisting of three successive treatments, the chromization treatment proper employing a cement having a ferrochrome base containing between 1% and 3% of carbon, and preferably 2%. The process is particularly useful in the chromization of structural and tool steels.

Abstract: The invention relates to the cooling and purification of exit gases from an electrolysis installation, such as an installation for electrolysis of water under pressure. Above each degasser (7) is placed a chamber (1) containing a volume (3) of pure water, cooled by a cooling circuit (2). The gas bubbles are led into the chamber (1) by conduit (5), traverse the volume of pure cooled water (3) and leave purified by way of upper outlet (4). The invention finds use in the industrial production of hydrogen and oxygen by electrolysis of water.

Abstract: A mechanism for lifting a platform while maintaining it substantially parallel to a mobile support member, and for simultaneously moving it horizontally with respect to the support member. The mechanism includes scissor elements each having limbs comprising three nesting telescopic elements. The largest diameter element of each set is attached to the support member, while the medial elements of the several sets are connected with each other. The limbs are separately adjustable, so that the platform is movable along selectable vectors.

Abstract: A reciprocating pump comprising several pumping volumes formed by cylinders fixed to a frame in an axial piston arrangement, and by pistons capable of sliding in the cylinders under the action of a driving mechanism, and including a ducting assembly conveying the liquid to be displaced from a general intake conduit to the pumping volumes, through intake valves, and from the pumping volumes to a general delivery conduit, through delivery valves. The ducting assembly comprises both a central cylinder head through which passes a central distribution channel connected to the general intake conduit and supplying off-take passages which radiate around it to the side bearing surfaces, and side cylinder heads through which run passages conveying the liquid.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method of introducing refining gas and stirring gas into metal refining converters, and more particularly into converters in steelworks.To achieve this, the subject of the present invention is a method of blowing oxidizing gases, particularly pure oxygen, to refine metals, and more particularly to refine pig iron into steel, in a converter, by means on the one hand of a lance blowing from top to bottom, and on the other hand by protected tuyeres blowing, vertically or obliquely, from bottom to top, and characterized in that the amount of oxygen blown from bottom to top by the tuyeres is between 3% and 25% of the total amount of oxygen necessary to refine the metal bath, in that this oxygen is blown from bottom to top with a practically constant flow or a decreasing flow, i.e.