Abstract: This invention relates to drilling fluids, to drilling lubricants for such drilling fluids and to methods of drilling wells, particularly oil and/or gas wells using such drilling fluids. In particular, the invention relates to the inclusion of lubricants which afford lubrication in drilling fluids in which the lubricant compatibility and/or performance may be adversely affected by other components of the drilling fluid, particularly divalent cations such as calcium, formate salts or highly alkaline components such as alkali silicate.

Abstract: A dispersion containing zinc oxide particles having a dispersion particle size of (i) median volume particle diameter in the range from 70 to 130 nm, (ii) less than 16% by volume of particles having a volume diameter of less than 35 nm below the median volume particle diameter, and (iii) more than 84% by volume of particles having a volume diameter of less than 57 nm above the median volume particle diameter. The zinc oxide dispersion can be used in a sunscreen product that exhibits both effective UV protection and improved transparency. The zinc oxide is particularly suitable for use in combination with transparent titanium dioxide.

Abstract: This invention relates to drilling fluids, to drilling lubricants for such drilling fluids and to methods of drilling wells, particularly oil and/or gas wells using such drilling fluids. In particular, the invention relates to the inclusion of lubricants which afford lubrication in drilling fluids in which the lubricant compatibility and/or performance may be adversely affected by other components of the drilling fluid, particularly divalent cations such as calcium, formate salts or highly alkaline components such as alkali silicate.

Abstract: A lubricant composition for metal forming and cutting has at least one compound of the formula (I): R1—(AO)n—OOC—(CH2)m—Ph—(R2)p where R1 is a C1 to C15 alkyl group AO is an alkyleneoxy group which may vary along the (poly) alkylenoxy chain; n is 0 or from 1 to 100; m is 0, 1 or 2; and Ph is a phenly group, which may be substituted with groups (R2)p; where each R2 is independently an alkyl, halogen, haloalky or alkoxy group; and p is 0 or from 1 to 3. The lubricant composition also includes at least one lubricant additive selected from the group consisting of an organic ester additive, a polyalkylene glycol additive, a sulphur-containing synthetic additive, a sulphur-containing oleochemical additive, a suiphonate, a phosphorus-containing additive and a chlorinated paraffin additive. Also described are a method of using the lubricant composition in metal forming and cutting applications and the use of the lubricant composition in metal forming and cutting applications.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hair fixative composition comprising a canonically modified hydrolyzed starch and especially canonically modified hydrolysed starches, hydrolysed to the extend of having a dextrose equivalent of 1 to 6.

Abstract: Petroleum additive formulations include a petroleum additive dissolved in a carrier fluid including at least one compound of the formula (I): (R2)p-Ph-(CH2)m—COO—(AO)n—R1 where; R1 is C1 to C10 alkyl; AO is alkyleneoxy; n is 0 or from 1 to 100; m is 0, 1 or 2; and Ph is a phenyl group, which may be substituted with groups (R2)p; where each R2 is independently C1 to C4 alkyl or alkoxy; and p is 0, 1 or 2. Further, crude petroleum or petroleum refinery streams can be treated by adding a petroleum additive dissolved in a carrier fluid of the formula (I) to the product stream. Desirably the carrier fluid is or includes iso-propyl benzoate and/or 2-ethyl hexyl benzoate.

Abstract: A particulate metal oxide having the mean length of the primary particles in the range from 50 to 90 nm, the mean width of the primary particles in the range from 5 to 20 nm, and the median volume particle diameter of the secondary particles is less than 45 nm. The metal oxide can be used in a sunscreen product that exhibits both effective UV protection and improved transparency.

Abstract: Use of a compound of general formula (1) as a slip agent in a PET polymer, wherein: R and R1 represent hydrocarbon moieties, each hydrocarbon moiety comprising 6 to 24 carbon atoms and wherein R and/or R1 may be linear, branched chain, saturated or contain one or more double a bonds; X represents one of the moieties (a), wherein A represents a hydrocarbon moiety comprising 2 to 36 carbon atoms and may be linear, branched chain, saturated or contain one or more double bonds.

Abstract: The present invention ralates to compounds of formula (I): wherein R is hydrogen (H) or C1-6 alkyl; and X is defined such that —NH—(X)—COOH is the residue of an amino acid, which amino acid may itself optionally be substituted at any pendant amino group thereof by a residue of a carboxylic acid or a derivative thereof; or a salt thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a nervonic acid derivatives of formula (I) CH3—(CH2)7—CH═CH—(CH2)13—C(O)—O—(CH2)3—OR  (I) wherein R is hydrogen (H) or a residue of a carboxylic acid; or a salt of the compound where R is H; or a bioprecursor, prodrug thereof. Those compounds wherein R is other than H have pharmacological activity, in particular anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. Those compounds wherein R is H can be used to prepare the pharmacologically active derivatives.

Abstract: A process for recovering 18-methyl eicosanoic acid (18-MEA) and/or alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs) from woolwax acids or derivatives thereof comprises the steps of heating the woolwax acids or derivatives thereof to 100 to 230° C. to form estolides and polymeric species; distilling to obtain a distillate (D1) and a residue (R1); and recovering 18-MEA from the distillate and/or recovering AHAs from the residue.

Abstract: A composition comprising in the range of from 1 to 20% by weight of the total composition of an oil extracted from the seeds of Borignaceae, particularly E, plantagineum, has particular advantages over oils extracted from other seeds. The oil comprises in the range of from 5 to at least 20% stearidonic acid triglyceride and 80 or less to 95% other fatty acid triglycerides, by weight of the total fatty acids in the oil extract, which stearidonic acid or other fatty acid(s) may optionally have been converted to a derivative thereof, and optionally a physiologically acceptable carrier therefor. The compositions are particularly suited for oral or topical administration and are for dietary, cosmetic, pharmaceutical and healthcare use.

Abstract: A baby or infant composition is provided which comprises one or more nutrient materials and, as a supplement, nervonic acid or a functional derivative thereof or an immediate biochemical precursor of either nervonic acid or a functional derivative thereof, in a physiologically acceptable form. It has been found to be beneficial to administer such a composition to preterm babies and term babies and infants. It has also been to be beneficial to administer nervonic acid or a functional derivative thereof or an immediate biochemical precursor of either nervonic acid or a functional derivative thereof to adults having normal levels of nervonic acid in their body and, in particular, to women who intend to become pregnant, pregnant women and lactating women.

Abstract: Gamma and delta lactones of formulae (I and 11) are used as emulsifiers in explosive compositions comprising a continuous organic phase and a discontinuous aqueous phase containing an oxygen-supplying compound. In the formulae, R is hydrocarbyl, R* is hydrogen, methyl or another hydrocarbyl, and Q is an amide, ammonium salt or ester functionality.

Abstract: A copolymer comprising cystine, or a derivative thereof, bonded to a silicon-containing group, wherein the silicon containing group is bonded to one or more other silicon-containing groups by siloxane groups. This polymer is useful for treating keratin-containing substrates.

Abstract: Organofunctional silicone chains having an organic moiety on at least one end of the chains, are covalently linked to free amino groups of proteins by the organic moieties to provide a useful ingredient for cosmetic formulations.

Abstract: A composition for the treatment of adrenoleukodystrophy comprises a mixture of erucic acid and less than 20% of C20:1, in the absence of any C24:0 and C26:0 acids (all the acids being as such or in the form of physiologically acceptable derivatives, e.g. the triglycerides). For dietary administration, the compositions are preferably mixed with a dietary supplement comprising glyeceryl trioleate.

Abstract: Composition containing nervonic acid (cis-tetracos-15-enoic acid) in a physiologically acceptable form are useful in the treatment of demyelinating disease, such as multiple sclerosis. Additional long chain fatty acids of chain length C16 to C26, especially erucic acid, or their esters, may be included in such compositions.