Abstract: Apparatus for uniformly distributing liquid to a moving web or the like including a housing having side walls with elongated liquid exit slits formed therein. Curved deflector plates are positioned adjacent to the exit slits to direct fluid exiting therefrom toward the moving web. Baffles are provided within the housing defining openings through which the liquid must pass prior to exiting from the exit slits. The baffles are positioned in such a manner as to agitate the liquid prior to its reaching the exit slits.

Abstract: A system for dispersing and transporting particulate matter including means defining a flow path for the particulate matter, a conduit defining an interior in fluid flow communication with the flow path and having an outlet, means for inducing a flow of the particulate matter from the flow path defining means through the conduit and out of the outlet, and fluid curtain generating means for directing converging multiple curtains of high velocity fluid against the particulate matter as it exits from the conduit outlet.

Abstract: A container comprising the combination of a box body having a bottom wall and interconnecting side walls defining a box interior, a cover for the box body having at least one aperture formed therein, latch means attached to at least one of the side walls positionable in an aperture with a portion of said latch means extending beyond said cover and in engagement therewith when the cover is positioned on the box body, and auxiliary lock means on the cover for maintaining the latch means portion in engagement with the cover. At least one opening is formed in the container bottom wall for accommodating latch means of a container of like construction when stacked thereupon.

Abstract: A system for dispersing and transporting particulate matter including a fluidizing chamber and means for introducing particulate matter into the chamber and directing it against fluid entering the chamber from another location. A Coanda nozzle communicates with the chamber and entrains the particulate matter and fluid in the fluidizing chamber and transports same in a direction differing from the original directions of movement of the particulate matter and fluid.

Abstract: In a cabinet for manually dispensing sheet material from a roll rotatably mounted within the housing of the cabinet, a combination of a blade having a cutting edge and movable from a first position to a second position relative to the housing when the sheet material is manually pulled against the cutting edge to sever a portion of the sheet material from the remainder of the roll, and sheet delivery means in operative association with the remainder of the sheet material and responsive to movement of the blade from the first position to the second position to deliver the free end of the remainder of the sheet material to a position facilitating manual grasping thereof by the user.

Abstract: Flexible packaging films of high density polyethylene capable of forming easily openable heatseals can be made by coextruding a layer of the high density polyethylene adjacent to a layer of a blend of an ionomer and a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate or an ester of acrylic and or methacrylic acid. Packages made from the films by forming a blend-to-blend heatseal can be opened by a force between one and five pounds per inch width.

Abstract: A system for directing the tail of a web of flexible material to a predetermined location including a wall element having side edges and a web entry end and a web exit end and a Coanda nozzle located at the wall element web entry end to direct a gaseous flow therealong toward the web exit end. Venting means in the form of opposed foil elements extend from the Coanda nozzle toward the wall element side edges for laterally venting portions of the gaseous flow past the side edges to exert lateral forces on the web and spread it as the web is propelled along the wall element.

Abstract: A container for fresh products such as asparagus comprising the combination of an open box body having interconnecting front, bottom, back and end walls, the walls having a substantially rectangular configuration, an insert positionable in the box body and defining therewith an interior of trapezoidal-shaped cross-section for accomodating the fresh products, and a cover for placement over the box body and the insert.

Abstract: A shipping container for cut flowers or the like comprising a tray and a cover for placement on the tray. Apertures are formed in the tray and cover which are in registry when the cover is placed on the tray to provide communication between the interior of the shipping container and ambient atmosphere. Closure flaps are provided in the cover and tray for selective placement over the apertures. The closure flaps are hinged so that they may be quickly manually opened and cooperate when opened to lock in open position.

Abstract: A shipping container for cut flowers or the like comprising a tray and a cover for placement on the tray. Apertures are formed in the tray and cover which are in registry when the cover is placed on the tray to provide communication between the interior of the shipping container and ambient atmosphere. A closure flap is provided in the cover for selective placement over the apertures. The closure flap is hinged so that it may be quickly manually opened and locked in open position.

Abstract: In a web reel system including a rotatable reel drum and reel spool, the improvement comprising reel threading means operatively associated with the spool and drum and including at least one Coanda nozzle adapted to induce a gaseous flow about the periphery of the drum for entraining a web introduced into the gaseous flow and directing same between the drum and the spool.

Abstract: A high-strength, high-yield sulfite-modified thermomechanical pulp is formed by subjecting lignocellulose to multistage mechanical attrition, the first stage being conducted at elevated temperature and pressure and the second stage being run under atmospheric conditions. A sulfite chemical is added to the lignocellulose prior to the second stage, the lignocellulose being sulfonated so that a percent bound sulfur level of at least about 0.15% is provided. A novel linerboard composition is unexpectedly produced employing replacement quantities of the above described pulp.

Abstract: A system for directing the tail of a web of flexible material to a predetermined location laterally offset from the normal path of movement of said web. The system includes a first Coanda nozzle directing a gaseous flow along a chute associated therewith and comprising a bottom wall and side walls, so that the gaseous flow induced by the Coanda nozzle entrains the web tail and causes it to move laterally in the web plane as it is directed to the predetermined location. A second Coanda nozzle is positioned downstream from the first Coanda nozzle and is angularly disposed relative thereto so that the web is again moved laterally about the web plane an additional incremental amount.

Abstract: By pretreating lignocellulose with an alkaline pretreatment liquor containing anthraquinone or a related compound, prior to alkaline digestion, a higher yield of pulp having a lower lignin content can be produced using less alkali. The pretreatment step is carried out under conditions that ensure survival of at least 50% of the anthraquinone or related compound in the pretreatment liquor, which is separated from the pretreated lignocellulose and reused to pretreat other lignocellulose.

Abstract: A dispensing device for sequentially dispensing sheet material such as paper toweling from a primary roll and a reserve roll, the primary roll initially being rotatably mounted at a first location and adapted to be displaced therefrom to a second location. Sheet material feed means is provided for dispensing the sheet material from the device. Sensing means is provided for sensing displacement of the primary roll from the first location and transfer means is employed in operative association with the sensing means and responsive to the sensing of the displacement of the primary roll from the first location to place sheet material from the reserve roll into operative engagement with the sheet material feed means.

Abstract: 4,4'-substituted diaryl sulfones of high yield and high purity are selectively formed by the oxidation of 4,4'-substituted diaryl sulfides and diaryl sulfoxides, respectively, employing an aqueous slurry, including a molybdic acid-peroxide-catalyzed oxidation system, the aqueous slurry being maintained at a pH of less than about one.

Abstract: A conventional fin-type seam formed on tubed bag forming sheet material provided on one face with heat sealable material, has heat sealed overlapping edge portions forming the seam. The fin slides over a back-up plate extending between it and the body of the tube to prevent scuffing of the heat sealable material with consequent seal failure. A tracking wheel engaging the fin presses it against the back-up plate, and maintains alignment.

Abstract: This invention is a heatseal die which is intended to replace one die of a pair of heatseal dies normally employed in a packaging machine. The die of the invention differs from the die normally employed in that the lower portion of the die face, which forms the heatseal at the top of the package, has ribs which are horizontal instead of vertical. Being horizontal, the ribs intersect the vertical ribs of an opposing die, instread of meshing with them as the ribs of the die normally employed do. The pattern of point seals formed where the ribs intersect forms a good gastight seal but reduces the force required to break the seal, thereby permitting the package to be opened more easily.

Abstract: The pulping of lignocellulosic material in the presence of oxygen gas and an alkaline liquid is improved by carrying out the process in two stages. In the first stage, the alkaline liquid is trickled over the material as the oxygen is passed up through the material. In the second stage, the material is submerged in oxygenated alkaline liquid which flows through the material.

Abstract: A container for nursery plants and the like formed of a blank of sheet material comprising a front panel, a back panel and two side panels interconnected along spaced fold lines. A front reinforcement panel is connected to the top of the front panel along a fold line for securing to the inner face of the front panel. A top closure panel is hingedly secured along a hinge line to the terminal end of the front reinforcement panel for extension into the tubular area defined by the front, back and side panels when secured together. Upstanding attachment tabs are attached to opposed sides of the top panel and a side reinforcement panel is connected to the top of each side panel along a fold line for securing to the inner face of its associated side panel.