Abstract: An oil cooled system for an internal combustion engine (2 and 2') includes a cylinder liner (22 and 22') shaped to form an annular oil flow passage (36 and 36') by an inner flow control surface (52 and 52') and outer flow control surface (56 and 56') through which engine lubrication oil flows in a very thin film under laminar flow conditions to produce a very large convective heat transfer coefficient of 300-400 BTU's per hour-feet squared-degree Fahrenheit. To insure laminar flow conditions, the radial thickness of the annular flow passage (36 and 36') is held to less than 0.016 inches and is preferably in the range of 0.008 to 0.010 inches.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for controlling the temperature of a first surface when the latter is frictionally engaged by a second surface and the surfaces are in relative motion. The apparatus includes a thermal sensing means having a first section exposed on one of the surfaces. The thermal sensing means has an exposed second section which is spaced from the surfaces. Means is provided for effecting relative movement of at least one surface while said surfaces are in frictional engagement. Means is also provided for effecting adjustment of the surfaces to a non-engaging relation. A detecting means is provided having a segment thereof in a predetermined temperature-detecting relation with the second section of the thermal sensing means and being operatively connected to the surface-adjusting means whereby relative positioning of at least one of the surfaces is responsive to the temperature detected by the detecting means segment from the second section of the thermal sensing means.

Abstract: A cooler and filter assembly (2) is disclosed including a cooler housing (4) containing an elongated internal cavity (14) opening into generally planar end faces (16 and 18) of the cooler housing (4) and further including a support structure (6) for mounting the cooler housing (4) on an internal combustion engine and for providing internal supply and return passages (104, 106, 108 and 110) for both engine coolant and lubrication oil through only one of the planar end faces (16) of the cooler housing (4). A thermostatically controlled valve (118) and an oil pressure responsive valve means (80) control the flow of oil through the cooler and filter assembly (2) to insure efficient and safe operation of the assembly (2). A heat exchange means (24) includes a fixed plate-like member (30) for mounting one end of each of a plurality of elongated tubes (26) and also contains oil supply and return apertures (54 and 56) which allow for simplification of the arrangement of flow passages within the assembly (2).

Abstract: This disclosure deals with a drive for a fan of an internal combustion engine, the drive including a clutch connected between the engine and the fan blades. A piston is movable to actuate the clutch, and an actuating fluid is employed to move the piston. The fan drive is connected to the engine lubricating system so that the engine lubricant acts as the actuating fluid. An engine temperature responsive circuit actuates the clutch to engage and disengage at certain engine temperatures. The fan drive includes a fluid feed path, return path and control path, but only two fluid connections to the clutch are necessary. When the temperature responsive circuit operates to disengage the clutch, a valve releases the pressure in order to quickly disengage the clutch.

Abstract: A "snap action" early warning bypass valve assembly (2), responsive to fluid pressure differentials and/or low pressure, functions as both an electrical switch to provide an indication of low pressure or an impending fluid bypass and as a mechanical valve to actually implement the fluid bypass. The valve assembly includes a sealing piston (24, 124) supported by a retaining surface (18, 106) having a central bore (22, 110) formed therein. The sealing piston (24, 124) contains a bypass aperture (36) and is shaped to present a differential sealing area (39) to fluid circulating within the central bore (22, 110). A spring-biased bypass disc (42, 134) covers the bypass aperture (36) to present a central sealing area (45) to fluid within the central bore (22,110). A first pressure differential acting simultaneously across the central (45) and differential (39) sealing areas forces piston (24) into contact with an electrical terminal pin (48,92,126) thus energizing an alarm circuit (48-64,90).

Abstract: A cooling unit is provided for an internal combustion engine wherein the latter is provided with a first interior portion having external inlet and outlet ports through which a first liquid circulates and a second interior portion through which a second liquid circulates. The second interior portion is provided with an access opening. The unit includes a base section which overlies the access opening and is sealingly secured to surface portions circumjacent the access opening. The base section is provided with a first set of ports which register with the inlet and outlet ports of the first interior portion, and a second set of ports. Mounted on one side of the base section is a heat exchange section which projects through the access opening into the second interior portion. The exterior of the heat exchange unit is contacted by the circulating second liquid. The interior of the heat exchange section is provided with a passageway through which the first liquid circulates.

Abstract: A unit injector (200,300,400,500) of the cam actuated, open nozzle type is disclosed including an extremely compact injector body (202,302,402,502) having a minimum number of internal flow passages and a two piece injector plunger (222,308,310,412,506,510) arranged to provide pressure/time metering (all embodiments), scavenging fuel flow (all embodiments), hydraulic timing (all embodiments), fuel cut off (all embodiments), wear compensation in advance timing mode (all embodiments) and sharp cut off of fuel injection without high "crush" loads and wear injection without high "crush" loads and wear compensation in retard and advance modes (embodiment of FIG. 3).

Abstract: A cylinder block for an internal combustion engine is provided which includes a cooling jacket having a peripheral wall forming the exterior of the block and a plurality of cylinder tubes disposed within and encompassed by said wall. A plurality of depending openings or bores are formed in the top surface of the block to accommodate a corresponding number of bolts for assembling a cylinder head on the block top surface. Each opening is internally threaded; however, the threads within the openings commence at different levels relative to the block top surface. The level at which the threads commence will depend upon the location of the opening with respect to the cooling jacket peripheral wall. Thus, the greater the distance the opening is from the wall, the threads thereof will commence within the opening at a greater depth from the top surface of the block.

Abstract: A control system is provided for regulating the fuel feed to a dual fuel internal combustion engine. The engine includes a source of first fuel, a pump therefor, and a source of second fuel under a predetermined pressure. A first valve is mounted within a first feed line connecting the engine to the pump outlet. A second valve is mounted within a second feed line connecting the engine to the pump outlet. A third valve is mounted within a third feed line connecting the engine to the second fuel source. A pressure-sensitive metering valve is disposed within the third feed line downstream of the third valve. A means is provided which transmits the flow pressure from the second valve to the metering valve and thus, determines the setting of the latter. A control means, adjustable between two modes, is operatively connected to the first, second, and third valves.

Abstract: An oil cooling system for an internal combustion engine (2) includes a cylinder liner (22) shaped to form an annular oil flow passage (36) by an inner flow control surface (52) and outer flow control surface (56) through which engine lubrication oil flows in a very thin film under laminar flow conditions to produce a very large convective heat transfer coefficient of 300-400 BTU's per hour-feet squared-degree Fehrenheit. To insure laminar flow conditions, the radial thickness of the annular flow passage 36 is held to less than 0.016 inches and is preferably in the range of 0.008 to 0.010 inches. The disclosed liner (22) is very accurately positioned within a cylinder bore (8) of the engine block (4) by liner stop means (68) for retaining the liner in a fixed axial position within the cylinder bore (8) and by inner and outer radial locating means (106 and 101) positioned, respectively, inwardly and outwardly of the inner flow control surface (52).

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for measuring the axial and radial runout of a peripheral groove formed in a pulley. The apparatus includes a base from which an upright rotating spindle projects. The spindle removably accommodates the pulley. A frame is adjustably mounted on the base and a carriage is disposed on the frame for independent adjustment relative thereto in substantially axial and radial directions with respect to the spindle axis. A carrier is mounted on the carriage for independent movement to selected positions relative thereto. A plurality of relatively spaced detector elements are mounted on the carrier. When the carrier is in a selected position, one detector element is disposed in close proximity to the pulley periphery. Each detector element is independently adjustable relative to the carrier in a substantially axial direction relative to the spindle.

Abstract: A unit injector (200, 300, 400, 500, 600) of the cam actuated, open nozzle type is disclosed including an extremely compact injector body (202, 302, 402, 502) having a minimum number of internal flow passages and a two piece injector plunger (222, 308, 310, 412, 506, 510, 606, 612) arranged to provide pressure/time metering (all embodiments), scavenging fuel flow (all embodiments), hydraulic timing (all embodiments), fuel cut off (embodiments of FIGS. 1, 3 and 4), wear compensation in advance timing mode (all embodiments) and sharp cut off of fuel injection without high "crush" loads and wear compensation in retard and advance modes (embodiment of FIG. 3).

Abstract: A unit injector (200, 300, 400, 500, 600) of the cam actuated, open nozzle type is disclosed including an extremely compact injector body (202, 302, 402, 502) having a minimum number of internal flow passages and a two piece injector plunger (222, 308, 310, 412, 506, 510, 606, 612) arranged to provide pressure/time metering (all embodiments), scavenging fuel flow (all embodiments), hydraulic timing (all embodiments), fuel cut off (embodiments of FIGS. 1, 3 and 4), wear compensation in advance timing mode (all embodiments) and sharp cut off of fuel injection without high "crush" loads and wear compensation in retard and advance modes (embodiment of FIG. 3).

Abstract: An expandable hydraulic tappet with a variable exit valve is supplied for use in an internal combustion engine to selectively vary timing by altering the effective profile of a camshaft. The tappet expands to extend the drive train between the camshaft and a camshaft operated mechanism by enlarging and filling an internal hydraulic chamber with a noncompressible hydraulic fluid via an inlet port and inlet valve. The fluid is retained in the tappet chamber until a predetermined pressure is attained, when an exit valve opens to exit the pressurized fluid from the chamber at a predetermined rate. The exit valve includes a bore having a predetermined configuration to provide one or more exit flow rates and also dampen valve operation. An exit valve control means responds to the pressure within the hydraulic chamber to open and close the exit valve and vary the flow rates as desired.

Abstract: A fuel burner for producing a highly stable flame and predictable heat output for use within an environment subject to disruptive pressure changes and ambient air current flow such as the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine. The burner includes a nozzle for forming a cone shaped fuel spray and a flame surrounding shroud having a combustion gas outlet wherein the shroud is shaped to cause a toroidal pattern of recirculating combustion gases to be formed within the shroud. A circumferential lip surrounding the combustion gas outlet creates a low pressure zone within the shroud to cause a counterflow of ambient air into the shroud through the outlet in a cylindrical pattern coaxial with the exiting combustion gases.

Abstract: A pressure limiting expandable hydraulic tappet is provided for use in an internal combustion engine to selectively vary timing by altering the effective profile of a camshaft. The tappet expands to extend the drive train between the camshaft and a camshaft operated mechanism by enlarging and filling an internal hydraulic chamber with a noncompressible hydraulic fluid via an inlet port. The fluid is retained in the tappet chamber by a control valve until a predetermined pressure is attained, when the valve control opens to exit the pressurized fluid through the inlet port and maintain said predetermined pressure for the duration of the camshaft stroke. The valve control means is responsive to the hydraulic pressure acting on an area differential within the chamber to overcome a selected bias.

Abstract: A fuel injector and valve assembly (2) including a unit injector (4) having a main pumping plunger (10) and a shuttle piston (14) selectively connected to the pumping plunger by means of a hydraulic link controlled by a ball-type solenoid operated valve (28). The valve includes a housing (58) containing a valve cavity (76) in which a ball (78) is positioned for movement between a closed position and open position in less than one millisecond to control the timing and metering function of the fuel injector (4). The ball (78) is biased to the closed position by a spring (88) and is moved to an open position by an operator stem (98) biased by a stronger opposing spring (116) surrounding the operator stem (98). The operator stem (98) is withdrawn by energization of solenoid (118) to allow the ball (78) to be moved to the closed position by the ball spring (88).

Abstract: A system is provided for controlling fuel flow within an internal combustion engine having a plurality of cylinders. The system includes a fuel source; a fuel pump responsive to the engine speed; and a multimode adjustable control valve connected to the fuel pump and a predetermined number of first cylinders. The control valve, when in a first mode, substantially shutting off fuel flow to the first cylinders, except for a minimal amount of fuel leakage from the valve to the first cylinders for lubricating purposes. When in a second mode, the control valve allows substantial fuel flow to the first cylinders. The control valve assumes its first mode when the operating temperature is below a predetermined amount and/or the engine is operating under a predetermined load.

Abstract: A bottom stop liner for use in an engine block and head assembly including a radially directed surface adjacent the inner end of the liner for engaging a liner stop and a radial press fit at the outer end of the liner combined with a resilient liner body integral with and extending between the inner and outer ends operating to apply axial spring force between the liner stop and the head of the engine to place the portion of the head block surrounding a cylinder cavity in which the liner is placed under tensile force as the head is connected to the engine block and moved into operative position. The liner body is designed to have an axial compliance which is greater than the axial compliance of the surrounding portion of the engine block.

Abstract: A master/slave hydraulic braking system for an internal combustion engine is disclosed for converting an engine from a power mode operation to a braking mode operation. A slave piston (12) operates in one of three positions including a fully retracted position in which one end thereof is spaced from the associated exhaust valve structure (2,4,8) by at least a predetermined lash sufficient to prevent contact between the actuating piston (12) and the valve structure (2,4,8) at all times during the power mode of engine operation, a brake actuated position in which the piston (12) is advanced sufficiently to open the exhaust valve (2,4) during the braking mode of engine operation and a brake ready position in which the piston (12) is advanced only far enough to take up the actual lash between the piston (12) and the associated exhaust valve structure (2,4,8) at all times during braking mode operation of the engine except when the actuating piston (12) is being advanced to open the exhaust valves (2,4).