Abstract: A phospholipid derivative represented by the following formula (1): wherein [PG]k represents a residue of polyglycerin having a polymerization degree of k, wherein k is 2 to 50, R1CO and R2CO independently represent an acyl group having 8 to 22 carbon atoms, symbol “a” independently represents an integer of 0 to 5, symbol “b” independently represents 0 or 1, M represents hydrogen atom, an alkali metal atom, an ammonium, or an organic ammonium, and k1, k2, and k3 represent numbers satisfying the following conditions: 1?k1?(k+2)/2, 0?k2, and k1+k2+k3=k+2. The phospholipid derivative is highly safe for living bodies and can be suitably utilized in drug delivery systems such as liposome, and the like.

Abstract: A physiologically active polypeptide derived from human brain and a DNA fragment comprising the base sequence encoding the polypeptide are disclosed. The polypeptide possesses excellent smooth muscle relaxation activity, diuretic or natriuretic activity, and vasodepressor activity, and is thus useful as a medicine for curing circulation diseases, e.g. cardiac edema, nephric edema, hepatic edema, pulmonary edema, hypertension, congestive heart failure, and acute and chronic renal failure.

Abstract: A phospholipid derivative represented by the formula (1) (Z represents a residue of a compound having 3 to 10 hydroxyl groups; AO represents an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms; R1CO and R2CO represent an acyl group having 8 to 22 carbon atoms; X represents hydrogen atom, an alkali metal atom, ammonium or an organic ammonium; “a” represents an integer of 0 to 4; “b” represents 0 or 1; Q represents hydrogen atom or methyl group; m represents an average number of moles of the oxyalkylene group added; and m, k1, k2, and k3 are numbers satisfying the following conditions: 3?m?200, 9?m×(k1+k2+k3)?1000, 1?k1?2, 0?k2?9 and 0?k3?9, and 3?k1+k2+k3?10), which is highly safe for living bodies, and is suitably used for solubilization and dispersion of physiologically active substances and the like, or in the fields of drug delivery systems such as liposomes and cosmetics.

Abstract: Taxan derivatives are produced efficiently and inexpensively, which are useful as oral-administrable antitumor compounds. A compound of formula (1) (wherein R1 is an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group or a heterocyclic group; R2 is a hydroxyl group optionally having a protective group) is processed with an alkali metal permanganate to produce a compound of formula (2), which may be a starting material for oral-administrable antitumor compounds.

Abstract: A method for screening an agent acting on a cell wall, which comprises the following steps of: (1) culturing a microorganism having a reporter protein fixed on a cell wall as a GPI-anchored protein in the presence of a test agent acting on a cell wall; (2) analyzing a saccharide chain of a substance derived from the reporter protein released in a culture fluid of the microorganism; and (3) estimating a targeting site of the test agent on the cell wall on the basis of information of the saccharide chain of the substance derived from the reporter protein obtained in the step (2). An agent acting on a cell wall directed to a particular targeting site can be efficiently screened by conveniently and suitably determining a targeting site of an agent having an inhibitory action on a cell wall.

Abstract: Taxan derivatives are produced efficiently and inexpensively, which are useful as oral-administrable antitumor compounds. A compound of formula (1) (wherein R1 is an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group or a heterocyclic group; R2 is a hydroxyl group optionally having a protective group) is processed with an alkali metal permanganate to produce a compound of formula (2), which may be a starting material for oral-administrable antitumor compounds.

Abstract: Noble crystal of 4-dimethylamino-4-stilbazolium tosylate (DAST) useful as an electro-optical element. A DAST crystal having a size effective for use as an electro-optical element is provided by a twin crystal of DAST. The twin crystal of DAST can be obtained according to a seed crystallization method or a slope crystal growing method.

Abstract: To provide a quinolone antibacterial drug and a therapeutic agent for infectious diseases, which exhibit potent antibacterial activity on Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and which is highly safe. A compound represented by the following formula (1): (wherein R1 represents a C3-C6 cycloalkyl group which may have a substituent or the like; R2 represents a hydrogen atom or the like; R3 and R4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a C1-C6 alkyl group, or a substituted carboxyl group derived from an amino acid, a dipeptide, or a tripeptide, and, in the case where each of R3 and R4 represents a C1-C6 alkyl group, the alkyl group may be substituted by one or more atoms or groups selected from among a hydroxyl group, a halogen atom, a C1-C6 alkylthio group, and a C1-C6 alkoxy group; and n denotes an integer of 1 to 3), a salt thereof, and a hydrate of the compound or the salt. Also, antibacterial drugs and therapeutic agents for infectious diseases are prepared.

Abstract: A crystal of (1S,2S,3R,4S,5R,8R,9S,10R,13S)-4-acetoxy-2-benzoyloxy-9,10-[(1S)-2-(dimethylamino)ethylidenedioxy]-5,20-epoxy-1-hydroxytax-11-en-13-yl (2R,3S)-3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)-3-(3-fluoro-2-pyridyl)-2-hydroxypropionate, which has characteristic peaks at diffraction angles (2?) of 6.2°, 10.3°, 10.7°, 11.4°, and 12.0° in a powder X-ray diffraction pattern, and a method for preparing the aforementioned crystal, which comprises the step of performing crystallization by using an organic solvent selected from the group consisting of a ketone type solvent, a nitrile type solvent, and a mixture thereof, or a mixture of said organic solvent and water.

Abstract: Provided are novel compounds having an inhibitory activity against production or secretion of ?-amyloid protein. They embrace compounds represented by the following formula (1): and capable of being replaced with a variety of substituents; and salts thereof, and solvates of any one of them.

Abstract: A phospholipid derivative represented by the following formula (I) wherein R1CO and R2CO independently represent an acyl group; R3 represents hydrogen atom, or a hydrocarbon group; symbol “a” represents an integer of 0 to 4; symbol “b” represents 0 or 1, provided that when a is 0, b is 0; X represents hydrogen atom, an alkali metal atom, an ammonium, or an organic ammonium; A1O and A3O represent an oxyalkylene group containing oxyethylene group, wherein the ratio of the oxyethylene group to the oxyalkylene group in A1O and A3O is 0.5 or larger in terms of a weight ratio; A2O represents an oxyalkylene group; symbols “m” and “q” represent an average molar number of added oxyalkylene groups; and symbol “n” represent an average molar number of added oxyalkylene groups; provided that m, n and q satisfy the following conditions: 5?m?600, 1?n?45, 0?q?200, 10?m+n+q?600, 0.04?n/(m+n+q), and q/(m+n+q)?0.

Abstract: The present invention provides a for producing 1,2-cis-2-fluorocyclopropane-1-carboxylic ester.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound represented by Formula (I): wherein Ar1, Ar2, R1 and R2 each represent a substituent, a salt thereof, or a solvate of the compound or the salt, and to a medicine containing the same. According to the present invention, a potent platelet aggregation suppressant which does not inhibit COX-1 and COX-2 is provided.

Abstract: A method of industrially advantageously producing a cyclopropane monoacetal derivative represented by the formula (III) conveniently and also in a fewer steps by reacting a halogenated unsaturated carbonyl compound represented by the formula (II) with an alcoholate. wherein each symbol is as defined in the specification.

Abstract: This invention provides an industrially useful process for producing 1,4-transcyclohexanecarboxylic acid derivative (1) which has excellent VLA-4 inhibitory action and safety, and an intermediate which is useful in such method.

Abstract: A compound represented by formula (I): (wherein Ar1 represents a phenyl group which may have 1 to 3 substituents, or a non-substituted 5- or 6-membered aromatic heterocyclic group; Ar2 represents (i) a non-substituted phenyl group, (ii) a phenyl group which has been substituted by a lower alkyl group having 1 to 3 groups or atoms selected from among a carbamoyl group, an amino group, a hydroxyl group, a lower alkoxy group, and a halogen atom, or (iii) a 5- or 6-membered nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocyclic group which has been substituted by 1 to 3 groups or atoms selected from among a lower alkyl group, a lower alkynyl group, a lower alkanoyl group, a carbamoyl group, a cyano group, an amino group, a hydroxyl group, a lower alkoxy group, and a halogen atom; and X represents a group represented by formula (II): (wherein the ring structure represents a 4- to 7-membered heterocyclic group which may have, in addition to the nitrogen atom shown in formula (II), one heteroatom selected from among nitr

Abstract: A compound represented by the general formula (1): Q1-Q2-T0-N(R1)-Q3-N(R2)-T1-Q4??(1) wherein R1 and R2 are hydrogen atoms or the like; Q1 is a saturated or unsaturated, 5- or 6-membered cyclic hydrocarbon group which may be substituted, or the like; Q2 is a single bond or the like; Q3 is a group in which Q5 is an alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or the like; and T0 and T1 are carbonyl groups or the like; a salt thereof, a solvate thereof, or an N-oxide thereof.

Abstract: The present invention contemplates provision of a quinolone antibacterial agent and a drug for the treatment of infectious diseases, which exhibit potent antibacterial activity and higher selective toxicity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, which do not cause side effects (e.g., convulsion), and which exhibit higher safety. A compound represented by the following formula (I): a salt of the compound, or a hydrate of the compound or the salt; and an antibacterial drug and an infectious disease treating drug containing the compound as an active ingredient.

Abstract: A gene encoding a novel protein that binds to a Rho family protein being one group of small GTP binding proteins and is capable of exhibiting a GEF activity, namely, a polynucleotide shown by the nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, or SEQ ID NO: 3, or the complementary strand, the equivalents of the polynucleotide, a protein encoded by the polynucleotide, a vector containing the polynucleotide, a transformant containing the vector, an antibody against the protein encoded by the polynucleotide, a method of identifying a compound that inhibits the function of the protein encoded by the polynucleotide and/or the expression of the polynucleotide, a method of determining a disease, a pharmaceutical composition, and a reagent kit are provided.

Abstract: A compound represented by the general formula (1): Q1-Q2-T0-N(R1)-Q3-N(R2)-T1-Q4??(1) wherein R1 and R2 are hydrogen atoms or the like; Q1 is a saturated or unsaturated, 5- or 6-membered cyclic hydrocarbon group which may be substituted, or the like; Q2 is a single bond or the like; Q3 is a group in which Q5 is an alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or the like; and T0 and T1 are carbonyl groups or the like; a salt thereof, a solvate thereof, or an N-oxide thereof.