Abstract: A method of producing foreign gene products which comprises (1) transforming animal cells either (a) by using two plasmids, namely a plasmid containing the MMTV LTR and a foreign gene encoding a physiologically active substance inserted therein downstream from the LTR and a plasmid containing the LTR and a glucocorticoid receptor protein gene inserted therein downstream from the LTR, or (b) by using one plasmid comprising the LTR, a glucocorticoid receptor protein gene located downstream from the LTR, another LTR and a foreign gene encoding a physiologically active substance located downstream from the latter LTR, and (2) cultivating the transformed animal cells in a medium containing glucocorticoid in an amount effective for inducing mRNA transcription.

Abstract: This invention provides novel pyridonecarboxylic acid derivatives having a quite high antimicrobial activity. The derivatives have the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 represent each a hydrogen or C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkyl group; R.sup.4 represents an ethyl, 2-fluoroethyl, vinyl, isopropyl, isopropenyl or cyclopropyl group; and X represents CH, C--F, C--Cl or Ncharacterized in that R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are not hydrogen at the same time.

Abstract: This invention provides novel pyridonecarboxylic acid derivatives having a quite high antimicrobial activity. The derivatives have the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 represent each a hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl group; R.sup.4 represents an ethyl, 2-fluoroethyl, vinyl, isopropyl, isopropenyl or cyclopropyl group; and X represents CH, C--F, C--Cl or N characterized in that R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are not hydrogen at the same time.

Abstract: This invention provides novel pyridonecarboxylic acid derivatives having a quite high antimicrobial activity. The derivatives have the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 represent each a hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl group; R.sup.4 represents an ethyl, 2-fluoroethyl, vinyl, isopropyl, isopropenyl or cyclopropyl group; and X represents CH, C--F, C--Cl or N characterized in that R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are not hydrogen at the same time.

Abstract: Propoxybenzene derivatives represented by the following formula ##STR1## wherein Ra represents a nitro group, an amino group which may have a protecting group or an --NHCH.dbd.C(COO--C.sub.1-6 -Alkyl).sub.2 group, Rb represents a hydrogen atom, a protecting group for the hydroxyl group or a substituted sulfonyl group and Xa and Xb, which may be the same or different, each represents a halogen atom, and processes for preparation thereof are disclosed. These derivatives are useful in preparing antibacterial agents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to spiro compounds of general formula I: ##STR1## wherein the substituents are herein below defined. The present invention relates to antibacterial spiro compounds which are of value as drugs for humans, veterinary drugs or drugs for use in fish culture or as preservatives, and to antibacterial compositions containing one or more of the same compounds as active ingredients.

Abstract: A method of producing useful substances which comprising propagating in cultured cells or in a host a recombinant Bombyx mori nuclear polydegrosis virus (BmNPV) DNA is disclosed. The BmNPV DNA is produced by recombination with a double-stranded DNA containing (i) a 5'-upstream BmNPV DNA fragment orginally occurring upstream from the structural gene coding for the production of polyhedral protein and also including the promoter region for the structural gene, (ii) a translational start codon and (iii) a gene coding for the production of a useful substance exogenous to the virus, with or without (iv) a 3'-downstream BmNPV DNA fragment originally occurring downstream from the structural gene coding for the production of polyhedral protein.

Abstract: Recombinant Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis viruses having, in the polyhedral protein-encoding structural gene portion of the Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus DNA (BmNPV DNA), a structural gene for a desired protein as joined to the whole of or a part of the polyhedral protein-encoding structural gene with or without interposition of a linker base sequence are provided.By propagating the above viruses in silkworm-derived cells or silkworms, fused proteins of a desired protein and the whole of or a part of the polyhedral protein as joined together with or without interposition of a linking amino acid or peptide are produced. The desired proteins can be obtained from the fused proteins by cleavage or decomposition at the linking site.

Abstract: This invention provides novel pyridonecarboxylic acid derivatives having a quite high antimicrobial activity. The derivatives have the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 represent each a hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl group; R.sup.4 represents an ethyl, 2-fluoroethyl, vinyl, isopropyl, isopropenyl or cyclopropyl group; and X represents CH, C-F, C-Cl or N wherein (i) one of R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl group, and (ii) either R.sup.1 forms a methylene chain having 2 to 4 carbon atoms together with R.sup.2 or R.sup.3, or R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 form together an alkylene chain having 2 to 5 atoms and R.sup.4 represents an ethyl, 2-fluorethyl, vinyl, isopropyl, isopropenyl or cyclopropyl group and X represents CH, C-F, or C-Cl and salt thereof.

Abstract: An ointment comprising an adenosine 3',5'-cyclic phosphate derivative as an active ingrediment, an ointment base having water-absorbing and drying properties, a saccharide and/or inorganic high polymer is disclosed. The ointment exhibits improved stability of the adenosine 3',5'-cyclic phosphate derivative.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an agent for preventing and treating thrombocytopenia which comprises, an an active ingredient, a muramyldipeptide derivative of the formula: ##STR1## wherein X represents an amino acid residue selected from L-alanine, L-serine and L-valine, Y represents ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 represents a carboxyl group, n represents an integer of 1 to 6, A represents a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 7 to 29 carbon atoms which may have branched chains, and Acyl represents an acyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and the agent exhibits excellent preventing and treating effects on thrombocytopenia when administered orally or parenterally.

Abstract: A method of producing desired peptides by transforming mammalian cells and cultivating the transformed cells can be improved by using myeloma cells as the mammalian cells and/or using a vector having the SV40 early promoter sequence on both the 5' upstream and 3' downstream sides of the gene coding for the desired peptide.

Abstract: A disaccharide compound represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, and R.sup.5 are as defined in the specification and a salt thereof are disclosed. The compound exhibits excellent antitumor activity and low toxicity and is useful as an antitumor agent.

Abstract: An optically action pyridobenzoxazine derivative, a process for preparing the same and a novel intermediate useful for preparing the optically active pyridobenzoxazine derivative are disclosed. The optically active pyridobenzoxazine derivative possesses increased antimicrobial activity and reduced toxicity. The intermediate is useful for preparing such optically active pyridobenzoxazine derivatives such as Ofloxacin and anolog compounds.

Abstract: Novel mannobiose derivative represented by the general formula [I]: ##STR1## wherein groups of R.sub.1 to R.sub.5 each represents --OH, --OR.sub.6, --NHR.sub.6, (R.sub.6 represents an acyl group) or a group represented by the following formula (a), (b), (c), (d) or (e), provided that one of R.sub.1 to R.sub.5 represents --OR.sub.6 or --NHR.sub.6, one of the other 4 groups of R.sub.1 to R.sub.5 represents one of the groups represented by the formulae (a) to (e), and the remaining 3 groups of R.sub.1 to R.sub.5 represent --OH: ##STR2## wherein represents .alpha. or .beta. bond are provided by the invention.These compounds give liposomes a specific affinity for Kupffer cells of liver, and can be produced industrially.

Abstract: New derivatives of penem and pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof are herein disclosed; these compounds being useful as an antibacterial agent which has an extremely wide antibacterial spectrum, exhibits a high sensitivity to bacteria resistant to conventional penicillins and cephalosporing antibiotics and is excellent in its physico-chemical stability, solubility to water and biological stability, in particular, stability to decomposition by enzyme such as dehydropeptidase I in kidney, .beta.-lactamase; these derivatives of penem being able to be prepared by reacting 2-substituted sulfinyl derivative of penem with a thiol compound and then optionally removing protective group(s) and further alkylating the reaction product or vice versa.

Abstract: Lipid membrane structures containing a lactose monofatty acid ester or amide are disclosed. The lipid membrane structures are delivered preferentially to the liver parenchymal cells and are useful as carriers of drugs.

Abstract: An antidiabetic agent is disclosed, which comprises a compound represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R represents an imidazolyl group, a thiazolyl group or a pyridyl group; n represents 1 or 2; and m represents an integer of from 1 to 4, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient.

Abstract: An inhibitory agent of hepatic fibrosis containing pantethine as an active ingredient.

Abstract: This invention discloses a process for producing tissue plasminogen activator. The process comprises cultivating Escherichia coli, yeast, or mammalian cells into which the vector having the gene for human tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) has been introduced by the recombinant DNA technology. In the cultivation or purification process, a specific antiplasmin agent, which is one of the protease inhibitors, is added to the medium and/or the buffer solutions used for purification, so as to prevent the conversion of single-chain form tPA into double-chain form tPA by a protease which is present in the medium.