Abstract: An exemplary embodiment may provide a process for providing digital twins by parsing a dataset into a tabulated format and forming multiple silos from the dataset. The silos may include relational databases related to the digital twins. Personas may be formed as algorithms which specialize in a particular silo. An exemplary embodiment may be agnostic to the specific application and/or domain specific. Advanced cron jobs may feed digital twins (“personas”) that autonomously adjust behavior based on search criteria-specialization and synthesized analysis of both inputs and outputs. Exemplary personas may be constructed with machine learning, artificial intelligence, stored procedures, and unique specialized databasing to generate reporting, modify data, and socialize with other personas in agreed upon spaces to create control within a three-dimensional world in IoT networks.

Abstract: A discrete relay driver circuit that includes a first high side gate drive circuit configured to drive a first high side MOSFET and a second high side gate drive circuit configured to drive a second high side MOSFET. The discrete relay driver circuit also includes a first resistor divider configured to sense voltage from the first high side MOSFET, a second resistor divider configured to sense voltage from the second high side MOSFET, and a first low side gate driver circuit configured to drive a first low side MOSFET. The discrete relay driver circuit also includes a second low side gate driver circuit configured to drive a second low side MOSFET based on a first low side enable signal, and a third low side gate driver circuit configured to drive a third low side MOSFET based on a second low side enable signal.

Abstract: An automotive power package includes a heat sink layer fabricated onto at least one surface of the automotive power package. The heat sink layer includes a material having a thermal conductivity higher than 130 W/m-K and a coefficient of thermal expansion between 5 and 15 ppm/° C.

Abstract: A printed circuit board (PCB) (4) including an upper surface having one or more electrical terminals (9) thereon, said terminal adapted for connection to corresponding terminal of one or more electrical components, and further including one or more platforms (10) fabricated thereon, said platforms being located adjacent to corresponding component terminals, said platforms being adapted to support an electrical component thereupon, such that a portion of the component overhangs said platform above said corresponding PCB terminal.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a first analog-to-digital converter configured to measure a first reference voltage and a third reference voltage. The apparatus also includes a second analog-to-digital converter configured to measure a second reference voltage and a fourth reference voltage. The apparatus also includes a controller configured to calculate a first resistance ratio, and determine a positive high voltage associated with the positive high voltage direct current input signal based, at least in part, on the first resistance ratio. The controller is further configured to calculate a second resistance ratio, and determine a negative high voltage associated with the negative high voltage direct current input signal based, at least in part, on the second resistance ratio.

Abstract: An exemplary embodiment may provide a process for providing digital twins by parsing a dataset into a tabulated format and forming multiple silos from the dataset. The silos may include relational databases related to the digital twins. Personas may be formed as algorithms which specialize in a particular silo. An exemplary embodiment may be agnostic to the specific application and/or domain specific. Advanced cron jobs may feed digital twins (“personas”) that autonomously adjust behavior based on search criteria-specialization and synthesized analysis of both inputs and outputs. Exemplary personas may be constructed with machine learning, artificial intelligence, stored procedures, and unique specialized databasing to generate reporting, modify data, and socialize with other personas in agreed upon spaces to create control within a three-dimensional world in IoT networks.

Abstract: A director plate retainer of a fluid injector includes an outer wall which is annular in shape and which extends from an outer wall first end to an outer wall second end and which is centered about an axis. The director plate retainer also includes a lateral wall which is annular in shape and which extends toward the axis from a radially outer extent, which is proximal to the outer wall, to a radially inner extent, which is distal from the outer wall. The director plate retainer also includes an inner wall which is annular in shape and which extends from an inner wall first end, which is proximal to the lateral wall, to an inner wall second end, which is distal from the lateral wall, the inner wall extending along the axis in a direction that is opposite from the outer wall.

Abstract: A system may include a capacitor for an electronic device of an electric vehicle; a main bus bar; and a capacitor bus bar configured to connect the capacitor to the main bus bar, wherein the capacitor bus bar includes a first portion that is perpendicular to the main bus bar, and wherein the capacitor bus bar includes a second portion that extends from the first portion, that is perpendicular to the first portion, and that is planar with the main bus bar.

Abstract: A system may include a capacitor for an electronic device of an electric vehicle; a main bus bar; and a capacitor bus bar configured to connect the capacitor to the main bus bar, wherein the capacitor bus bar includes a first portion that is perpendicular to the main bus bar, and wherein the capacitor bus bar includes a second portion that extends from the first portion, that is perpendicular to the first portion, and that is planar with the main bus bar.

Abstract: A system for an electric vehicle may include a housing, a cover configured to couple to the housing, the cover including an opening; a capacitor disposed within the housing, wherein the capacitor is mounted directly to the cover; and a heatsink disposed within or adjacent to the opening of the cover, wherein the heatsink is thermally connected to the capacitor.

Abstract: A system includes: an inverter configured to convert DC power to AC power, wherein the inverter includes: a power module including: a first substrate, a second substrate including a source plane and a gate plane separated from the source plane by a full trench, the source plane including a step trench, and the gate plane including an electrical connection through the second substrate to a gate input connection of the power module, a semiconductor die disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, the step trench formed in a portion of the source plane corresponding to an edge of the semiconductor die, and the semiconductor die including a gate connected to the gate plane, and a sinter element disposed between the semiconductor die and the second substrate to connect the semiconductor die to the second substrate; a battery; and a motor.

Abstract: A fuel tank isolation valve is provided having a main valve body including a fuel tank port and a canister port, a main bore, and an actuator selectively operable to allow or inhibit vented fuel vapors to move from the first port to the second port along a first path. The body can define an airflow bypass orifice that allows vapors to move from the first port, through the main bore, to the second port along a second path, while the actuator is in the closed mode inhibiting vapors from moving along the first path. This flow through the orifice can equalize pressure in a fuel tank and the canister during a purging operation on the canister. The valve can include a fitting that directly couples the valve to the canister without any intermediate hoses, in a cantilevered manner. A related method of use is provided.

Abstract: A method for underfilling an electronic circuit assembly may include mounting one or more structures to a substrate, mounting one or more spacers to the substrate at one or more positions, respectively, to form one or more passages between the one or more spacers and the one or more structures, dispensing underfill to the one or more passages, and curing the underfill to secure the one or more structures to the substrate. The one or more structures may include one or more dies.

Abstract: A system comprises: an inverter configured to convert DC power from a battery to AC power to drive a motor, wherein the inverter includes: a power switch including a drain terminal, a source terminal, and a gate terminal; a gate driver configured to provide a signal to the gate terminal, the gate driver including one or more of a resistive gate driver with variable resistance or a current gate driver with variable current; and one or more controllers configured to detect a voltage from the gate terminal to the source terminal of the power switch, and control the gate driver based on the detected voltage.

Abstract: A system includes a power module, wherein the power module includes an interlocking feature on a first surface of the power module; and at least one heat sink, wherein the surface of the at least one heat sink includes a layer of thermal interface material.

Abstract: A system comprises an inverter configured to convert DC power from a battery to AC power to drive a motor, wherein the inverter includes: a galvanic isolator separating a high voltage area from a low voltage area; a low voltage phase controller in the low voltage area, the low voltage phase controller configured to receive a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal from an inverter controller and adjust the received PWM signal based on a feedback signal; and a high voltage phase controller in the high voltage area, the high voltage phase controller configured to receive the adjusted PWM signal from the low voltage phase controller, provide the adjusted PWM signal to a phase switch, and provide the feedback signal based on an on-time measurement of the phase switch.

Abstract: A system includes: an inverter configured to convert DC power from a battery to AC power to drive a motor, wherein the inverter includes: a bulk capacitor; one or more phase switches; and one or more controllers configured to control a gate voltage to the one or more phase switches to discharge the bulk capacitor, wherein the one or more controllers is configured to control the gate voltage based on one or more of a measured temperature of the one or more phase switches or an estimated temperature of the one or more phase switches.

Abstract: A system includes: an inverter configured to convert DC power from a battery to AC power to drive a motor, wherein the inverter includes: a power module for an inverter for an electric vehicle, the power module comprising: a first substrate having an outer layer and an inner layer; a first electrically conductive spacer coupled to the inner layer of the first substrate; a first semiconductor die coupled to the first electrically conductive spacer; and a second substrate having an outer layer and an inner layer, the first semiconductor die coupled to the inner layer of the second substrate.

Abstract: A subassembly for an electrical component includes: a first plate including: a wall, stepped walls extending from opposite sides of the wall, flange elements extending outwardly from the stepped walls, each flange element defining an engagement slot; a first heatsink positioned on the wall between the stepped walls; a second heatsink; a power module between the first heatsink and the second heatsink; and a second plate including: a plate wall extending across the second heatsink, transition walls extending from opposite sides of the plate wall, and prongs extending from the transition walls toward the first plate and substantially perpendicular to an inner surface of the plate wall in contact with the second heatsink, wherein the prongs are aligned with and configured to engage the engagement slots.

Abstract: A system includes an inverter including: a point-of-use controller for a power module, the point-of-use controller including: a positive voltage connection configured to receive a positive control voltage from a high-voltage controller; a command connection configured to receive a command from the high-voltage controller; a message connection configured to send and receive a message to and from the high-voltage controller; a negative voltage connection configured to receive a positive control voltage from the high-voltage controller; a north gate connection configured to output a north gate control signal to a north group of one or more switches; a south gate connection configured to output a south gate control signal to a south group of one or more switches; a north sense connection configured to connect to a first portion of a sensing trace; and a south sense connection configured to receive a second portion of the sensing trace.