Abstract: A decoding circuit for 2T encoded binary signals, comprises: a data input terminal; a first D-type flip flop having an input coupled to the input terminal; a first exclusive OR gate having inputs coupled to the input terminal and an output of the first D-type flip flop; a shift register having an input coupled to an output of the exclusive OR gate; a second D-type flip flop having an input coupled to the shift register; and, a second exclusive OR gate having inputs coupled to an output of the second D-type flip flop and to a tap of the shift register, the second exclusive OR gate having an output at which decoded input signals are reconstituted. The second D-type flip flop may be a constituent stage of the shift register, the inputs of the second exclusive OR gate being coupled to adjacent taps of the shift register. At least one of the adjacent taps is the output of the constituent stage formed by the second D-type flip flop.

Abstract: A resilient scanning or recording head support made of deformable material comprising a resilient molded part being step like shaped and resiliently deformable in at least one direction and/or through an angle. This construction accommodates deflection of the scanning head analogously to a parallel guide, in a straight line as well as through at least one angle deviating from the preferred directions of the parallel guide.

Abstract: At high frequencies, a video amplifier draws a higher current and normally is biased to provide such current. However, since high frequencies are rarely encountered, the present circuit controls the operating point as a function of the frequency. More specifically, a controlled variable which controls the operating point of the amplifier stage is obtained in dependence on the frequency to which the amplifier stage is driven.

Abstract: A method of regulating an operational parameter of an electrical apparatus includes the steps of obtaining a signal representative of a measured value of an effect on an adjustment device of the apparatus. The measured value is compared to a desired value to provide a regulating signal during a regulating mode. A static correction value and a dynamic correction value are superimposed onto the regulating signal to generate an actuation signal. The adjustment device is adjusted with the actuation signal during an operating mode.

Abstract: A power supply for an AF sound stage includes a transformer and a charging capacitor for storing an operating voltage. A rectifier connects the secondary winding of the transformer to the charging capacitor. A voltage doubler circuit, which includes a series connection of a second capacitor and a first switching means, is in parallel with the secondary winding. A second switching means connects the junction of the second capacitor and the first switching means to the charging capacitor.

Abstract: A radio broadcast receiver for receiving digitally coded sound broadcasting data (DAB) includes a bit error rate measuring device. A control device controls the reproduction of the sound broadcasting data, wherein a reception quality threshold value is defined in the control device and, upon the measured reception quality falling below the threshold value, the control device alters the reception quality and/or the reproduction signals in a perceptible manner.

Abstract: A method for recording and reproducing compressed data to improve the utilization of the storage capacity of a moving recording medium. The data are compressed prior to a recording step. Prior to reproduction the data are expanded to retrieve the original data signal. To increase the storage capacity of the recording medium even further, the velocity of the recording medium is regulated as a function of the degree of compression. With a high degree of compression, a smaller velocity of the recording medium is selected, than with a low degree of compression.

Abstract: A circuit for automatically adjusting the beam current of a CRT to compensate for long term changes in the characteristics of the CRT upon the occurrence of an operational event of the CRT, and for avoiding producing unwanted lines in dark screen areas during current blanking includes an adjustment circuit for providing a reference control signal. A test line generator provides a test line pulse to the adjustment circuit upon the occurrence of the operational event. The beam current developed by the reference control signal is measured and an adjustment voltage is generated. A comparator receives the adjustment voltage and a reference voltage and provides a control voltage. A switch connects the test line generator and the control voltage to the adjustment circuit a preselected time after the occurrence of the operational event. A memory device stores the control voltage until the next occurrence of the operational event.

Abstract: In a method of reproducing a television picture composed of picture points represented by digital signals, the picture points are grouped into blocks which are separated by block edges. The blocks are one of at least two types of blocks, picture point values for points in one type of block are calculated using one set of rules and picture point values for another type of block are calculated using another set of rules. Values for picture points within the block edges are obtained by combining the values obtained for the respective blocks.

Abstract: A circuit for generating a dynamic focusing voltage in a television receiver utilizing overscan periods includes a focusing voltage generator. The focusing voltage is compared to a reference voltage and a switching signal is provided when the focusing voltage goes below the reference voltage. A switch is responsive to the switching signal and provides a direct focusing voltage during the overscan periods. The direct focusing voltage has a level which maintains the arithmetic mean of the focusing voltage the same during the normal scan period and the overscan periods.

Abstract: The determination of the position of a tape thread-in and thread-out mechanism in a cassette recorder is carried out using contact paths together with a slider contact that form position switches. Output signals of the position switches are coupled via a resistor network that combines the output signals and produces an output signal on a single conductor. The resistor network output signal is coupled to an input of an analog -to-digital converter. To improve the reliability of determining the position of the mechanism without requiring the use of highly accurate resistors in the resistor network, the voltage value assigned to each individual position is measured at the output of the network during a calibration operation. The voltage values are stored in a memory and used as the desired values during normal operation.

Abstract: A control circuit for maintaining the mean value of the amplitudes of control pulses having a first level and data pulses having a second level includes a detector for providing the control pulses and the data pulses. A reference voltage source provides first, second and third reference voltages having three different levels. A plurality of comparators each receive both the control pulses and the data pulses. A first comparator also receives the lowest of the reference voltages and provides regulation pulses when the control pulses reach the level of the lowest reference voltage. A second comparator receives the second highest reference voltage and provides level limiting pulses to maintain the level of the regulation pulses constant. A third of the comparators receives the highest reference voltage and provides data pulses when the third reference voltage is reached.

Abstract: A vertical deflection circuit includes a first pin which receives a forward scanning voltage having a first level and a first frequency. During a flyback period a second pin receives a flyback voltage having a second level higher that the first level and a second frequency higher than the first frequency. A third voltage source provides a first pulse. A switch means selectively couples the first pin and the third voltage source in response to a vertical blanking signal. The vertical blanking signal is differentiated to provide a differentiated signal and a voltage divider applies the differentiated signal to the switch to apply the first pulse to the first pin.

Abstract: In a CD system of the type which stores data in both pits and magnetic domains, crosstalk injected into the signal recovered from the magnetic domains is significantly reduced by causing the modulator used to record the magnetically stored signal, to rapidly switch the direction of polarization of the laser light used to read the magnetically recorded signal. This tends to introduce a signal component which is similar to, but opposite in phase, the crosstalk created by the edges of pits recorded under the magnetic layer. This signal is inherently combined with the crosstalk components at the signal recovery circuitry and significantly reduces or cancels the pit induced crosstalk.

Abstract: A method for generating amplitude-coupled voltages for driving a multiple-winding electric motor using tapped voltages which correspond to the values of at least one predetermined curve configuration and using amplitude-coupled output voltages having a progression determined by time-controlled switching of the tapped voltages according to at least one temporal function includes an improvement wherein the tapped voltages have a progression, and the tapped voltages are controlled in such a way that the motor receives voltages having a first curve configuration during a start-up phase and voltages having a second curve configuration during normal operation.

Abstract: An integrated control circuit forms a driver stage of an output transistor of a switch mode power supply. During a start-up interval of a run mode operation, the control circuit does not consume supply current and does not produce a switching control signal for switching the transistor. During an initialization interval that follows the start-up interval, a reference voltage source that is included in the control circuit is turned on and internal conditions in the control circuit are defined. The switching control signal is generated following the initialization interval.

Abstract: An optical disc record playback apparatus includes tracking circuitry for radially translating the scanning pickup device during normal playback of the disc. Coarse and fine drive circuits are responsive to tracking error signals to provide coarse and more precise radial translations respectively. The tracking error signals are monitored for the occurrence for abnormalities such as may be produced by dust on the disc surface, and responsive to the detection of such abnormalities the coarse drive system is disabled to preclude the pickup from leaving the track.

Abstract: A process of image signal coding provides motion vectors for blocks of picture elements (pixels). An array of motion vectors for pixel blocks may be used to generate a zoom and pan vector for a full image. When the format of a vertically subsampled image is changed before coding, motion parameters for a full image are used to obtain maximum local resolution after subsampling. Remaining image areas which have not been fully motion compensated are detected by an alteration (change) detector and are vertically filtered in a field.

Abstract: Apparatus for reproducing coded audio signals includes interpolation circuitry for substituting interpolated signal values for erred or lost audio signal. To minimize undesirable audible artifacts which may be introduced into the audio signal by virtue of the substitution process, the rate of substitution is monitored. When the rate of substitution exceeds a predetermined rate, the higher frequency components of the audio signal, including the substituted values, are attenuated.

Abstract: A disc playback apparatus includes a system for scanning a disc and storing in memory, an address associated with every point on the disc where the scanning device mistracks. A modified regulating signal is calculated for guiding the scanning device back onto the desired data track, from the value of the regulating signal generated by the tracking regulation circuit prior to track loss. The modified regulating signal is also stored in the memory, and during every subsequent reading of the disc, upon encountering track areas associated with stored addresses, the tracking regulation circuit is provided a corresponding modified regulating signal in order to maintain the scanning device near the desired data track. In further scans of the disc successive modified track regulating signals are iteratively generated and tested for tracking response until a substantially optimum modified signal is generated.