Abstract: In a scanning probe microscope having a probe moved by a piezoelectric 3-dimensional positioner in perpendicular X and Y directions over the surface of a sample to create a raster scan thereof and feedback controlled and sensed in a Z direction vertical to the surface to gather data about the topography of the surface, this is a method of operating the piezoelectric 3-dimensional positioner to increase the speed of gathering data about a scanning area of the surface being scanned.

Abstract: A feedback control system for enhancing the feedback loop characteristics of a vertical axis control in a scanning tunneling microscope or the like, including a tip member for positioning relative to a surface for measuring the topography of the surface. A horizontal control coupled to the tip for providing a plurality of adjacent horizontal scans across the surface. A vertical control coupled to the tip for providing a vertical control of the tip during the plurality of adjacent horizontal scans. A local error signal produced in accordance with the vertical position of the tip relative to the surface in real time during the plurality of adjacent horizontal scans.

Abstract: A piezoelectric positioning device for controlling the three dimensional horizontal and vertical movement of a tip relative to the sample in a scanning tunneling microscope. A thin walled cone or cylinder shaped member formed of piezoelectric material having an outer surface and an inner surface. A tip member positioned at the bottom of the cone or cylindrical member. A plurality of substantially similar electrode members positioned around one of the surfaces of the cone or cylinder shaped member to form opposite pairs of electrodes to control the horizontal movement of the tip in two of the three dimensions in accordance with voltages applied to the pairs of electrodes. A unitary member positioned around the other of the surfaces of the cone or cylinder shaped member to form a unitary electrode to control the vertical movement of the tip in the third dimension in accordance with voltage applied to the unitary electrode.