Abstract: The present invention relates to fabric conditioning compositions containing quaternary ammonium compounds and fatty alcohols or phosphoric acid esters thereof, in admixture with a diluent, where the compositions are pumpable at room temperature and are easily dispersed in water.

Abstract: The degree of graininess or grainy edges of a traveling web may be discriminated utilizing the present invention which relates to a method and apparatus for generating a topographic signal by sensing scattered light from instantaneously illuminated areas of less than 1 mm in diameter on the surface of the web, processing at least a significant amount of said signal representative of topographic features of the web of selected lengths in the direction of travel of said web of at least 1.5 mm to determine the amount of such features of said selected length, said selected lengths contributing significantly to the graininess of the web, and thereby providing an indication of the graininess of said web.

Abstract: A process for treating aqueous industrial or municipal effluent is described, wherein the effluent is treated with lime to a pH of at least 11.0 allowed to settle and the supernatant liquid treated with chlorine at the high pH. A substantially complete kill of micro-organisms, particularly coliforms, is thereby achieved. The liquid, after adjustment to suitable pH, may be returned to natural water streams.

Abstract: A mixture of wood chips and impregnation liquor is continuously passed through an impregnation zone, the mixture is agitated throughout said impregnation zone to maintain the consistency of the mixture constant and the residence time of the chips uniform throughout said impregnation zone, the mixture is withdrawn from said impregnation zone, excess liquor is removed from the chips and said chips are then digested in a cooking zone.

Abstract: A linear corrugator formed by at least two rows of discrete presses each of which is formed by mating pairs of press rolls having circumferentially extending mating ridges and grooves adapted to corrugate and consolidate dry formed web, is herein disclosed. The presses of one of said rows are staggered relative to the presses in the other of said rows, the maximum axial length of the nip of each of said presses must be between 5 and 36 inches.A method of consolidating a dry formed web by independently consolidating discrete laterally spaced areas of a dry formed web of at least 40" width, each of said discrete areas having a width of over about 5" but never exceeding 36", thereby to consolidate substantially the full width of said web.

Abstract: A whole tree chipper composed of a housing encasing a rotor formed by a pair of substantially identical axially aligned frustro-conical hollow discs having their minimum diameter ends connected together and provided with at least one knife on each disc is disclosed. A slot extends through each disc adjacent each knife, for directing chips cut by the knife through the disc into a chip chamber located at the adjacent axial end of the housing. The rotor is rotated about the said axially aligned axes of the pair of discs and wood in the form of whole tree sections, is advanced longitudinally through an inlet spout which extends through the peripheral wall of the housing toward the conical faces of the discs forming the rotor. A debris chamber extends circumferentially of the rotor in said housing between the inlet spout and a debris outlet.

Abstract: A process for the removal of mercury from aqueous media containing mercury and undissolved solids comprises, adding hypochlorite to the aqueous medium, reducing the ionic mercury to elemental mercury, aerating the aqueous medium with a gas to entrain the mercury and separating the mercury from the entraining gas.

Abstract: A chipper infeed spout incorporating two surfaces disposed to form a V-shape having one side formed by a pair of support means (an anvil member and preferably a roll). A driven power roll is moveable across the direction of travel of the log along said spout and tends to align the log and force it against the pair of support means whereby the log forms a beam freely supported (by the support means) and having a concentrated load (power roll) interposed between the supports. Preferably the power roll is oriented to apply forces to a log not only to tend force it against the two spaced supporting means but also to force it toward the apex of the V of the V-shaped supporting surfaces.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a chipper wherein the housing is divided by a chipper disc into a front chamber and a chip chamber and wherein separate outlets are provided from the front chamber and from the chip chamber respectively for twigs and the like (debris) and for chips whereby separation of debris from the chips is obtained in the chipper.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel means of manufacture of gypsum board. The improvement herein comprises the use of sodium and/or ammonium salts of ethoxylated, sulfated alcohols as foaming agents, said alcohols being a mixture of primary, linear alcohols having an average chain length of 9 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A technique for removing substantially all the elemental mercury from a mercury containing aqueous media by adjusting the pH of the liquid to the range of 7-13, adding a polysulfide in an amount sufficient to combine with the elemental mercury to form a mercury sulfide which is precipitated and preventing the mercury from being resolublized.

Abstract: A chip thickness classifier comprising a drum mounted for rotation about its longitudinal axis and having its periphery formed by a plurality of discrete longitudinally extending bars of elongated cross-section. The bars are arranged in substantially shingled relationship with one side of each bar spaced closer to the axis of rotation of the drum than the other side of the bar thereby to form outlet passages between adjacent bars. The outlet passages are substantially axially extending slots having their major width dimension measured substantially radially of the axis of rotation of the drum. Each of said bars is mounted for rotation about a longitudinally extending axis of the bar and the bars are interconnected by an adjustment mechanism that applies simultaneous incremental movement to stepwise rotate said bars and change said width dimension of the outlet passage. The drum is rotated in the direction wherein the side of each said bar closest the axis of rotation of the drum leads.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining the fractional distribution of fibers by specific surface in a sample of mechanically treated pulp comprising: a hydrocyclone, at least two collecting chambers, a pump to feed pulp to said hydrocyclone, means to selectively connect the pump inlet with each chamber and means to selectively connect one of the outlets of the hydrocyclone to a selected chamber.

Abstract: A blank or tray formed therefrom and including a bottom wall and side walls with the end walls formed by an end panel having a slit therein and by end flaps connected to the side walls and provided with upper and lower tabs. The structure of each flap is such that it may be folded along a diagonal fold-line to permit the upper tab to be moved into a position to be slid through the slot in the adjacent end panel and then the flap forced into a straightened position with the bottom tab received in a hole in the bottom wall. If desired, a lid assembly may be provided, the lid assembly having tabs thereon adapted to be received within extensions of the slit through which the top tab is received.

Abstract: A surface sensor utilizing a light source for projecting light onto a travelling surface and thereby illuminate a limited area of said surface is combined with at least two angularly spaced sensors and arranged to detect light reflected. Signals are generated in accordance with the amount of light received and these signals are processed to obtain at least one of (a) an indication of topographical surface characteristics of the web surface while suppressing the effects of changes in reflectivity of the surface and (b) indication of the change in reflectivity while suppressing the effects of topography of the surface.

Abstract: A method of making ferro-lime in a rotary lime kiln by feeding pellets containing iron into the kiln together with the stone to be processed. The pellets should be substantially dust free and strong enough to withstand the tumbling action of the kiln without disintegrating, and should be of a size and density compatible with the stone being fed to ensure proper mixing within the kiln. This invention is particularly adapted to the formation of ferro-lime or dolomitic ferro-lime.