Abstract: The present invention relates to a tube-side sequentially pulsable-flow, shell-and-tube heat exchanger apparatus and a chemical processing system comprising and methods of heat exchange employing the same.

Abstract: A process for producing a chlorohydrin, an ester of a chlorohydrin, or a mixture thereof including the steps of contacting, in a hydrochlorination reactor, a multihydroxylated aliphatic hydrocarbon, an ester of a multihydroxylated aliphatic hydrocarbon, or a mixture thereof with a source of a hydrogen chloride, in the presence of a hydrophobic or extractable carboxylic acid catalyst is provided.

Abstract: An ethylene-based polymer characterized as having a density from about 0.9 to about 0.94 grams per cubic centimeter, a molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn) from about 4 to about 10, a melt index (I2) from about 0.05 to about 2 grams per 10 minutes, a gpcBR value greater than 0.05 as determined by a gpcBR Branching Index and a Y value greater than 0.4 is disclosed. This ethylene-based polymer is especially useful for blending with other polymers such as LLDPE. When converting the blends into film, especially shrink film, the film shows good optics, good shrink tension, high stiffness, high tensile modulus, and tensile strength. When this resin is blended at with a LLDPE on a blown film line, improvements are seen in haze, gloss, clarity, and MD and CD tear as compared to a comparative LDPE.

Abstract: Described are novel dicationic polyhydroxyl compounds and their uses in personal care compositions.

Abstract: Some embodiments include methods of forming patterns. A first mask is formed over a material. The first mask has features extending therein and defines a first pattern. The first pattern has a first level of uniformity across a distribution of the features. A brush layer is formed across the first mask and within the features to narrow the features and create a second mask from the first mask. The second mask has a second level of uniformity across the narrowed features which is greater than the first level of uniformity. A pattern is transferred from the second mask into the material.

Abstract: A biocidal composition comprising 2,2-dibromomalonamide and a metal selected from silver, copper, and mixtures thereof, and its use for the control of microorganisms in aqueous and water-containing systems.

Abstract: Polymer powders comprising in copolymerized form a) one or more vinyl aromatic comonomers, b) one or more 1,3-diene comonomers, c) from 0.1 to 15 percent, based on the total comonomer weight, of one or more comonomers selected from the group consisting of ethylenically unsaturated mono- and dicarboxylic acids and their salts, wherein at least 75 percent of the total number of carboxylic groups present in the polymer are located at the surface of the polymer particles in the powder and at least 75 percent of the carboxylic groups located at the surface of the polymer particles in powder are present in their salt form, and d) from 0 to 40 percent, based on the total comonomer weight, of one or more additional comonomers have an excellent redispersibility in water.

Abstract: A chemical mechanical polishing pad is provided having a polishing layer; and a window incorporated into the polishing layer; wherein the polishing layer comprises a reaction product of ingredients, including: a polishing layer prepolymer and a polishing layer curative system; wherein the polishing layer curative system includes a polishing layer amine initiated polyol curative, a polishing layer high molecular weight polyol curative and a polishing layer difunctional curative; and, wherein the window comprises a reaction product of ingredients, including: a window prepolymer and a window curative system; wherein the window curative system includes a window difunctional curative, a window amine initiated polyol curative and a window high molecular weight polyol curative; and, wherein the polishing layer exhibits a density of ?0.6 g/cm3; a Shore D hardness of 5 to 40; an elongation to break of 100 to 450%; and, a cut rate of 25 to 150 ?m/hr.

Abstract: Butadiene polymers are brominated using a quaternary ammonium or quaternary phosphonium tribromide as the brominating agent. The bromination is performed in a solvent mixture than contains at least one polyhalogenated alkane and at least one monohalogenated alkane. The process proceeds easily under mild conditions and allows high conversions to be achieved easily.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing electrically interconnected solar cell assemblies, including the steps of: positioning at least a first interconnect element (64) in an alignment feature of a top carrier and facing a top surface of a first photovoltaic cell (60); adhering the first interconnect element to a location on the top surface of the first cell, wherein a length of the first interconnect element extends beyond a trailing edge (68) of the first cell; and adhering a portion of the length of the first interconnect element that extends beyond a trailing edge of the first cell to the bottom surface of a second cell (62). In one aspect, a system is provided for assembling solar cell strings, including cell transfer equipment, a bottom pallet including grooves, multiple top pallets including grooves, an adhesive dispensing system, a ribbon supply mechanism, and a system for moving ribbons and top pallets.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are processes for preparing carbonized polymers, such as carbon fibers, comprising: sulfonating a polymer with a sulfonating agent that comprises SO3 gas to form a sulfonated polymer; treating the sulfonated polymer with a heated solvent, wherein the temperature of said solvent is at least 95° C.; and carbonizing the resulting product by heating it to a temperature of 500-3000° C.

Abstract: Compositions are provided that comprise: (1) a polymer selected from the group consisting of: (A) an ethylene/?-olefin multiblock interpolymer; (B) a propylene based plastomer or elastomer; and (C) a mixture of (A) and (B); (2) from about 1 to about 75 weight percent filler based on the weight of the composition; and (3) an effective amount of tackifier.

Abstract: The hydration of clays and shale in drilling operations may be inhibited by employing an aqueous based drilling fluid comprising a shale hydration inhibition agent having the formula wherein R is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbons, R1 is an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbons, and X is an anion. The shale hydration inhibition agent should be present in the aqueous based drilling fluid in sufficient concentration to reduce the reactivity, such as swelling, of clays and shale when exposed to water-based drilling fluids.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure include a method of separating an oil-in-water emulsion formed during crude oil production into a water phase and an oil phase that includes adding 1 part-per-million (ppm) to 10000 ppm of a cationic vinyl imidazolium-based copolymer to the oil-in-water emulsion, based on the total volume of the oil-in-water emulsion, to form a water phase and an oil phase, and separating the water phase from the oil phase.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure include a method of separating an oil-in-water emulsion formed during crude oil production into a water phase and an oil phase that includes adding 1 part-per-million (ppm) to 10000 ppm of an N-vinylpyrrolidone based cationic copolymer to the oil-in-water emulsion, based on the total volume of the oil-in-water emulsion, to form a water phase and an oil phase, and separating the water phase from the oil phase.

Abstract: A curable epoxy resin composition including (a) at least one epoxy resin; and (b) at least one hardener; wherein the curable epoxy resin composition has at least two exotherm peaks representing at least two distinct chemical reactions and wherein the exothermic peak difference of the two exotherm peaks is sufficient to allow the curable epoxy resin composition of being B-staged.

Abstract: Lubricant compositions including a random or block copolymer first high-EO content polyalkylene glycol, a random copolymer second polyalkylene glycol based on propylene oxide and butylene oxide or a second polyalkylene homopolymer having propylene oxide or butylenes oxide units and at least one corrosion inhibitor selected from the group of sarcosines, amine phosphates, and calcium dinonylnaphthalenesulfonate/carboxylates are provided. Lubricant compositions for extreme conditions are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention is directed at a binder for a battery electrode comprising an ethylene oxide-containing copolymer including a first monomer of ethylene oxide (EO) and at least one additional monomer selected from an alkylene-oxide that is different from the first monomer of EO, an alkyl glycidyl ether, or a combination thereof; wherein the ethylene oxide-containing copolymer has a weight average molecular weight less than about 200,000 g/mole (e.g., from about 10,000 to about 100,000), the molar fraction of the first monomer of EO (XEo) in the ethylene oxide-containing copolymer is greater than 0.80 (e.g., from about 0.80 to about 0.995), and the ethylene oxide-containing copolymer has a peak melting temperature (Tp), in ° C., for a selected XEO in the range of about 0.80 to about 0.995, which is below a maximum value of Tpmax, at the selected XEO, which is calculated using the equation Tpmax=(60?150 (1?XEO)).

Abstract: Cavities are partially or entirely filled with a polymer foam. A flexible, porous mesh tube is introduced into the cavity. The mesh tube has a volume smaller than that of the cavity and has openings. A foamable liquid mixture is introduced into the mesh tube. Despite the presence of the openings, the foamable liquid mixture does not pass through the openings in the mesh tube. The captured liquid composition then expands. As the composition expands, it flows through the openings in the mesh tube and makes contact with the walls of the cavity. After curing, a polymer foam is obtained which adheres to the cavity walls.

Abstract: Processes for the production of chlorinated propenes are provided. The present processes make use of 1,2-dichloropropane, a by-product in the production of chlorohydrin, as a low cost starting material, alone or in combination with 1,2,3-trichloropropane. The present processes can also generate anhydrous HCl as a byproduct that can be removed from the process and used as a feedstock for other processes, providing further time and cost savings. Finally, the processes are advantageously conducted in the liquid phase, thereby presenting additional savings as compared to conventional, gas phase processes.