Abstract: Alloys of nylon 4.6 having good thermal stability above their melting points and a broad range of desired properties are prepared by melt mixing nylon 4.6 with at least one other nylon and a nylon copolymer. The inclusion of a copolymer in the alloy provides unexpectedly large increases in ductility and toughness.Alloys can be formulated with a unique combination of properties including, for example, elongations of at least 100%, Gardner impact strengths of at least 30 joules, tensile strengths of at least 80 MPa, and heat deflection temperatures of at least 85.degree. C.

Abstract: The molecular weight, melt viscosity and melt strength of nylon 4.6 are increased by a solid phase polymerization process conducted under anhydrous conditions at temperatures below the melting point of the nylon. In a preferred embodiment, the nylon used in the process is free of surface air, has a moisture content less than 0.2 wt %, preferably less than 0.02 wt %, and more preferably less than 0.01 wt %. It is also preferred that the extractable impurities are less than 0.2 wt %, preferably less than 0.02 wt %, and more preferably less than 0.01 wt %. The nylon 4.6 product of this anhydrous process is characterized by molecular weights in excess of 50,000, melt viscosities in excess of 600 Pascal.seconds, relative viscosities in excess of 160 and degradation ratios of 7 or less.

Abstract: Thermosettable composition suitable for the production of endless objects without the use of continuous carrier material, whereby the composition comprises an epoxy resin or an unsaturated polyester and a high molecular weight thermoplastic polymer which has a weight-average molecular weight of at least 1,000,000 g/mol in an amount to make the composition spinnable, the amount ranging from at least 0.1% where the polymer has a molecular weight of 5,000,000 g/mol or more or less than 2% where the polymer has the weight-average molecular weight of 1,000,000 g/mol, the amount decreasing as the weight-average molecular weight increases.

Abstract: Process and intermediate for preparing an intrinsically foamed thermoplastic polymer comprising a vinyl monomer and maleic acid and/or maleic anhydride, in which process a polymer composition comprising:a) a core polymer based ona.1) 12-50 moles % maleic acid and/or maleic anhydridea.2) a vinyl monomer, anda.3) optionally a third monomer, where the sum total of a1+a2+a3 is 100 moles % and the weight average molecular weight of the core polymer is 50000-500000, andb) optionally a nucleating agent, is introduced into equipment suited for making foam, in which process the core polymer, and optionally the nucleating agent, are brought to a temperature which is high enough to release CO.sub.2 from the core polymer, and in which process the polymer melt is expanded to form a polymer foam with the desired density. The core polymer is preferably a polymer of styrene and maleic anhydride.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of substituted pyridines by allowing 1-aza-1,3-butadienes to react, in the presence of a catalytic amount of secondary amine and acid, with an aldehyde or ketone, and new 1-aza-1,3-butadienes which are used in this process. Said pyridines can be obtained in high yield in a simple process with a short reaction time. The 1-aza-1,3-butadiene can, if so desired, be prepared in situ from an imine and an aldehyde.

Abstract: Process for the manufacture of a polymeric object starting from a solution of a polymer in a solvent and comprising drawing a solvent-containing polymeric object, the solvent containing a first and a second component, the first component being more volatile than the second one and drawing being effected in the presence of the second component after removal of the first component, and a solution of a spinable polymer in a solvent containing two components, one of the components being more volatile than the other.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing a polymer in which in situ polymerization of monomers takes place in the presence of a catalyst, in which the monomers are obtained by in situ activation of precursor monomers.According to the invention a premature polymerization is avoided, but polymerization only starts at the desired moment.

Abstract: Solution of UHMWPE in an organic solvent having a total PE concentration of at least 15% by weight and in which some of the PE present is crosslinked.

Abstract: A composition which is cured upon exposure to ultraviolet light in the absence of solvent is disclosed. The liquid composition is prepared by combining a liquid maleate polyester and at least one of a vinyl compound and an allyl functional compound. A photoinitiator is then added to the polymerizable liquid composition. A substrate is impregnated with the polymerizable liquid composition and exposed to actinic energy of a sufficient dosage for a sufficient amount of time to polymerize the composition to a sufficient degree to impart useful properties to the substrate. The composition can be used as a binder for fiberglass insulation, in the manufacture of transparent or semi-transparent paper and to manufacture paper for use in photocopy machines.

Abstract: The invention relates to the preparation of an optically active ester of trans-3-phenylglycidic acid in which a mixture of the 2 enantiomers of the trans-3-phenylglycidic acid ester is stereoselectively hydrolyzed using an enzyme originating from Candida antarctica and the non-hydrolyzed ester is separated off from the reaction mixture.A racemic mixture of trans-phenylglycidic acid esters is selectively and enzymatically hydrolyzed in a relatively short reaction time, the residual ester being obtained in a high yield and with a high e.e. Such esters are used for the preparation of pharmaceuticals such as benzothiazepines and benzazepines.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the continuous preparation of a mixture of a cycloalkanone, a cycloalkanol and a cycloalkylhydroperoxide. In the method, a cycloalkane, corresponding to the cycloalkenone, cycloalkenol and cycloalkylhydroperoxide, is oxidized in a continuous process, with the aid of an oxygen-containing gas, in the absence of a metal catalyst, at a temperature of between 130.degree. C. and 200.degree. C. The oxidation is at least partly carried out in the presence of between 0.002 and 2 mmol of a phenolic compound per kg of reaction mixture (mmol/kg).

Abstract: A process for producing an elongated object of an alternating copolymer of carbon monoxide and an olefinically unsaturated monomer wherein the copolymer has an intrinsic viscosity measured in m-cresol at 100.degree. C. of at least 1 dl/g, involve converting a solution of the copolymer into a solvent-containing object, removing between 90 and 99.9% of the solvent from the solvent-containing object, and stretching the thus obtained object at a temperature below the melting point of the copolymer.

Abstract: The method concerns preparing a polymer composition containing an electrically conductive polymer which is formed, in the presence of a catalyst, from polymerizable monomer units that are converted from non-polymerizable precursor monomers with the aid of a sufficiently energy-intense light source. In this method according to the invention is that the precursor monomers have a structure according to formula (I). The method according to the invention makes it possible to very easily and rapidly, and thus economically, prepare a polymer composition containing an electrically conductive polymer. Furthermore, the method according to the invention permits a polymer composition to be produced that contains an electrically conductive polymer in specifically pre-selected areas.

Abstract: The invention relates to polyesters for use in outdoor-durable coating systems such as, for instance, coil coating systems. The polyester according to the invention is based on at least 50 moles % 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid and a hexahydrophathalic acid (anhydride) as acid components. Up to a maximum of 50 moles % the polyester may be based also on acid components such as, for instance, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, decanedicarboxylic acid and/or dimerized fatty acids or acid anhydrides such as, for instance, phthalic anhydride and succinic anhydride.

Abstract: Microporous film of polyethylene with a high degree of moisture vapor transmission rate and permeability to air and a process for the production of such a film from a polyolefine by extruding a solution of the polyolefine in a first solvent, followed by cooling, the removal of the solvent and stretching of the film, in which both sides of the film are brought into close contact with a second solvent for the polyolefine before the film is contacted with the cooling agent.

Abstract: Cooling system for a liquid-cooled combustion engine including a radiator having at least one inlet and one outlet, a coolant pump and at least a control valve for controlling the flow of coolant through the radiator depending on the coolant temperature. The coolant pump and the radiator are integrated into a single unit. The coolant pump is preferably integrated in a radiator end cover, into which the control valve may also be incorporated. Such an integrated end cover may be obtained by e.g. injection molding of a thermoplastic polymer, preferably a polyamide. The number of hose connections is greatly reduced by the integration.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of high-molecular-weight polytetramethylene adipamide from equivalent amounts of 1,4-diaminobutane and adipic acid at lower pressures. By supplying 1,4-diaminobutane at an advanced stage of the polycondensation a first polycondensate is obtained that can be extruded very well and that can be aftercondensed in the solid phase to obtain a product with a high molecular weight within a short time. Because of this a substantial overall gain in time is realized. It even appears to be possible to prepare a first polycondensate with a relative viscosity that is high enough for the polycondensate to be further processed into shaped objects.The polycondensation can be carried out both in the melt and in solution.The diaminobutane can be supplied both via the liquid and via the vapour phase.

Abstract: Microporous film of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene with a high degree of moisture vapor transmission rate and a permeability to air that lies within a narrow range and a process for the production of a film with a high degree of moisture vapor transmission rate and a permeability to air that lies within a narrow range from a polyolefine by extruding a solution of the polyolefine in a first solvent, followed by cooling, the removal of the solvent and stretching of the film, in which the surface of one and only one side of the film is brought into close contact with a second solvent for the polyolefine before the film is contacted with the cooling agent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a reaction injection molding process, to a composition utilized therein as well as to a kit of parts from which the composition can be obtained. In particular, the process includes the use of a composition which contains at least 70% of low molecular weight compounds which are capable of forming a crosslinked polymer. The first component of the composition is a compound with at least an ethylenic unsaturation and an isocyanate-reactive group. The second component of the composition contains an ethylenically unsaturated monomer capable of copolymerizing with the first component. The third component of the composition is a polyisocyanate. Polymerization of the first and second components takes places prior to the reaction between the first and third components.

Abstract: A process for the preparation and processing of a hydroxylammonium salt solution involves maintaining an aqueous acid reaction medium circulation between a hydroxylammonium salt synthesis zone and an oxime synthesis zone; continuously supplying nitrate ions or nitrogen oxides to be converted into nitrate, by way of nitrogen source for the formation of the hydroxylammonium salt, to the liquid being maintained in circulation; catalytically reducing the nitrate ions with hydrogen to obtain hydroxylamine; removing the ammonium ions, formed as a by-product in the reduction of the nitrate ions, by contacting the circulating liquid with a gas flow consisting of nitrogen oxides generated in catalytic combustion of ammonia. Advantageously, 0.01 to 5 wt. % of the nitrogen oxides formed in the combustion effect reduction of the ammonium ions to nitrogen, and the remainder of the nitrogen oxides are used for the preparation of nitric acid.