Abstract: A process for the production of terephthalic acid from p-xylene and methanol by way of the dimethyl terephthalate obtained by oxidation, in the liquid phase with atmospheric oxygen in the presence of dissolved heavy metal compounds as the catalyst, of a mixture of p-xylene and a fraction containing predominantly methyl p-toluate, which fraction is recycled into the oxidation, to obtain an oxidation product containing primarily p-toluic acid and monomethyl terephthalate at a temperature of 140.degree.-170.degree. C. and under a pressure of 4-8 bar; by esterification of the oxidation product in a reactor with liquid and subsequently vaporized methanol brought to an elevated pressure, at a temperature of 220.degree.-280.degree. C.

Abstract: A single- or multiple-base powder charge for propellants is made up of at least one powder grain in the form of a shaped mass of powder having at least one internal cavity. The diameters of the internal cavities within the powder grains making up the charge are different and at least a portion thereof is smaller than the critical diameter that corresponds to the ignition pressure and that governs the penetration of the ignition flame into the internal cavities. With this arrangement at least a portion of the internal cavities is ignited with a retardation only by gas pressures that rise above the ignition pressure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to copolymers which can be used as adhesion mediating agents (adhesivers) between polymers and inorganic-oxide material. They are characterized by a reactive alkoxysilyl group and an acrylic or methacrylic acid moiety. Each of these two groups is linked to a fundamental constituent having two chain carbon atoms, this fundamental constituent being constructed on a compound having an ethylenically unsaturated group as monomer. The ratio of the alkoxysilyl groups to the acrylic or methacrylic acid esters in the new copolymers can be established as desired, for example by copolymerizing the copolymers with other compounds having ethylenically unsaturated groups, which do not have the above-named moieties. The present invention also relates to a method of preparing these new copolymers as well as intermediates which occur in the practice of this method, as formerly unknown products.

Abstract: A nucleus-nitrated aryl ether is produced by reacting an aromatic halogen-containing nitro compound with an aromatic hydroxy compound, which may be nitrated in the presence of a base. The ether may be an oligomer compound or a polymer and is suitable for use as an explosive or propellant charge.

Abstract: An improved process for incorporating glass fibers into a thermoplastic synthetic resin wherein the glass fibers are continuously mixed with a molten thermoplastic synthetic resin and the resulting mixture is shaped into a desired article, involves preheating the glass fibers to a temperature not more than the melting point of the synthetic resin, feeding the preheated glass fibers and the molten synthetic resin separately to a premixing chamber, intermixing the resin and fibers within the chamber and thereafter introducing the resultant premix continously and directly into a two-stage degasifying screw-type extruder for effecting further homogenization of the premix and for extruding the desired article. The two-stage degasifying screw-type extruder used for carrying out this process is provided with a screw having a constant screw pitch in the two stages and in each stage with a low pressure zone and a high pressure zone in succession.

Abstract: The present invention relates to liquid mixtures of alkali metal silicates, water, and trialkoxysilanes of the general formula R--Si(OR').sub.3, which harden to form silica-containing gels within a predetermined length of time. The mixtures can contain additional means for influencing the gelling and the gel strength. The most important field of application of the gels in accordance with the invention is the stabilization of soils in architecture and civil engineering.

Abstract: Facings for use as building components with a solid molded part constituting the visible side and a foam member of an inorganic and/or organic foam can be produced by shaping and heat curing from inorganic, aqueous molding compositions, wherein the molding composition contains a reactive oxide mixture, an alkali silicate solution, optionally alkali hydroxide, and fillers and auxiliary agents.

Abstract: Mat for sports and athletics with a core layer made of an elastic foam material provided on the topside with a skin-compatible top material, for example, artificial leather or a textile material, and on the underside with a skidproof layer, wherein the side rims of the mat, starting with the core layer to the underside are continuously beveled, especially at 45.degree., and the top material is equipped with a border corresponding especially to twice the thickness of the mat and projecting beyond the topside, and wherein on the inside of the projecting border two especially equal-sized, wedge-like ridges are arranged so that they extend in parallel to the side of the mat in side-by-side relationship. These ridges have the cross-section of an isosceles right triangle and a height corresponding to half the thickness of the mat and are made of an elastic foam material.

Abstract: An industrial cartridge has a case that contains a propellant charge of at least two successively arranged propellant charge powders deflagrating at differing speeds. The powders are separated from each other by a gas-permeable cover extending transversely to the case axis. The case of the cartridge contains a compressible seal at the opposite end to the base end of the case. An ignition-transmitting tube is axially arranged in the case. The tube includes, at the level of the second and/or last propellant charge powder as seen from the base, a cover which is thinner than the wall of the ignition-transmitting tube.

Abstract: An ignition system for projectiles, such as shells, bombs, or rockets is disclosed. The system has a pressure chamber defined by a double-diaphragm switch and a cap of a deformable material. The diaphragm of the double-diaphragm switch, which defines one wall of the pressure chamber, contains one or several perforations, the number and diameter of which depend on the spacing of the diaphragms, the areas thereof and the size of the pressure chamber. The double-diaphragm switch is connected to an electric ignition unit. An electrical circuit is closed only if a projectile housing a percussion fuse and the ignition system impacts on the ground or target after its flight. Any unintended ignition during firing or due to brief impact stress cannot occur.

Abstract: A primer charge containing an oxidizing agent and an initiating explosive. The charge contains as the oxidant zinc peroxide and as the initiating explosive diazodinitrophenol and/or a strontium salt of mono- and/or dinitrodihydroxydiazobenzene. In correspondence with the content of the strontium salt employed, the charge can also be utilized with low tamping; alternatively, such tamping can be selected at will. The charge is furthermore distinguished by lead-free and barium-free combustion products so that the charge does not exhibit the properties which make the heretofore known primer charges deleterious to the health of humans.

Abstract: A cap-shaped cover for hollow-charge mines is adapted to form a hollow cavity adjacent to a portion of the mine. The cover, in its initial position, is in a folded, collapsed, introverted or the like closed condition and in its operational position, the cover is extended by a compression spring to assume a shell-like, hemispherical, or open configuration that defines the cavity. The cover includes at least one ventilating device for venting of the closed cover, a flexible body portion and the compression spring. The spring is formed of at least two separate, identical parts. These parts are arranged in the cover in such a way that the compression spring is symmetrical in all vertical section planes. The lead angle of a central turn section of each individual part of the compression spring, in the operational position of the compression spring, is 15.degree.-45.degree., at least in the zone adjoining an outer turn section.

Abstract: The present invention relates to binding agents for coating compositions which can be used for making foundry molds. The new compositions contain known polymeric titanic acid esters which are treated with chelating agents. The preferred chelating agents are beta-dioxo compounds. The chelating agents are contained in the binding agent in amounts between 0.2 and 1 gram molecule per gram atom of titanium. The new binding agents can be prepared in a simple manner from titanic acid esters, water and the chelating agent, the amount of water being selected in accordance with the degree of condensation desired in the polymeric titanic acid ester.

Abstract: A process for the production of a crude dimethyl terephthalate suitable for hydrolyzing into a fiber grade terephthalic acid involves separating a crude ester obtained from the production of dimethyl terephthalate by the Witten process by vacuum distillation at elevated pressure in a three-column series arranged distillation system. In the first distillation column of the system the crude is separated into a methyl p-toluate-rich fraction as head product; in a second column of the series, into a fraction rich in methyl ester of terephthalaldehydic acid as head product; and in a third distillation column, a crude dimethyl terephthalate fraction. The crude dimethyl terephthalate fraction has a methyl ester of terephthalaldehydic acid content of 0.01-0.1% by weight as a head product.

Abstract: An arrangement for firing a projectile from a recoilless weapon with a firing barrel open at both of its ends, by means of a propellant charge tamped toward the rear with an inert, pulverulent compensating mass, reduces the noise and the shock waves of the firing. The projectile and the compensating mass are adapted to each other with respect to their mass and the distances to be traversed by each within the firing barrel so that the compensating mass fully vacates the firing barrel only after the projectile vacates the firing barrel.

Abstract: Process and apparatus for producing a sheet or film exhibiting a colored band of varying color intensity, with an extruder for melting a stream of a thermoplastic synthetic resin and with a slot die tool (e.g.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new organosilane esters which can be characterized by the formula Y-(CH.sub.2).sub.n Si(CH.sub.3).sub.p -X.sub.m Z.sub.3-(m+p). In this formula, Y represents either a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, or it represents the mercapto moiety or the moiety ##STR1## X represents an alkoxy group with 1 to 4 carbon atoms and Z a glycol ether moiety. The index n can assume the numerical values from 1 to 3, m can be 0 or 1 and p can be 0 or 1 or 2, on the condition that m+p is equal to or less than 2. The new silanes yield very stable hydrolyzates and have good adhesion-improving properties. They are therefore particularly well suited for use in sealing compositions.

Abstract: A laminate based on epoxy resin for printed circuits has epoxy resin-impregnated outer plies, each containing a substrate of glass fibers and epoxy resin-impregnated core plies, each containing a flat textile form or construction made of synthetic thermoplastic fibers.

Abstract: A training cartridge has a plastic projectile or plastic dummy projectile wherein the projectile or dummy projectile is integrally molded on a synthetic resin sleeve open at the rear end. The sleeve is inserted in a cartridge case of metal open at its front end. The cartridge case with case shoulder and case neck formed thereon is made to be open also at the rear end so that the synthetic resin sleeve can be inserted from the rear end into the cartridge case in close contact with the inner wall thereof. A separate metallic bottom piece is inserted into the rear end of the cartridge case, sealing the case tightly toward the rear.

Abstract: Cyanacetaldehyde acetals, which can be substituted at the alpha carbon atom, form in a high yield and purity by the transposition of the appropriately substituted 3-alkoxy-nitriles with alcohols in the presence of basic catalysts from the group of the alcoholates of the alkali or alkaline earth metals, followed by deactivation of the catalyst. Short reaction times and high yields combined with a minimum production of byproducts are achieved by the continuous performance of the transposition in the continuous-flow reactor.