Abstract: This invention relates to improved plexifilamentary sheet material useful in protective apparel and filtration media, which material is comprised of substantially continuous polyethylene plexifilamentary fiber strands and has a Frazier Permeability, normalized to 1.0 oz/yd2 basis weight, of at least 2 cfm/ft2.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with flash-spinning a surface-modified structure such as a plexifilimentary yarn or a microcellular foam.

Abstract: Hydrotalcite/metal carbonate combinations are partially or fully thermally decomposed to provide catalysts useful for the conversion of ethanol and methanol to a reaction product comprising isobutanol.

Abstract: The present invention relates to azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions comprising a fluorinated olefin having the formula E- or Z—C3F7CH?CHC3F7, and at least one alcohol, halocarbon, hydrofluorocarbon, fluoroether, or alkanes and combinations thereof. In one embodiment, the one compound selected from the group consisting of alcohols, halocarbons, fluoroalkyl ethers, hydrofluorocarbons, alkanes is either methanol, ethanol, iso-propanol, n-propanol, trans-1,2-dichloroethylene, cis-1,2-dichloroethylene, n-propyl bromide, C4F9OCH3, C4F9OC2H5, HFC-43-10mee, HFC-365mfc, heptane, or combinations thereof. In another embodiment, these compositions are useful in cleaning applications as a degreasing agent or defluxing agent for removing oils and/or other residues from a surface.

Abstract: A circuitry comprises a converter means for generating an alternating current signal from an energy from an energy source, a piezo transformer with an input and an output, wherein the input of the piezo transformer is electrically coupled to the converter means, to receive the alternating current signal as an excitation on the input side from the converter means, and wherein the output of the piezo transformer is designed to provide an output current, and a load, which is coupled to the output of the piezo transformer, so that output current flows through the same. The load is designed to convert at least part of the electrical energy supplied by the output current flowing through the load into another form of energy. The load is further designed such that a useful power provided in the form of useful energy is substantially proportional to the output current. The circuitry is designed to adjust the output current to a predetermined value.

Abstract: An electro-active spectacle lens is disclosed. The disclosed lens includes a first lens optic. The disclosed lens also includes a first electro-active zone positioned in a cooperative relationship with the first lens optic. In certain embodiments, the electro-active lens includes a range finder positioned in a cooperative relationship with the electro-active lens.

Abstract: Processes and products utilizing (meth)acrylic esters of poly(trimethylene ether) glycol are provided. Products that can be made include ceramic materials, personal care products, inks, coatings, fabrics, and other articles that can be made from reaction products of (meth)acrylic ester of poly(trimethylene ether) glycol with certain monomers.

Abstract: The invention relates to resin compositions comprising a) at least one amorphous semi-aromatic polyamide; b) at least two semi-crystalline polyamides, b1) and b2) and c) at least one glass reinforcement agent and shaped articles thereof showing a good balance of properties in terms of good mechanical properties, excellent surface appearance and reduced sink marks.

Abstract: An improved process is provided for the preparation of 2,6-diamino-3,5-dinitrotoluene by amination of 2,6-dichloro-3,5-dinitrotoluene. The presence of water unexpectedly results in a highly pure product, free of glycol ether impurities. This product can be used to make highly pure 2,3,5,6-tetraaminotoluene, which in turn can be used to make high molecular weight polybenzimidazoles for high strength fibers.

Abstract: Photovoltaic cells, including silicon solar cells, and methods and compositions for making such photovoltaic cells are provided. A silicon substrate having p-type silicon base and an n-type silicon layer is provided with a silicon nitride layer, an exchange metal in contact with the silicon nitride layer, and a non-exchange metal in contact with the exchange metal. This assembly is fired to form a metal silicide contact on the silicon substrate, and a conductive metal electrode in contact with the metal silicide contact. The exchange metal is from nickel, cobalt, iron, manganese, molybdenum, and combinations thereof, and the non-exchange metal is from silver, copper, tin, bismuth, lead, antimony, arsenic, indium, zinc, germanium, gold, cadmium, berrylium, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: In a first aspect the invention is a solid core fibrillation-resistant, synthetic polymeric filament having three substantially equal length convex sides. The sides through substantially rounded tips centered by a distance “a” from the axis of the filament. Each rounded tip has a radius substantially equal to a length “b”. Each tip lies on a circumscribed circle having a radius substantially equal to a length (a+b) and the midpoint of each side lies on an inscribed circle having a radius substantially equal to a length “c”. The filament has a denier-per-filament in the range 10<“dpf”<35; the distance “a” lies in the range 0.00025 inches (6 micrometers)<“a”<0.004 inches (102 micrometers); the distance “b” lies in the range from 0.00008 inches (2 micrometers)<“b”<0.001 inches (24 micrometers); the distance “c” lies in the range from 0.0003 inches (8 micrometers)<“c”<0.0025 inches (64 micrometers); and the modification ratio (“MR”) lies in the range from about 1.1<“MR”<about 2.0.

Abstract: This invention pertains to a method for controlling lepidopteran, homopteran, hemipteran, thysanopteran and coleopteran insect pests comprising contacting the insects or their environment with an arthropodicidally effective amount of a compound of Formula I, its N-oxide or an agriculturally suitable salt thereof wherein A and B and R1 through R8 are as defined in the disclosure. This invention further relates to a bezoxazinone compound of Formula 10 wherein R4 through R8 are as defined in the disclosure, useful for preparation of a compound of Formula I.

Abstract: Lignocellulosic biomass comprising lignin is treated with a solvent, such as organosolv, under alkaline conditions at elevated temperatures, filtered, then contacted with a gas comprising ozone to produce a readily saccharifiable biomass.

Abstract: Cobaloxime derivatives and methods of producing cobaloxime derivatives are disclosed herein. Methods of producing decolorized homo- and co-polymers through polymerization of monomers in presence of the cobaloxime derivatives and decolorization of the produced polymer by exposing the polymer to a sorbent and, optionally, a solvent are also disclosed herein.

Abstract: Provided are polyfluorinated carboxylic acids and their salts containing an ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene moiety. The polyfluorinated carboxylic acids and salts are useful as surfactants in polymerization processes.

Abstract: Peptides having strong affinity for silica as well as surfaces comprising silica are described. The silica-binding peptides may be used to construct peptide based-reagents suitable for delivery of a silica-coated particulate benefit agent to a surface, such as body surface, for personal care and cosmetic applications. Peptide-based reagents formed by coupling at least one of the silica-binding peptides to at least one body surface-binding peptide, either directly or through a spacer, are described. The peptide-based reagents may be used in conjunction with at least one silica-coated colorant to color body surfaces.

Abstract: Biomass is pretreated using an organic solvent solution, under alkaline conditions, in the presence of one or more organo-mercaptan and optionally one or more additional nucleophile to fragment and extract lignin. Pretreated biomass is further hydrolyzed with a saccharification enzyme consortium. Fermentable sugars released by saccharification may be utilized for the production of target chemicals by fermentation.

Abstract: Biomass is pretreated using an organic solvent solution under alkaline conditions in the presence of one of more sulfide (hydrosulfide) salt and optionally one or more additional nucleophile to fragment and extract lignin. Pretreated biomass is further hydrolyzed with a saccharification enzyme consortium. Fermentable sugars released by saccharification may be utilized for the production of target chemicals by fermentation.

Abstract: Short single chain peptides having affinity for a target surface often lack the binding durability required for certain commercial applications. One way to improve durability is to promote multivalent binding by linking together binding sequences using peptide linkers. However, the resulting single chain binding peptides often suffer from linker entropy. It has been discovered that the use of rigid peptide linkers when linking together multiple binding sequences enhances the binding affinity of the resulting single chain peptide.