Abstract: A method of exchanging data streams between a local exchange and a number of access devices for serving a plurality of destination users, the method comprises the steps of: (a) providing a local exchange capable of generating at least one output data stream and of receiving at least one corresponding input data stream for carrying data blocks respectively relevant to one or more of the access devices; (b) providing two or more said access devices, each permitting passage there-through of at least one data stream carrying data blocks, being capable of extracting, from said at least one data stream, data blocks relevant to this particular device and of introducing there-into data blocks to be transmitted from this particular device to the local exchange; and (c) arranging one or more close loop data streams, each being intended for serving said two or more access devices using one of said output data streams and the corresponding input data stream of the local exchange, by causing the output data stream leaving

Abstract: There is proposed a method and a module for real time control of power per optical channel in a multi-channel optical communication line formed by a group of optical elements connected in a chain by fiber spans. The group of elements comprises one or more optical fiber amplifiers (OFA); each of the spans is characterized by its span loss, while each of the OFA is characterized by its gain and its designed output power per channel. The method comprises steps of calculating an expected total input power value (EIP) for a particular optical amplifier (OFA) in the line, measuring a real total input power (MIP) at the particular optical amplifier, and comparing the values. If a difference between the EIP and the MIP at the OFA exceeds a predetermined value, the method (and the module) ensures adjusting the gain of the OFA to maintain its output power per channel constant.

Abstract: A device for remote line powering in a telecommunication network in which electric power is supplied via a plurality of line pairs and aggregated to provide electric power suitable for powering an appliance. The electric power supplied via each of the line pairs is adapted not to exceed a pre-defined threshold.

Abstract: The invention discloses a cyclic generator of enabling/disabling signals (EG) adapted to convert an incoming data stream having a bit rate RI into an outgoing data stream having a bit rate R2, wherein R1≅mR2/n , m<n, m and n—integers being parameters of said EG selected to provide m enable signals per n clocks of the bit rate R2, wherein the EG is characterized by having a number of internal states <n and being capable of generating periodic enabling/disabling output signals such that the disable signals are optimally distributed among the enable signals.

Abstract: A method for detecting troubles in transmission over a layer of connection in an SDH/SONET telecommunication network, the method comprising a step of obtaining periodically transmitted strings having a standard length (16 or 64 bytes), wherein each of the strings is formed using an overhead byte defined in the layer for the purpose; the method also comprises a step of checking the strings by applying to them a BIP16 procedure.

Abstract: A logical Management Information Base (MIB) residing in a Network Element (NE) including one or more Performance Management (PM) Group managed entities each having at least one PM Counter attribute, and a pointer; and a Threshold Crossing Alert (TCA) profile managed entity, each instance thereof having at least one PM Counter attribute, and an associated threshold value, where an instance of an PM Group managed entity points to an instance of the TCA profile managed entity whose at least one PM Counter attribute match those of the PM Group managed entity whereupon each of whose at least one PM Counter attribute is correspondingly assigned a threshold value from the TCA profile managed entity instance.

Abstract: A method for enabling communication between synchronous network elements, which is adapted to support dynamic application of various types of changes, such as adding a new channel, to an aligned group of virtually concatenated channels carrying communication traffic between these elements.

Abstract: A cell bus arbitration system comprises a data bus and a plurality of modules operative for sending data in data cell. The modules are connected to the data bus and each one of the modules is in communication with each one of the other modules via at least one control line such that each one of the modules is capable of receiving control signals generated by each other module. Arbitration logic assigns bus mastery to one of the modules.

Abstract: An optical transmission system comprising a plurality of telecommunication channels, characterized in that when a failure occurs in one or more of said telecommunication channels, a continuous operation of the non-failing telecommunication channels is enabled, provided that the overall transmitted energy in said non-failing telecommunication channels exceeds a pre-defined threshold.

Abstract: A telecommunications system including an at least partially digital telephone link having an analog end portion, first and second modems disposed along the link, and analog/digital devices disposed along the link intermediate the modems which are operative to support communications between the first and second modems substantially at bit rates in excess of 28.8 Kbps.

Abstract: A method, a system and a module are proposed for detecting and locating faults in an optical multi channel network composed of network nodes. The method includes assigning different sub-carrier pilot tones to a number of the nodes comprising Network Elements (NE), applying the different sub-carrier pilot tones to any signal added to the network via the respective nodes, checking presence of one or more of the sub-carrier pilot tones at one or more points of the network, and, based on results of the checking, locating a faulty section of the network in case a fault occurred.

Abstract: A method for compression of signaling information in a telecommunication network, the method comprising the steps of a) providing a transmission link for transmitting a transmission including signaling information from a transmitting end of the transmission to its receiving end, b) at the transmitting end, suppressing the transmission of at least some of the signaling information in accordance with a prevailing compression scheme; and c) at the receiving end, regenerating the signaling information suppressed at the transmitting end.

Abstract: A network protection architecture including a top ring with an I/O Node A having a transmit tributary TTA and a receive tributary RTA, a top down west working channel WCAB, a bottom up west working channel WCBA, a top down east protection channel PCAC, a bottom up east protection channel PCCA, and two double switch interconnection nodes B and C; a bottom ring with an I/O Node Z having a transmit tributary TTZ and a receive tributary RTZ, a top down west working channel WCDZ, a bottom up west working channel WCZD, a top down east protection channel PCEZ, a bottom up east protection channel PCZE, and two double switch interconnection nodes D and E; the interconnection nodes B and D having a receive line RLBD and a transmit line TLDB bridging thereacross; the interconnection nodes C and E having a receive line RLCE and a transmit line TLEC bridging thereacross; the interconnection node B having switches S1 and S5, the switch S1 switching the receive line RLBD between the working channel WCAB and the protection c

Abstract: A method of forwarding signals over a cellular link. The method includes receiving, at a first base station of a cellular fixed network, a packet of signals having a data payload directed to a second base station, determining whether the data payload will be used by the second base station, and forwarding the entire packet if the data payload will be used and not forwarding the entire packet if the data payload will not be used.

Abstract: Method and circuitry for determining the timing of data arriving to a predetermined point via a data-bus from two or more data sources located at different locations along the data-bus. The timing is initiated by a first clock signal selected from a plurality of clock signals, at a frequency that is transmitted from a first clock generator. For each data source, the total phase-shift of the data relative is equalized to the phase of the transmitted first clock signal. The total phase-shift is determined by transmitting a first clock signal via a separate transmission path and receiving it at the end of the path. The determined total phase-shift is then utilized for enabling data reading.

Abstract: A method of determining the integrity of a linked list stored in a memory block, comprises the steps of, providing a series of independent bit positions, defining each of the independent bit positions to correspond to one of the cells, setting each of the independent bit positions to a predetermined setting, resetting each of the independent bit positions upon access of its defined corresponding cell, and then, after a predetermined interval testing the independent bit positions. If then any of the independent bit positions have not been reset by the time the test is made, an error condition is set.

Abstract: To support a changing volume of a voice-grade traffic in an access network having a local exchange with a limited capacity, there are proposed the following steps. The first step is to provide two or more access networks such that each having its subscribers and its associated local exchange with a limited capacity; each of the access networks is capable of dividing traffic, outgoing from its subscribers, into the voice-grade traffic portion and data traffic portion, and capable of directing the data traffic portion to a packet network while directing the voice-grade traffic portion to a PSTN network via the associated local exchange. The PSTN network and the packet network are respectively common for the access networks. There should be defined an overload condition of a local exchange as a condition when traffic there-through equals to a predetermined threshold, and a normal load condition of the local exchange when traffic there-through is below the predetermined threshold.

Abstract: A method and a device for compensation of nonlinearity appearing in optical fiber links due to the positive Kerr effect created by optical fibers, the method comprises conveying an optical signal via one or more such compensating devices, each being capable of creating the negative Kerr effect for one or more optical wavelengths.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for detecting an error rate of a data stream. The data stream is divided into a sequence of blocks, and a detection interval is defined including a predetermined number of blocks in the sequence. For one or more of the blocks in the detection interval, respective error measures are computed responsive to the error rate of the data stream. The one or more blocks in the detection interval are classified as good or bad blocks by comparing the respective error measures to a first threshold. It is estimated that an error condition exists in the data stream by comparing a count of the bad blocks in the interval to a second threshold.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for the alignment of optical interconnections between at least one optical data transmission point and at least one corresponding optical data receiving point. A collimated beam of data carrying light is polarized through an electrically-controlled light polarizer, such as a spatial light modulator or a liquid crystal, which comprises an array of pixels. A focused beam of the data-carrying light, emitted from the light polarizer, is obtained on the receiving point, by individually controlling the polarization of each pixel, and deflecting the direction of the collimated beam when emitted from the light polarizer, until a predetermined value of an electrical signal (current and/or voltage) representing the level of alignment is obtained. The collimated beam is further continuously and/or adaptively aligned by determining a desired current and a threshold current and/or voltage produced by an optical sensor at the receiving point.