Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and method of classifying packets that can support a quality of service (QoS) in a network system.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of receiving signal are provided. The apparatus includes an amplifier that controls a gain according to a gain control signal and amplifies a received signal to generate an amplified signal, an analog-to-digital (A/D) converter that converts the amplified signal into a digital signal, a Fourier transform unit that performs Fourier transform of the digital signal to a frequency domain signal to generate a Fourier transform signal, a demodulator that demodulates the Fourier transform signal to generate a demodulated signal, and an automatic gain control unit that divides the Fourier transform signal into a noise period and a symbol period, calculates the signal level of the noise period based on the signal level of the symbol period, and generates the gain control signal according to the signal levels of the symbol period and the noise period.

Abstract: There are provided an apparatus and method for detecting an executable code, capable of verifying reliability of an extracted signature by determining whether there is present an executable code in network data by using instruction pattern information related calling mechanism of function for distinguishing the executable code from a non-executable code, the method including: forming instructions by reverse assembling network data suspicious as an attack; comparing the respective formed instructions with instruction patterns according to calling mechanism of function; and determining whether there is present an executable code in the network data according to a result of the comparing.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus and method for detecting a malicious file that attempts to initiate communication in a mobile terminal without a user's approval. The method of detecting a malicious file in a mobile terminal includes: determining whether a file to be examined is an executable file; when the file is an executable file, examining whether the file is a malicious file that can cause unapproved communication based on at least one predetermined examination condition; and outputting the result of examining whether the file is the malicious file. Accordingly, an attack caused by a new type of malicious code can be coped with.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus for a dynamic header compression and a method thereof. The method for a dynamic header compression includes: receiving a received packet having a header from an upper layer; comparing header information of the received packet with header information of a previous packet; when a suppression part of the received packet is the same as a suppression part of the previous packet, compressing the received packet based on a predetermined header suppression rule; and when the suppression part of the received packet is not the same as the suppression part of the previous packet, transmitting the received packet without compression.

Abstract: Provided are a biosensor and a method of driving the same. The biosensor includes a transistor including a substrate including a source, a drain, and a channel formed between the source and the drain, a gate insulating layer formed on the channel, and a source electrode and a drain electrode respectively connected with the source and the drain, a fluid line for covering the transistor to have an inner space together with the transistor and in which a sample solution including target molecules flows, a reference electrode formed on an inner wall of the fluid line, and a probe molecule layer attached on the reference electrode and reacting with the target molecules. Accordingly, the reference electrode is formed on the inner wall of the fluid line, enabling miniaturization of the bio device.

Abstract: A treatment apparatus using proton includes a proton generation unit and a magnet. The proton generation unit projects proton into a tumor site of a patient, and the magnet forms a magnetic field around the patient. The proton conducts a spiral motion due to collision with atom of the tumor site and Lorenz force generated by the magnetic field.

Abstract: An apparatus for processing a PCI Express protocol, includes: a PCI Express transaction layer reception unit for transmitting status information, and performing a data writing operation; a PCI Express data link layer transmission unit for creating a flow control packet, transmitting the flow control packet to a PCI Express physical layer, and transmitting an integrity acknowledgement packet to the PCI Express physical layer; and a PCI Express physical layer for transmitting the flow control packet and the integrity acknowledgement packet to an upstream device, and transmitting the writing request packet to a PCI Express data link layer reception unit. Further, the apparatus includes a PCI Express data link layer reception unit for transmitting the writing request packet to the PCI Express transaction layer reception unit, and transmitting the integrity acknowledgement packet to the PCI Express data link layer transmission unit and a PCI Express transaction layer reception unit.

Abstract: Provided are a multiple-gate MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) transistor and a method of manufacturing the same. The transistor includes a single crystalline active region having a channel region having an upper portion of a streamlined shape (?) obtained by patterning an upper portion of a bulk silicon substrate with an embossed pattern, and having a thicker and wider area than the channel region; a nitride layer formed at both side surfaces of the single crystalline active region to expose an upper portion of the single crystalline active region at a predetermined height; and a gate electrode formed to be overlaid with the exposed upper portion of the single crystalline active region of the channel region.

Abstract: Disclosed is a downloadable conditional access system (DCAS) including a key request unit to transmit a key request message to an authentication server, an authentication request unit to request authentication from the authentication server based on a key response message received from the authentication server in response to the key request message, and a session establishment unit to establish a session with the authentication server, based on an authentication response message received in response to the authentication request.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for receiving signal for extent of timing synchronization in MB-OFDM UWB System. The invention divides the digital samples completed of sampling twice as much as minimum sampling clock required to restore the MB-OFDM received signal into ODD data path and EVEN data path, executes the packet detection and timing synchronization for each of divided path and selects the data of path with larger cross correlation value at the timing synchronization point to secure the stable receiving performance in system environment with severe frequency offset and prevent the FTT window shift within preamble section through adding minimum hardware and structural change without increasing the system clock.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fast uplink ranging system and method in a mobile communication system. According to the present invention, a fast uplink ranging system transmits two pairs of ranging codes having the same value at locations spaced by half of FFT pointers. The fast uplink ranging system calculates a correlation value using the received two pairs of ranging codes. An order in which complex exponential twiddle factors for removing complex exponential terms corresponding to a time delay are searched is determined using the correlation value. Therefore, it is possible to reduce a time required for searching a timing error of a terminal using non-periodic symmetry of complex exponential twiddle factors corresponding to the timing error, compared with a known method of searching a complex exponential twiddle factor.

Abstract: Provided is a bus signal encoding/decoding method and apparatus. The bus signal encoding method includes receiving a bus signal, XOR-operating all but the first byte sequence of the bus signal in a bitwise manner, inverting the even-numbered byte sequences of the XOR-operated bus signal in a bitwise manner, and serializing the inverted bus signal.

Abstract: Provided are a coefficient multiplier and digital delta-sigma modulator using the same. The coefficient multiplier has the average of output signals of respective dependent multipliers as an effective coefficient using a coefficient averaging technique without employing an adder that has a complex structure and occupies a large chip area. Accordingly, the coefficient multiplier has a simple hardware constitution and small chip area in comparison with a canonical signed digit (CSD) coefficient multiplier, and the digital delta-sigma modulator employing the coefficient multiplier has a simple structure and small size.

Abstract: Provided is a method and apparatus for processing a plurality of network addresses in a mobile terminal. The method for processing a plurality of network addresses in the mobile terminal includes: storing combinations of an HoA (home address), a plurality of CoAs (care-of addresses) and a plurality of network interfaces of the mobile terminal, through which the mobile terminal may be connected to a plurality of networks; when the mobile terminal transmits packets to a target node, selecting a network interface combination for connecting the mobile terminal to the target node from among the combinations, and setting a corresponding path; and transmitting the packets through the set path.

Abstract: There is provided a digital Direct Current (DC) offset correction method and device. The device includes a digital-analog converter charging a load capacitor according to an input code value and generating an initial voltage value of the load capacitor; a comparator comparing an output DC offset value of a discrete-time amplifier and filter on the basis of the initial voltage value with a preset output DC offset value when the discrete-time amplifier and filter and the load capacitor are connected to each other; and a controller changing the input code value of the digital-analog converter according to comparison result of the comparator.

Abstract: A successive approximation resistor analog digital converter (SAR ADC) includes a first conversion unit including a correction capacitor array and a bit capacitor array 2V-1 less than the number of a bit, a second conversion unit configured to differentially operate with the first conversion unit, a comparator configured to output a voltage of a high level or a low level of each capacitor according to output voltages of the first and second conversion units, a successive approximation register (SAR) logic unit configured to receive an output voltage of the comparator to convert the received output voltage into a digital signal, and a correction logic unit configured to receive the digital signal converted by the SAR logic unit and to correct a digital signal of the bit capacitor array using a correction digital signal of the correction capacitor array of the received digital signal.

Abstract: Provided are semiconductor integrated circuits including a grating coupler for optical communication and methods of forming the same. The semiconductor integrated circuit includes: a cladding layer disposed on a semiconductor substrate; a grating coupler including an optical waveguide on the cladding layer and a grating on the optical waveguide; and at least one reflector formed in the cladding layer below the grating.

Abstract: Provided is a pipeline analog-to-digital converter (ADC) without a front-end sample-and-hold amplifier (SHA). To minimize a sampling error occurring between a flash ADC and a multiplying digital-to-analog converter (MDAC) of a first sub-ranging ADC due to removal of a front-end SHA, a delay time of a preamplifier included in the flash ADC is calculated, and the flash ADC samples an analog input signal later by the delay time than the MDAC. Accordingly, the pipeline ADC can minimize a sampling error without using a front-end SHA, and its chip area and power consumption can be reduced.

Abstract: Provided is a human body communication method using a multi-carrier modulation method, in which users do not interfere with each other in an environment with several users, and stable communication is possible when users are exposed to strong interference generated at other electronic devices. Also, provided are a multi-carrier modulation method, in which data between communication devices connected to a human body used as a channel is divided into a plurality of sub-channels and the data is transmitted by loading it on each of a plurality of sub-carrier signals, and a multi-connection method using the multi-carrier modulation method. The plurality of sub-channels having a predetermined bandwidth include several sub-carriers, and by changing a modulation method applied to the sub-carriers, stable communication can be realized.