Abstract: A method for adding silica fume to a dry shotcrete mixture wherein the silica fume is added together with the water supplied to the dry mixture in the spray nozzle.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a tiltable ladle having a cover and a suspension frame said suspension frame comprising two lifting arms rotatably connected to trunnions affixed to the outside of the wall of the ladle and a horizontal beam above the ladle equipped with a hook. The top of the ladle and the ladle cover are formed as segments of a cylinder, the focal axis at these cylinder segments being the pivotal axis at the ladle, and the cover being affixed to the suspension frame.According to another embodiment the focal axis of these cylinder segments are placed at one side of, above, at, or blow the pivot axis of the ladle, the ocover being affixed to the suspension frame, in such a way that the cover closes the ladle when the ladle and the suspension arms are in vertical position.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a ceramic composite material having a high thermal conductivity. The ceramic composite material consists of a network of metal fibers embedded in a ceramic material and where the network of fibers on one side of the ceramic composite material extends out to the surface of ceramic composite material. A part of the metal fibers may be substituted by ceramic fibers and/or carbon fibers. Preferably, the area of the network of metal fibers occupies 60-95% of the total area of the surface wherein the network of metal fibers extends out to the surface of the ceramic composite material. The present invention further relates to a refractory lining for metallurgical smelting furnace wherein at least a part of the above described ceramic composite material is connected by a metallic bond to a cooled metallic part of the smelting furnace.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a ceramic composite material having a high thermal conductivity. The ceramic composite material consists of a network of metal fibers embedded in a ceramic material and where the network of fibers on one side of the ceramic composite material extends out to the surface of ceramic composite material. A part of the metal fibers may be subtituted by ceramic fibers and/or carbon fibers.Preferably, the area of the network of metal fibers occupies 60-95% of the total area of the surface wherein the network of metal fibers extends out to the surface of the ceramic composite material.The present invention further relates to a refractory lining for metallurgical smelting furnace wherein at least a part of the above described ceramic composite material is connected by a metallic bond to a cooled metallic part of the smelting furnace.

Abstract: The present application relates to an outer shell for electrolytic cell for molten salt electrolysis preferably an electrolytic cell for production of aluminium, wherein the outer shell is made from concrete.The present application further relates to a method for producing a cathode for molten salt electrolysis where the cathode is built up on a form having outer dimensions and shape corresponding to the inner dimensions and shape of the finished cathode, by successively placing on said form bottom carbon blocks, eventual intermediate carbon blocks, sidewall carbon blocks, busbars, and eventual barrier layer and refractory insulation material layers, whereafter an outer shell made from concrete is cast upon the layers of refractory insulation material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an arrangement for suspension of a baking furnace (19) for continuous production of carbon electrodes in direct connection with the smelting furnace (2) wherein the electrodes are consumed. The baking furnace is suspended from a baking furnace frame (15) by means of at least three rails (16), said rails (16) being connected to the baking furnace frame (15) at their upper ends by means of first universal joints (17) and the baking furnace (19) being connected to the rails (16) by means of second universal joints (25) and wherein the baking furnace at its upper ends are equipped with means (21) for guiding the electrode into the baking furnace (19). The rails (16) are preferably threaded spindles and the baking furnace being connected to the spindles by means of nuts (20) having spherical bearings (25). At the lower end of the baking furnace there are preferably arranged at least three guide wheels (23) which via brackets (24) are affixed to the baking furnace (1).

Abstract: Silica fume subject to a mechanical reduction in size by a milling process such as a fluid energy mill or jet mill is disclosed. The overall size reduction is at least 10%. The milled silica fume product should have not more than 0.5% by weight unable to pass through a 325 mesh screen. The milled silica fume can be used in thermoplastic resins, cementitious material and refactory material. The use of the milled silica fume with UPVC or PVC to make conduit with improved elastic modulus, improved impact resistance, decreased wall thickness and increased calcium carbonate content is specifically disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a means for charging liquid slag to a closed smelting furnace. The means for charging liquid slag comprises a double walled tube extending through an opening in the furnace roof, said tube being connected to means for raising and lowering the tube relatively to the furnace roof. Means for gas tight sealing are provided between the furnace roof and the double walled tube. A funnel shaped part is secured to the upper end of the tube, said funnel shaped part being equipped with a closeable lid for gas tight closing of the funnel shaped part. For charging of liquid slag to the furnace the tube is lowered down into the furnace to such an extent that the lower end of the tube is under the slag level in the furnace, whereafter the lid is opened and liquid slag is charged into the furnace. When charging of liquid slag is finished, the lid is closed and the tube is raised to such an extent that the lower end of the tube is above the slag level in the furnace.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a baking furnace for continuous production of elongated carbon bodies having uniform cross section, the baking furnace being intended to be moved continuously or substantially continuously in relation to a casing containing unbaked carbonaceous electrode paste with a speed which corresponds to a preset baking speed for the carbon body. The baking furnace comprises an outer steel shell (5) and a refractory lining (6) arranged on the inside of the shell (5), said refractory lining (6) defining a combustion chamber (7). A cooling chamber (16) is arranged between the upper part (15) of the refractory lining (6) and the casing (3). Above the cooling chamber (16) there is provided gas sealing means (23). An off-gas channel (11) is arranged below the refractory lining (16).

Abstract: A sidewall for a metallurgical smelting furnace is disclosed. The sidewall is made from a refractory material; an evaporation cooling panel; and a convection cooling panel. The refractory material faces the interior of the furnace. A slot is formed between the evaporation cooling panel and the refractory material such that the convection cooling panel is positioned therebetween. The evaporation cooling panel and the convection cooling panel work together to cool the sidewall of the metallurgical smelting furnace.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for cutting the casing on baked carbon electrodes. The device comprises a ring (1) which is freely suspended about the electrode. At least two clamping shoes (7) having vertical extending cutting edges (17) are pivotably suspended to the ring (1). The clamping shoes (7) can be pressed against the casing (3) by means of first hydraulic cylinders (14). On the top of the ring (1) a chain (18) having a plurality of cutting wheels (19) is arranged. One end of the chain (18) is secured to a second hydraulic cylinder (26) and the other end is secured to the piston (27) of the second hydraulic cylinder (26), whereby the chain (18) can be tightened about the periphery of the electrode (2). A third hydraulic cylinder (29) is secured to the ring (1) while the piston (28) of the third hydraulic cylinder (29) is secured to the claim (18), whereby the chain (18) can be moved backwards and forwards along the circumference of the casing (3).

Abstract: A method for preventing deposits or build-ups of dust in off-gas channels for dust-containing off-gases from electrothermal smelting furnaces. This is done by blowing an additional gas tangentially into the furnace off-gas channels at the positions where build-ups or deposits of dust normally occurs. Hence a gas spiral is provided between the inner wall of the furnace off-gas channels and the dust-containing, hot furnace off-gas. Recirculated and cooled furnace off-gas is preferably used as additional gas. For open furnaces where the furnace off-gas is completely combusted before it enters into the furnace off-gas channels, air can be used as additional gas. The temperature of the additional gas is preferably kept below the sintering temperature of the dust in the furnace off-gas.

Abstract: The present invention relates to system for suspending a skid pan from a winch mounted on a tractor. The skid pan 2 is pivotably suspended from the winch frame 1 by a bolt 3. Stoppers 5 are fastened to the winch frame 1 in order to prevent the skid pan from swinging forward in the normal driving direction of the tractor. The skid pan can be locked in vertical position by a second bolts 4 which can be put into corresponding holes 6 in the skid pan 2 and the which frame 1.

Abstract: Electrode holder system for electrothermic smelting furnaces comprising current clamps for conducting electric current to an electrode and hydraulic cylinders for moving the electrode up and down. The cylinders are connected to the electrode via an electrode frame and releasable clamping means. At least two vertical rails are arranged parallel to the electrode. The rails are at their upper ends suspended from a suspension frame and have a stopper means on their lower ends. The stopper means represents the lower limit for the movement of the current clamps. The electrode holder system combines regulation of the tip position with automatic feeding of the electrode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for continuous production of elongated carbon bodies having substantial uniform cross-section where a casing filled with unbaked carbonaceous electrode paste is slowly and substantially continuously lowered down through a baking furnace having an external energy supply. The casing is perforated in order to allow baking gases to flow from the electrode paste and into the baking furnace. Air for combustion of the baking gases is supplied to the baking furnace in an amount necessary for combustion of the baking gases which flow into the baking furnace. The external energy supplied to the baking furnace is controlled in such a way that the total amount of external energy supplied to the baking furnace and the energy generated by combustion of the baking gases inside the baking furnace is sufficient to maintain a temperature inside the baking furnace of 700.degree.-1300.degree. C., preferably 900.degree.-1100.degree. C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a means for charging liquid slag to a closed smelting furnace. The means for charging liquid slag comprises a double walled tube extending through an opening in the furnace roof, said tube being connected to means for raising and lowering the tube relatively to the furnace roof. Means for gas tight sealing are provided between the furnace roof and the double walled tube. A funnel shaped part is secured to the upper end of the tube, said funnel shaped part being equipped with a closeable lid for gas tight closing of the funnel shaped part. For charging of liquid slag to the furnace the tube is lowered down into the furnace to such an extent that the lower end of the tube is under the slag level in the furnace, whereafter the lid is opened and liquid slag is charged into the furnace. When charging of liquid slag is finished, the lid is closed and the tube is raised to such an extent that the lower end of the tube is above the slag level in the furnace.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a feed device for guiding rope onto a winding drum mounted on a frame 3. The device comprises a first guide pulley 5 which is mounted on the frame 3 between the winding drum 1 and a fixed frame pulley 4, and a second guide pulley 7 which is mounted at the upper end of an arm 6. The arm 6 is pivoted to the frame 3 at its lower end at a point below the first guide pulley 5.

Abstract: Copper content in sulphide-containing materials such as ores or concentrates is extracted by leaching the material by means of a leaching solution containing iron (III) chloride and copper (II) chloride, the leaching process being regulated in order to keep the red-ox potential in the leach solution between 430 mV and 460 mV, whereby iron (III) chloride is reduced to iron (II) chloride while copper (II) chloride is kept in the bivalent state. The copper content in the ore or concentrate is thereby leached as copper (II) chloride. Copper (II) chloride is thereafter extracted from the pregnant leach solution by contacting the solution with an organic complex-ion forming extractant which extraction properties are dependent on the chloride concentration.

Abstract: A method of detecting flaws in metal members is disclosed. The metal member is exposed to high frequency heating whereupon the temperature profile across the work piece is measured, preferably by recording with an infrared camera. The recorded data can be used for automatic marking or repair of the metal member.

Abstract: A cement slurry of low specific density for cementation of oil-and gas wells is produced by mixing oil-well cement with finely divided emission products comprising amorphous silica dust which has been obtained during the electrothermal preparation of ferrosilicon and/or silicon metal, water, and any desirable dispersion components, the emission products being added in an amount in the range of 1-50% of the total weight of dry material. The emission products can either be mixed with the cement while both components are in the dry state whereupon there is added a sufficient quantity of water in order to obtain a desired specific weight of the slurry or first mixed with water and any other desired dispersion components and this slurry is mixed with the oil-well cement.