Abstract: A catch carrier (28, 28'), on which a pair of conveying catches (30) is pivotally mounted, can be reciprocated along a guide (32). Catch carrier (28, 28') and conveying catches (30) are each connected, by a flexibly resilient band (42; 62), to a sheave (44; 64) which can be rotated backwards and forwards. The two sheaves (44, 64) are so arranged and their rotary movements are so phase-displaced in relation to one another that the bands (42, 62) push the catch carrier (28, 28') and the conveying catches (30) for each working stroke, then pivot the conveying catches (30 ) into an inoperative position and pull them back together with the catch carrier (28, 28'). In regions in which at least one of the bands (42, 62) is wrapped round them, the two sheaves (44, 64) are surrounded by guide members which prevent the bands from yielding under normal loading.

Abstract: The apparatus comprises a sensor element (22) which is fitted into a rod (24) which is movable backwards and forwards and by means of which it can be moved in the interior of a hollow glass container (14) to within the vicinity of the bottom. The sensor element is provided with a movably suspended plate (30) at the bottom. If the plate (30) comes into contact with an obstacle in the form of a glass filament (bird swing or spike) in the interior of the container, it is deflected and actuates a proximity switch which delivers a signal by means of which an ejection device is actuated. The apparatus serves, in particular, for the checking of wide-necked containers in which defects in the form of spikes are considerably more frequent than defects in the form of bird swings.

Abstract: The contact wire (30) for a roller seam welding machine is provided on its front face with grooves (32) which are formed in the longitudinal direction of the wire and which are bounded by sharp longitudinal edges (34). The contact wire (30) is particularly well suited for welding metal sheets, the surfaces of which are heavily soiled or provided with coatings which are poor electrical conductors or electrically non-conducting. During the welding operation, the longitudinal edges (34) cut open the sheets to be welded or their oxide layer or coating which is a poor electrical conductor or non-conducting, and render possible a direct passage of the welding current to the actual metal sheet. Dirt as well as semi-plastic and vaporized coating material are reliably carried away to the front and rear in the longitudinal grooves so that the contact wire (30) cannot "float" during the welding operation.

Abstract: A rupturable can member (10) of sheet metal has a pair of scorings (16) which define a tearing strip (18) laterally. Welded onto the tearing strip (18) is a tongue (20) which has a thickened portion (24) at its welded-on end (22). This thickened portion is formed by a margin folded back towards the other free end (26) of the tongue (20).

Abstract: Disposed between magnetic rollers (32) which can be driven in rotation for conveying metal sheets (10) suspended from them and leave gaps (40) free between them, are pushers (44). The pushers (44) can be moved out of a retracted upper position in which they leave the sheets (10) freely suspended on the magnetic rollers (32) into a lower position in which they hold the sheets (10) at a distance below the magnetic rollers (32). The movement of the sheets (10) in the conveying direction (18) of the magnetic rollers (32) is limited by a stop (72). In the lower position, in which they have pushed a sheet (10) off the magnetic rollers (32), the pushers (44) are movable, with the sheet (10), transversely to the conveying direction (18) of the magnetic rollers (32). Disposed laterally beside the magnetic rollers (32) is a withdrawal device (76) which conveys onwards the sheets (10) that have been moved away from the magnetic rollers (32) by the pushers (44).

Abstract: Two endless flexible conveying strands (22, 24) run, parallel to one another, over a drive mechanism (26, 28), a guide mechanism (30, 32, 34) and a conveying track for the body blanks (10). The two conveying strands (22, 24) are displaceable in relation to one another to a limited extent in their longitudinal direction in operation. Pusher dogs (46, 48) are secured one behind the other to the conveying strands (22, 24) with equal spacing so that situated opposite each pusher dog (46) on one conveying strand (22) is a pusher dog (48) on the other conveying strand (24) so that these two associated pusher dogs together push a can body blank (10) over the conveying track to a welding apparatus (20). The pusher dogs (46, 48) each have a lateral projection (50, 52). Disposed on the conveying track, upstream of the welding apparatus (20), at a distance from this which coincides at least approximately to the length of the can body blanks (10), is a pair of adjusting templates (62, 64).

Abstract: A method and an apparatus are described for the stress testing of glass containers (10) which are arranged hanging, by impulse action on the bottom (14) of the container through the adjustable action of force on an impacting rod (12) resting on the bottom (14) of the container. For the action of the force, an adjustable source of energy (26) is used which may comprise an eccentric, an ultrasonic transmitter (26b), a magnetic actuating drive or the like, which acts on the end (18) of the rod (12), resting on the bottom of the container, remote from the bottom (14) of the container. The shaking exerted on the glass container during subsequent filling can be simulated by the action of the force which is adjustable in duration and/or amplitude, so that glass containers suspected of breakage can be eliminated by the stress test before being filled. The action of force can be proportioned in a simple manner so that optimum test vibration values can easily be adjusted.

Abstract: For connecting a round hollow member (10) of sheet metal tightly to a complementary inner member (12), a force fit is produced in a narrow annular region (25) between these two members (10, 12). Then at least two electrodes (90) are applied to the hollow member (10) from the outside in the annular region and during relative rotation between the electrodes (90) on the one hand and the two members (10, 12) on the other hand, electrical resistance welding is carried out during which the welding current (I) is supplied and drawn off exclusively through the electrodes (90) bearing externally against the hollow member (10).

Abstract: A method and arrangement are described for regulating the welding operation in a resistance welding machine by sensing the welding current and controlling the welding time. A first integrator (20) determines the desired total energy to be supplied to a welding spot from a desired welding current preset by means of a function generator (18) and a preset welding time. An integrating device (25) connected to the welding-current sensor (14) determines the actual energy supplied. A comparator (24) compares the desired total energy with the actual energy in order to switch off the welding current by means of a start/stop module (30) in the event of equality between desired value and actual value. In this manner, fluctuations in the supply voltage are compensated by lengthening or shortening the time during which energy is supplied to the welding spot in order to ensure the quality of the welding from one welding spot to another.

Abstract: On a machine for welding the longitudinal edges (12,14) of rounded body blanks (10), two groups of movable guide elements (36), which exert radial guiding forces on the blanks (10), are arranged lying opposite one another with respect to the blanks. The guide elements (36) of each of the two groups are secured to an endless chain (38). Each of these chains (38) has a chain strand extending in the direction of movement (axis A) of the blanks (10), which strand is supported by a rail (52) at both sides of a welding plane (B) containing the welding zone and normal to the direction of movement of the blanks (10). The guide elements (36) move through the welding plane (B) with the blanks (10). As a result, shock-like actions on the blanks (10) in the vicinity of the welding plane (B) are avoided; consequently, the longitudinal edges (12,14) can be welded together particularly evenly, particularly by means of a laser beam.

Abstract: For welding tongues (12) onto sheet-metal parts (10), particularly tear-open can parts, a welding machine having at least one pair of welding electrodes (62, 63) is provided. The sheet-metal parts (10) can be moved through the machine steps between the welding electrodes (62, 63), one behind the other, by a sheet-metal conveyor (15) and be located in a defined position by a positioning device (17). The tongues (12) can each be placed against a sheet-metal part (10) between the welding electrodes (62, 63) in synchronism with the working cycle of the sheet-metal conveyor (15) by a tongue conveyor (18).

Abstract: Plane, rectangular sheets (10) are moved through between a driven bending roll (32) and a plurality of back-up rolls (34) and are bent round the bending roll (32) by these rolls and a plurality of pressure rolls (52, 56) disposed behind the bending roll (32) and back-up rolls (34). The almost completely rounded sheet (10) is bent resiliently away from the bending roll (32) by a deflecting member (62) as a result of which the front edge (10a) of the sheet is prevented from re-entering the gap between the bending roll (32) and the back-up rolls (34) before the rear edge (10b) of the sheet has travelled through this gap. Then the deflecting member (62) is moved back into its position of rest so that the front region of the sheet (10) springs back in the direction of the bending roll (32) and as a result is again gripped by the bending roll (32) and the back-up rolls (34) and moved through between them.

Abstract: Sheet-metal members (10), particularly tear-open can members, can be moved rhythmically, one behind the other, through a welding station (19) by a sheet-metal conveyor (15) and located in a defined position (17) in the welding station (19) by a positioning device (17). A prestamped tongue (12) can be punched-off from a sheet-metal strip (58) each time by a punch (60) over one of a plurality of receivers (52) on a tongue conveyor (18). The receivers (52) can be moved in succession out of the range of action of the punch (60) into the welding station (19) as a result of which the tongues (12) can each be laid against a sheet-metal member (10) in the welding station (19) in time with the sheet-metal conveyor (15). The punch (60) for punching off the tongues (12) is preceded by a prestamping device (82) which impresses markings (84) in the sheet-metal strip (58) at fixed distances from the tongues (12).

Abstract: A can body is rolled from a sheet-metal blank (28) and has outer and inner longitudinal edges (12 and 14 respectively) which are welded to one another in an overlapping manner. Extending round the can body transversely to the longitudinal edges (12, 14) are two circumferential scorings (16) which define a tearing strip (18) laterally. The tearing strip (18) is extended by a tongue (20) which is welded onto the outer longitudinal edge (12) and which can be gripped by a key and rolled up. In a welding zone (42) which is adjacent to a starting scoring (30), the tearing strip (18) is stiffened by the welded-on tongue (20) in such a manner that it tears away from the can body reliably along the circumferential scorings (16) during the rolling up of the tongue (20).

Abstract: One column (16) of each of two pairs of columns (14,16) on which mutually remote edges of the sheet-metal members 12 are guided, has a resiliently flexible strip to exert a resilient pressure on the associated edges of the sheet-metal members (12) stacked between this column (16) and a rigid column (14) situated opposite. The strip is divided into a plurality of pressure members (10) which are disposed one below the other and are individually resiliently supported. As a result, the sheet-metal members (12) are kept snugly against the opposite rigid columns (14) and so precisely positioned ready for destacking; at the same time, however, individual sheet-metal members (12) are prevented from being loaded with excessively great spring forces.

Abstract: A measuring winding (208) which is connected to a signal frequency generator is additionally disposed on the core (206) of a welding transformer (TR2). A voltage depending on the state of saturation of the core (206) is tapped off at the measuring winding (208) by a detector circuit (204). An amplitude demodulator (204b) delivers a direct voltage signal which is inversely proportional to the saturation. By comparison with a reference value, a discriminator circuit determines whether a threshold value related to saturation has already been reached or not. If it is reached, the firing of the power semiconductors is interrupted by a blocking signal. With this saturation monitoring arrangement, the welding device can be operated more easily and the welding transformer can be utilized in the optimum manner. The method of control becomes considerably simpler because the welding time no longer needs to be split up into individual impuses by the operator.

Abstract: The can member (10) is provided with a pair of scorings (16) which define a tear-off strip (18) laterally. A tongue (20) produced as a separate sheet-metal member is welded onto the tear-off strip (18) in a welding region (42) at one of its ends. Between the welding region (42) and the free end (32) of the tongue (20), a starting scoring (30) extends over the tear-off strip (18). The starting scoring (30) extends substantially transversely to the lateral scorings (16) only in a central region of the tear-off strip (18) and extends away from the free end (32) of the tongue (20) in the vicinity of the two lateral scorings (16). The welding region (42) covers the starting scoring (30) in the vicinity of each of the two lateral scorings (16). As a result, care is taken to ensure that a tearing open operation can be reliably initiated by rolling up the tongue, substantially regardless of inaccuracies in manufacture.

Abstract: The body blanks (10) are moved through, with overlapping longitudinal edges, between an inner and an outer electrode roller (14, 24), the axes (16, 26) of which lie substantially in a common plane (II--II) normal to the direction (A) of the axes of the body blanks (10). Also lying in this plane (II--II) are the axes of a plurality of sizing rollers (34, 36, 38) which are disposed in a ring and one of which (38) is disposed diametrically opposite to the outer electrode roller (24). This sizing roller (38) and a guide roller (42) which is disposed in front of it in the direction (A) of the axes of the body blanks (10) are encircled jointly by an endless conveyor element (46). The guide roller (42) and hence also the conveyor element (46) can be driven by a servomotor (50) which is controlled according to the signals of an angle-of-rotation transmitter (30) rotating with the outer electrode roller (24).

Abstract: A device for applying a protective coating to the weld or solder seam of a can body has an application roller (2) serving to apply a coating material inside a region covering the seam at the inside (15) of the can body. The roller periphery has a cross-sectional profile (5) comprising at least one depression (10) in a middle region (9) of a middle portion (6) having a region width of less than 60% of the width of the middle portion (6). The profile (5) further comprises at least one salient point and/or at least two points of inflection in this middle region (9). The device renders it possible to achieve optimum layer thicknesses of the coating over the seam, which are neither too little for the stresses occurring during the long-term storage of corrosive liquids nor too great for the tearing strength stressing of the coating which occurs during the flanging over of the edges of the can body.

Abstract: On a machine for welding together the longitudinal edges (12, 14) of rounded sheet-metal container body blanks there are disposed a plurality of rings (24) of rollers round a common longitudinal axis (22), one behind the other in the direction of passage through (A) of the blanks (10). At least some (28) of the rollers (26, 28) of the rings (24) of rollers are each mounted on a roller carrier (40) which is adjustable in the direction away from the longitudinal axis (22) against resilient resistance. The roller carriers (40) are guided in a manner which enables the associated rollers (28) to execute yielding movements at an angle of distinctly less than 90.degree. to the direction of passage through (A) of the blanks (10). For this purpose, the roller carriers (40) are each pivotable about a transverse pin (42) which is disposed at least substantially parallel to the associated roller spindle (38), upstream of this with respect to the direction of passage through (A) of the blanks (10).