Abstract: An integrated circuit device and a method of fabricating the same are presented. The integrated circuit device (1) includes two or more active components (30a, 30b), possibly fabricated by different semiconductor technologies, and an interposer structure (10) adapted for carrying the two or more active components such that at least one of the active components is carried on a top surface of the interposer structure. The integrated circuit device also includes at least one metal cap (40), furnished on the top surface of the interposer structure and encapsulating at least one of the active components. Some variants of the integrated circuit device of the invention are suited for operation under extreme conditions.

Abstract: A dynamic hierarchical cellular system implementing multi-hop encapsulation, wherein in at least one message destined for an individual base station functionality, the individual base station functionality's header is encapsulated within an individual mobile station functionality's header, so as to allow said message to be routed by said router to the individual base station functionality, via the individual mobile station functionality.

Abstract: A system for cancelling interference in a wireless network, the system comprising apparatus for computing and outputting at least N weighting vectors; and apparatus for cancelling interference from antennae outputs received by the system using the weighting vectors respectively by converting the weighting vectors into FIR filter coefficients and applying FIR filters corresponding to the FIR filter coefficients to derivatives of antennae outputs received by the system. The apparatus for computing and outputting weighting vectors may be operative by estimating a spatial signature while distinguishing interference spatial signature from desired signal spatial signature although both are received simultaneously.

Abstract: A hierarchical cellular network system having a core and comprising a plurality of nodes, wherein at least one node comprises a relay; and wherein at least one relay includes: a tunneling sub-system; a backhauling link subsystem interfacing between the tunneling subsystem and a node which is closer to the core than the relay; and a base station subsystem, interfacing between the tunneling subsystem and a mobile station or a node which is further from the core than the relay, wherein the tunneling subsystem is operative to perform the following, on data arriving from a base station subsystem belonging to another node from among the plurality of nodes: collecting the data; and encapsulating the results to be sent in an individual session into packets and sending the packets to the Backhauling Link Subsystem.

Abstract: A multiband imaging system comprising: an optical module configured for acquiring simultaneously images from a common field-of-view (FOV) scene in a short wavelength spectral band and in a long wavelength spectral band, the optical module comprising a polarizer configured for applying polarization filtering to electromagnetic radiation of the long wavelength spectral band; and a processing module configured to analyze data indicative of received irradiance distribution between the short and long wavelength spectral bands.

Abstract: A cellular system comprising at least one moving non-stationary base station for enabling cellular communication between at least two mobile stations in a geographic area that lacks adequate cellular coverage by at least one stationary base station.

Abstract: Present ice skates 10 have a relatively great distance between the sole and the surface of the blades 40 for contacting the ice in use. This leads to instability. The present invention provides an ice skate comprising a boot or shoe, a sole and at least one blade 140 integral therewith, wherein the distance between the blade surface, for contact with ice in use, and the underside of the sole is approximately 20 mm or less.

Abstract: There is provided an apparatus, including: an arrangement that includes at least one pair of oppositely directed, spaced apart, radiating-capable elements along a common axis, each of said elements being hollow with internal space, and being slotted throughout its entire extent; a first circuitry coupled to said arrangement and being configured to sense an electric field projection along said axis and to convey it to a first feeding terminal; and a second circuitry coupled to at least one slot of said arrangement configured to sense a magnetic field's projection along said axis and to convey it to a first feeding terminal. The apparatus being further configured to resolve a polarization vector of incoming wavefront propagating in an orthogonal direction to said common axis based on at least said sensed electric field projection and said magnetic field projection.

Abstract: A calibration network system for an array antenna and method for calibrating of the array antenna are described. The system includes a pair of rectangular waveguides stacked in parallel relation to each other and spaced apart at a distance of a quarter of an operating wavelength. The rectangular waveguides includes through-holes extending through a side-wall of the stacked rectangular waveguides from a bottom of a lower waveguide to a top of an upper waveguide to accommodate coaxial transmission lines. The side-wall has openings between the through-holes and an interior region of the rectangular waveguides in order to provide coupling of the coaxial transmission lines into the pair of rectangular waveguides. The system includes 90 degree phase shifter coupled to the upper rectangular waveguide, and a power divider/combiner coupled to a reference T/R Module, to the 90 degree phase shifter and to the lower rectangular waveguide.

Abstract: A system and methods for cancelling spatial interference associated with an original multi-carrier signal carrying at least one data transmission sent by a transmitter to an antenna array comprising a plurality of antennae and having a receiver operatively associated therewith, the system receiving a plurality of received signals respectively including interference and the original signal as received by a respective individual antenna from among the plurality of antennae, the system comprising a spatial nulling device for generating a cleaner signal by reducing at least one spatial component of the interference; and a signal manipulator operative to manipulate a derivative of the received signal so as to cause the at least one data transmission to be more concentrated in a subset of frequency bands in which the spatial nulling device is more effective and to be less concentrated in frequency bands which do not belong to the subset of frequency bands.

Abstract: The presently disclosed subject matter includes, inter alia, a separation module being operatively connectible to a network device operable to facilitate data communication in a communication network, the separation module being configured to control data communication in the communication network, the separation module being assigned with a network-id associating the separation module with a given network environment; the separation module being further configured to tag a data packet received by the network device from a first direction, in order to associate the data packet with a given network environment; and determine whether a tag, associated with a data packet received by the network device from a second direction, is compatible with the assigned network-id, and if it is, remove the tag from the data packet and allow transmission of the data packet.

Abstract: A hierarchical cellular network administration system operative to administrate for a hierarchical cellular network having a core, the hierarchical cellular network administration system comprising a link establishment initiator operative to generate link establishment commands; and relay manager functionality operative to establish at least one link between at least one relay in the hierarchical cellular network and all nodes in said cellular network desired to be served by said at least one relay, as per said link establishment commands generated by the link establishment initiator; and to control operation of links thus established.

Abstract: A moving cellular communication system comprising at least one upgraded moving relay including at least two base station functionalities and at least one mobile station functionality and a relay resource manager, all co-located, wherein each base station functionality from among the at least two base station functionalities of the upgraded moving relay is operative to communicate via antennae with at least one mobile station thereby to define a first radio link therebetween, and wherein each base station functionality has a connection to its co-located relay resource manager, wherein each mobile station functionality of the upgraded moving relay communicates via antennae with a unit which has base station functionality thereby to define at least one second radio link, respectively, wherein the relay resource manager in each individual moving relay comprises a radio resource manager; and functionality for exchanging information with relay resource managers is included in moving relays other than the individual

Abstract: Systems and methods for utilizing two or more phased arrays to coherently receive and/or transmit waveforms to one or more directions. The method includes applying a first and a second coherent processing to two or more sets of signal portions received or transmitted by corresponding two or more phased arrays. In reception mode, the first coherent processing includes converting the sets of signal portions received into corresponding sets of directional signals, by applying coherent integrations to each set signals portions such that each of the resulting directional signals being indicative of the angular frequencies, amplitudes and phases of the received waveforms. In reception mode, the second coherent processing includes adjusting phases of respectively the sets of the directional signals according to spatial dispositions between their respective phased arrays and the angular frequencies of the directional signals, thereby generating a coherent set of directional signals.

Abstract: According to the presently disclosed subject matter there is provided a wireless device system-architecture and a wireless device including a plurality of functional layers each of the functional layers comprising one or more respective layer elements where the plurality of functional layers being operatively connected and ordered as a cascade of functional layers for data-transfer from one layer to its one or more adjacent functional layers. The architecture further includes one or more matrix-switches, each matrix-switch operatively connected between each two functional layers in the cascade of functional layers.

Abstract: A method for controlling electric power supply, the method comprising: (a) controllably down converting by a step-down power converter entry voltage from a power source and preventing up-conversion by a step-up power converter, substantially when the entry voltage is larger than a measured exit voltage and is in compliance with a first criterion that is based on the entry voltage and on the measured exit voltage; wherein the measured exit voltage is measured at an exit of both step-up power converter and the step-down power converter; and (b) controllably up converting by the step-up power converter the entry voltage and preventing down-conversion by the step-down power converter, substantially when the entry voltage is lower than the measured exit voltage and is in compliance with a second criterion that is based on the entry voltage and on the measured exit voltage.

Abstract: A hierarchical cellular network administration system operative to administrate for a hierarchical cellular network having a core, the hierarchical cellular network administration system comprising a link establishment initiator operative to generate link establishment commands; and relay manager functionality operative to establish at least one link between at least one relay in the hierarchical cellular network and all nodes in said cellular network desired to be served by said at least one relay, as per said link establishment commands generated by the link establishment initiator; and to control operation of links thus established.

Abstract: A system and methods for cancelling spatial interference associated with an original multi-carrier signal carrying at least one data transmission sent by a transmitter to an antenna array comprising a plurality of antennae and having a receiver operatively associated therewith, the system receiving a plurality of received signals respectively including interference and the original signal as received by a respective individual antenna from among the plurality of antennae, the system comprising a spatial nulling device for generating a cleaner signal by reducing at least one spatial component of the interference; and a signal manipulator operative to manipulate a derivative of the received signal so as to cause the at least one data transmission to be more concentrated in a subset of frequency bands in which the spatial nulling device is more effective and to be less concentrated in frequency bands which do not belong to the subset of frequency bands.

Abstract: There is provided an apparatus, including: an arrangement that includes at least one pair of oppositely directed, spaced apart, radiating-capable elements along a common axis, each of said elements being hollow with internal space, and being slotted throughout its entire extent; a first circuitry coupled to said arrangement and being configured to sense an electric field projection along said axis and to convey it to a first feeding terminal; and a second circuitry coupled to at least one slot of said arrangement configured to sense a magnetic field's projection along said axis and to convey it to a first feeding terminal. The apparatus being further configured to resolve a polarization vector of incoming wavefront propagating in an orthogonal direction to said common axis based on at least said sensed electric field projection and said magnetic field projection.

Abstract: A cellular communication system comprising a population of cellular communication network nodes comprising a stationary core, a plurality of base stations, and at least one node having mobile station functionality; and a client tunneling functionality co-located with the node having mobile station functionality which is operative to use network topology information obtained via the mobile station functionality to initiate generation of a tunnel having a first end at the node and a second far end at the stationary core.