Abstract: A system and method for cryptographically securing data communications between a group of networked devices establishes and maintains an overlay network at the Application Layer, on top of a unicast routing service provided at the Internetworking Layer. The overlay network provides first, the routes that are used to deliver multicast datagrams and second, the cryptographic keys used to secure multicast datagrams. A common cryptographic key is established between all members of each group, and end-to-end encryption ensures that multicast datagrams can be accessed only by authorized group members. In other embodiments, keys are established between pairs of adjacent devices in the overlay network, and hop-by-hop encryption ensures that multicast datagrams can be accessed only by overlay network members.

Abstract: A system and method for a host vehicle to assess risk for road users is disclosed. The host vehicle monitors its surrounding driving environment and sends alerts to road users if a threat is detected. The host vehicle can determine the best course of action to mitigate a threat, and coordinate such action. The host vehicle comprises processing circuitry configured to perform the foregoing tasks. Further, the host vehicle may use a machine learning-based system comprising a trained neural network.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer program products that are configured to identify or otherwise detect the presence of bacteria, classify the identified or detected bacteria, and also predict the growth of the classified bacteria on various touchable surfaces within a vehicle passenger cabin or compartment. Such systems, methods, and computer program products are configured to identify/detect, classify, and predict the presence and/or growth of bacteria, and transmit one or more alerts, warnings, and/or reports to vehicle owners, service providers, and/or occupants based on the identification/detection, classification, and prediction.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to driver interaction with a user interface of a vehicle. In particular, the present disclosure relates to an apparatus for performing an action associated with a driver input indicated via an input modality of an HMI of a vehicle, the apparatus comprising processing circuitry configured to receive initial data corresponding to an initial driver input via a first input modality of the HMI of the vehicle, compare a confidence level of the initial data to a confidence level threshold associated with the first input modality of the HMI of the vehicle, request, based on the comparison, a subsequent driver input via a second input modality of the HMI of the vehicle, determine a presence of an adverse condition within a vehicle environment, and perform an action associated with the subsequent driver input based on the presence of the adverse condition within the vehicle environment.

Abstract: A method for determining a cooperative maneuver for an ego vehicle is provided. The method includes determining a maneuver of the ego vehicle based on traffic information in a target lane, selecting one or more cooperative vehicles to be involved in the maneuver, determining whether the maneuver of the ego vehicle and actions of the one or more cooperative vehicles trigger congestion in the target lane based on simulation of the maneuver and the actions, instructing the ego vehicle to perform the maneuver in response to determining that the maneuver of the ego vehicle and actions of the one or more cooperative vehicles do not trigger congestion, and adjusting a number of cooperative vehicles to be involved in the maneuver in response to determining that the maneuver of the ego vehicle and actions of the one or more cooperative vehicles trigger congestion.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method, medium, and system for determining demolition points of a large building, which falls within the technical field of building demolition and construction. The method for determining demolition points of a large building includes: establishing a three-dimensional model of a large building to be demolished; analyzing, based on the three-dimensional model of the large building to be demolished, a force condition of each point to form a three-dimensional force model; calculating, based on the three-dimensional force model of the large building to be demolished, to obtain a demolition point tree of the building; and marking each demolition point in a demolition point sequence in the three-dimensional model of the large building to be demolished. In the process of multi-point synchronous demolition of large buildings, the demolition points of large buildings can be located according to the automatic analysis of the demolition order.

Abstract: Apparatus and associated methods relate to detecting jams when an intensity of a reflected signal exceeds a predetermined intensity threshold and an intensity window metric based on historic intensity value(s) fails to exceed an intensity window threshold for more than a predetermined time threshold. In an illustrative example, a jam detection unit (JDU) may emit a signal and detect a reflection of the signal. The JDU may, for example, compare intensity of the reflected signal to the intensity threshold. The JDU, for example, may compare the intensity threshold with at least one historic intensity value to determine the intensity window metric. If the intensity value exceeds the intensity threshold and the intensity window metric has not exceeded the intensity window threshold for longer than the time threshold, then the JDU may, for example, generate a jam signal. Various embodiments may advantageously detect jams based on intensity of a reflected signal.

Abstract: Detection of hydrocarbon bubbles in water using Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) to survey shallow water environments for the detection of surface hydrocarbon bubbles therein using LIDAR for the purposes of hydrocarbon exploration and/or brownfield remediation. Embodiments include a method of deploying an airborne LIDAR system configured to detect surface hydrocarbon bubbles in a shallow water environment, the LIDAR system accounting for a bubble volume scattering coefficient; and surveying, using the LIDAR system, the shallow water environment to detect surface hydrocarbon bubbles therein.

Abstract: A fuel for an internal combustion engine includes a C5 to C30 dialkoxyalkanoate corresponding to formula (I): wherein the R1 group is —H or a —CH3 group, the R2 and R2? groups are alkyl groups independently selected to have 1 to 9 carbon atoms; and the R3 group is selected to have 1 to 9 carbon atoms. The compounds described herein may be used as neat fuels or mixed fuels (with diesel, biodiesel, jet fuel, marine fuel or other fuel compounds) in autoignition or spark ignition engines, such as diesel engines, gasoline (spark ignition) engines, MCCI, Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engines, or more generally in Low-Temperature Gasoline Combustion (LTGC) engines (using gasoline-like fuels), that have the high-efficiency advantages of HCCI but can operate with some level of charge inhomogeneities. Methods of making these compounds are environmentally friendly and can be done in a continuous manner.

Abstract: An example operation includes one or more of receiving a request for an application from a vehicle; responsive to the request, pushing a version of the application to the vehicle; installing the application when a mode of the vehicle is set to at least one of a testing mode, a development mode, and a service mode; and performing at least one of testing a functionality of the vehicle by the application, validating the application, and modifying the application.

Abstract: A two-terminator RF adapter for background noise measurement in a test environment comprises a system test port comprising a system test port termination and a system test port connector to connect to a system under test; and a data acquisition port, comprising a data acquisition port termination and a data acquisition port connector to connect to a data acquisition system.

Abstract: Compensation can be made for mismatch in abnormal driving behavior detection between an ego vehicle and its human driver. Sensor data of a surrounding driving environment can be acquired. The acquired sensor data can be analyzed to detect abnormal driving behavior by a vehicle in the surrounding driving environment. Responsive to detecting abnormal driving behavior by the vehicle in the surrounding driving environment, the abnormal driving behavior can be classified as to whether it is severe. If the abnormal driving behavior is classified as not being severe, an amplified version of the abnormal driving behavior can be caused to be presented to the human driver of the ego vehicle.

Abstract: An ionogel is formed by mixture of precursors, a catalyst, and an ionic liquid to form a sol-gel. The precursors and the catalyst react to form a solid-phase matrix that includes pores, wherein the ionic liquid is disposed within the pores. The gel is dried by way of thermal or vacuum drying to remove liquid byproducts of the precursor-catalyst reaction and to form a solid-state ionogel that comprises the solid-phase matrix with the ionic liquid disposed therein. The ionogel is immersed in a quantity of a liquid electrolyte that is soluble in the ionic liquid. As the liquid electrolyte dissolves into the ionic liquid, the ionic liquid is displaced by the liquid electrolyte, yielding an ionogel having the liquid electrolyte disposed within its pores.

Abstract: A cloud server may estimate an amount of computing resources needed to perform a computing task, generate a first proposal indicating first parameters for the server to perform the task based on the estimate, obtain, from one or more edge servers, second proposals indicating second parameters for the edge servers to perform the task, transmit the first proposal and the second proposals to a vehicle, upon receiving acceptance of the first proposal, perform the task based on the first parameters, and transmit data associated with performance of the task to the vehicle, and upon receiving acceptance of one of the second proposals, transmit the acceptance to the edge server associated with the accepted proposal.

Abstract: A laser welding apparatus capable of eliminating or reducing a possibility that a part of air flows upward and hence fumes adhere to its protective optical member is provided. A laser welding apparatus according to the present disclosure includes a protective optical member disposed between a laser scanner and a workpiece, an upper-side gas supply unit, and a lower-side gas supply unit disposed below the upper-side gas supply unit. The protective optical member includes a plate-like part and a cylindrical part extending downward from an outer edge of the plate-like part. The upper-side gas supply unit is disposed below the plate-like part of the protective optical member. The upper-side gas supply unit includes a plurality of first ejection ports configured to eject gas to a center of the plate-like part, and a plurality of second ejection ports configured to eject gas downward with respect to the plate-like part.

Abstract: A tow hook assembly includes a tow hook body, a support bracket, and a disengagement bracket. The tow hook body includes a leading end, an opposite rear end, and an angled portion sloping downwardly in a direction opposite the leading end. A rear open-ended hole is formed in the rear end. A front open-ended hole is formed in the support bracket. A front fastener extends through the front open-ended hole formed in the support bracket to removably couple the tow hook body to the support bracket, and engagement member received within the rear open-ended hole formed in the tow hook body to removably couple the disengagement bracket to the tow hook body.

Abstract: Described are a water quality testing method and a water quality testing apparatus. The testing method includes: obtaining, in a first environment, a testing sample including a target testing object; selecting a reference object according to the testing sample, and respectively acquiring the chroma of the reference object in a second environment and in the first environment; constructing a correction model according to the chroma of the reference object in the second environment and in the first environment; obtaining the chroma of the testing sample in the first environment; according to the chroma of the testing sample in the first environment and the correction model, obtaining the chroma of the testing sample in the second environment; and according to a preset standard curve and the chroma of the testing sample in the second environment, obtaining the concentration of the target testing object in the testing sample.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for programmatically determining an abnormal driving performed by a second vehicle. The systems and methods may, for example, receive first driving data from a sensor of the ego vehicle, the first driving data comprising a gap in time-series data entries of movements of the second vehicle; receive second driving data that fills in the gap in the time-series data entries of the second vehicle; aggregate the first driving data with the second driving data to aggregated driving data to generate metadata, the aggregated driving data comprising movements of the second vehicle that exceed a threshold value of predicted movements defined in a model of abnormal driving detection, and the metadata used to select the model of abnormal driving detection; and execute an algorithm that provides driving assistance for the ego vehicle in responding to the predicted movements defined in the model of abnormal driving detection.

Abstract: A duct includes a duct body. The duct body defines an inlet, an outlet, and a channel connecting the inlet and the outlet. The duct body is configured to direct gas flowing within the channel from the inlet to the outlet. The duct body further defines an opening located between the inlet and the outlet. The duct also includes a noise attenuator. The noise attenuator includes sound-absorbing material covering the opening. The sound-absorbing material has an outer face in direct contact with an external environment of the duct body. The sound-absorbing material is configured to dissipate acoustic energy within the channel.