Abstract: The present invention provides a solid state heterojunction solar cell comprising a transparent conducting support layer (2,3), on which a nanostructured, surface-increasing scaffold structure is provided, wherein an organic-inorganic perovskite layer (4) is provided on said scaffold structure, and wherein a counter electrode and/or metal layer (5) is provided in electric contact with said perovskite layer (4). According to an embodiment, the solar cell lacks an electrolyte or any hole conducting material. The invention also relates to a solid state ' heterojunction and to a method of preparing the solar cell.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a reflective optical objective (1) comprising: —a first reflecting element (3) including a front surface (3a) and a hack surface (3b), the front surface (3a) including a convex reflecting surface (11); and —a second reflecting element (5) including a concave reflecting surface (13) facing the convex reflecting surface (11) of the first reflecting element (3), the second reflecting element (5) including a transmissive section (7) permitting electromagnetic radiation to pass through the concave reflecting surface (13) of the second reflecting element (5) to the first reflecting element (3). The reflective optical objective (1) is characterised in that the reflective optical objective (1) includes a carrier material (9) embedding at least the front surface (3a) of the first reflecting element (3) and defining the distance (d) between the first (3) and second (5) reflecting elements.

Abstract: The invention relates to large-field high-resolution microscopy and photolithography setups operating with polychromatic light. It includes the use of a plurality of focusing micromirrors.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method for calibrating an array of receivers (ri), each receiver being configured for receiving a signal transmitted by at least one transmitter (si), and echoes of the transmitted signal as reflected by one or more reflective surfaces (w), said method comprising the following steps: sorting said echoes, by assigning each echo to a reflective surface or to a combination of reflective surfaces (w) calibrating said array of receivers (ri) based on said sorting.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a solar cell comprising a semiconductor wafer, an emitter formed by at least one emitter region which comprises at least a first layer of a first conductivity type and a first contact layer allowing a carrier extraction or injection, a backcontact comprising at least a second layer of a second conductivity type opposite of said first conductivity type and a second contact layer allowing a carrier extraction or injection, electrical contacts which are connected to said emitter regions and said backcontact respectively and designed to transport an electrical current out of the solar cell. According to the invention, the area of the emitter covers between 0.

Abstract: A junctionless Nano-Electro-Mechanical (NEM) resonator, comprising a highly doped conductive channel connecting a drain region and a source region; the conduction channel region is movable and the overall structure is fixed at least at these two ends placed on acting the source and drain regions, respectively; at least one fixed gate electrode arranged to control a depletion charge in the highly doped conductive channel thereby modulating dimensions of a cross-section of the highly doped conductive channel. A dimension of the cross-section in the direction of an electrical field that is oriented from the fixed gate electrode to the highly doped conductive channel, is designed in such a way that it can be reduced under the effect of the depletion charge such that a full depletion in the highly doped conductive channel is achievable with the control of the fixed gate electrode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to organometallic compounds useful in the treatment of metastasis. The organometallic compounds comprise a ligand that is covalently bound to a bioactive compound, which is an inhibitor of a resistance pathway or a derivative thereof. Preferably, the organometallic compounds are half-sandwich (“piano-stool”) compounds. The compounds of the present invention offer a high variability with respect to the bioactive compound and to the nature of the ligand bound to a central transition metal.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for determining the Walsh-Hadamard transform of N samples of a signal, comprises electing a plurality of hashing C matrices ?1, . . . ?C, computing C hashes of a particular length based at least on a hashing front end and the plurality of matrices ?1, . . . ?C, forming a bipartite graph with a plurality of variable nodes and a plurality of check nodes, the variable nodes being non-zero coefficients to recover, and the check nodes being hashed samples, finding an isolated check node and recovering non-zero coefficients connected to the isolated check node by employing collision detection and support estimation of the signal, peeling from the bipartite graph the recovered non-zero coefficients, and repeating the computing step, forming step, finding step and peeling step until all the nodes in the plurality of check nodes are zero.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a color conversion film comprising at least one active layer, said layer comprising an organic fluorescent dye containing a fluorescent core, wherein said dye is substituted with at least one polymer segment. It also concerns its method of preparation.

Abstract: A method for performing magnetic resonance spectroscopy on solid samples containing nuclei of interest with spin quantum number I subjects the sample to a static magnetic field. The sample is spun at the magic angle and broad-band excitation of transverse magnetization of the nuclei of interest is effected by applying a first train of rotor-synchronized rf-pulses, having a carrier frequency, to the nuclei of interest with a pulse duration 0.1 ?s<?p<2 ?s, the first train of rf-pulses comprising k·n pulses extending over k rotor periods ?rot with n pulses per rotor period ?rot, wherein n is an integer n>1. Uniform excitation of a great number of spinning sidebands or families of sidebands that arise from large first-order quadrupole or hyperfine interactions is enabled and signal intensity is thereby improved.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel dyes for dye sensitized photovoltaic conversion devices. The dyes contain novel anchoring ligands, which have a vinyl or phenylethenyl moiety incorporated in the anchoring bipyridine. Such dyes exhibit an increased molar extinction coefficient and enhanced red response in the visible regions.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for encoding and decoding information. In one aspect, methods of encoding information in an encoder include receiving a signal representing information using a collection of discrete digits, converting, by an encoder, the received signal into a time-based code, and outputting the time-based code. The time-based code is divided into time intervals. Each of the time intervals of the time-based code corresponds to a digit in the received signal. Each digit of a first state of the received signal is expressed as an event occurring at a first time within the corresponding time interval of the time-based code. Each digit of a second state of the received signal is expressed as an event occurring at a second time within the corresponding time intervals of the time-based code, the first time is distinguishable from the second time.

Abstract: A method and device for predicting faults in a distributed heterogeneous IT system (100), the method comprising: creating a local checkpoint (19) in an explorer node (10) of said system (100), said local checkpoint (19) reflecting the state of said explorer node (10); running a path exploration engine (14) on said local checkpoint (19) in order to predict faults, wherein a plurality of possible inputs (71) are used by said exploration engine (14) in order to explore different paths, wherein path exploration comprises sending messages to remote client nodes (20), and receiving messages from said remote clients (20); wherein said received messages do not reveal checkpoints of said other nodes, so as to avoid leakage of any confidential information.

Abstract: A method and system for the rapid detection of biomolecular interactions, the system comprising a sensing platform which comprises a primary support structure including recesses designed to be located in front of a detection unit, said recesses containing one or several arrays of biosensors, said system furthermore comprising a reader unit for optical excitation and detection.

Abstract: A method for imaging a microscopic object with improved resolution including the steps of measuring a complex wavefield scattered by the microscopic object with an instrument or microscope, the complex wavefield being represented by phase and amplitude or by real and imaginary parts; and computing an image of the microscopic object with a resolution better than given by the Abbe diffraction limit, including deconvolving the complex wavefield scattered by the microscopic object with a complex coherent transfer function (CTF) applied to the complex wavefield.

Abstract: A generator of very short pulses where a cascade of inverters of arbitrary length characterized in that said inverters are adapted to produce pulses on their power supply line instead of their usual output.

Abstract: The invention relates to a replacement metallic prosthesis to be implanted which contains means monitor its condition during use in order to allow an early detection of failure or insufficient functionality, wherein said means comprise implanted sensors and electronics (3) and a remote device (9), to measure the implant's function and degradation during its life span, wherein said sensors are electro chemical sensors with electrodes (1). The prosthesis according to the invention may also be used to promote bone growth. The invention also relates to a method using the device of the invention.

Abstract: The disclosed invention describes a new apparatus performing a new data acquisition for quantitative refractive index tomography. It is based on a linear scanning of the specimen, opposed to the classical approaches based on rotations of either the sample or the illumination beam, which are based on the illumination with plane waves, which orientation is successively modified in order to acquire angular information. On the contrary, the inventive apparatus and method rely on a specially shaped illumination, which provides straightforwardly an angular distribution in the illumination of the specimen. The specimen can thus be linearly scanned in the object plane in order to acquire the data set enabling tomographic reconstruction, where the different positions directly possess the information on various angles for the incoming wave vectors.

Abstract: A method suitable for preparing a specimen for inspection, the method comprising the steps of: irradiating a photocathode so that the photocathode emits electrons from a surface of the photocathode, wherein the emitted electrons each follow a trajectory, and the trajectories of the electrons are such that they can be extrapolated to intersect at a region within the photocathode, the region defining a virtual source, and wherein the photocathode comprises a rounded tip which has a radius of curvature; configuring the emitted electrons so that they form an electron beam; focusing the electron beam onto a specimen to form an image of the virtual source on the specimen. There is further provided a corresponding electron beam apparatus.

Abstract: A multi-level cell flash memory storage device has cells wherein different charge levels represent different information. The storage device can read stored charge from one or more cells, store a rewrite generation value for a group of a plurality of cells in a block of cells, and write to cells, wherein writing to one or more cells without an erase includes an increment of the rewrite generation value, and includes circuitry for reading from cells, including circuitry for reading the rewrite generation value. The storage device can include circuitry for reading from cells includes within the multi-level cell flash memory storage device logic for calculating a stored value of the cells using the rewrite generation value and relative levels of charge on a plurality of cells. The storage device can track hot addresses and cold addresses and perform static or dynamic wear leveling based on accumulated rewrite generation values.