Abstract: The disclosure concerns a hydroelectric machine including a tube-type hydraulic machine having a bladed wheel which carries adjustable blades, rotates about a horizontal axis and is connected with a shaft which extends into a guide blade lattice hub, and an electrical machine which surrounds the bladed wheel and has a rotor secured to an annular rim in which the external ends of the adjustable wheel blades are pivotably mounted. The rotating set is provided with three radial bearing arrangements, one being associated with the rotating unit formed by the rotor and the rim, providing sole radial support for that unit, and consisting exclusively of hydrostatic devices which support without physical contact. The other bearing arrangements are associated with the shaft at its free and bladed wheel ends, respectively.

Abstract: A rolling mill has a pair of working rolls each provided with one or more sag-compensating back-up rolls on the respective side of the rolling plane having a fixed support beam with a roll shell rotatable about the beam and hydrostatic support means mounted on the beam for exerting pressure against the shell. Two sag-compensating back-up rolls for each working roll define two support planes at an angle to each other. The support planes may be at equal angles to the rolling plane. With different diameter back-up rolls the support plane of the smaller diameter roll may be at a smaller angle to the rolling plane, and the smaller diameter roll may be on the downstream side of the working roll. Lateral support means for the working rolls may be provided by sag-compensating rolls or by hydrostatic support devices acting directly on the working roll surfaces. The lateral support forces may be controlled to counteract the tractive force on the material being rolled.

Abstract: The deflection-controlled roll has a roll shell rotatable about a fixed beam with a plurality of hydraulic piston support devices along the roll for exerting support forces between the beam and the roll shell. The roll shell has weakened zones along its length for reducing the stiffness of the shell. The weakened zones may comprise grooves, circumferential rows of bores or tangential slots, corrugated annular inserts, etc. The weakened zones may be formed between annular portions of the roll shell aligned with the operating surfaces of the support devices. Preferably the support devices form hydrostatic support fluid layers between the operating surfaces and the roll shell. Lift-off support devices may be employed.

Abstract: A controlled deflection roll comprising a stationary support and a substantially tubular-shaped roll shell rotatable about said support. Between the support and the roll shell there are arranged a number of movable piston-like hydrostatic pressure elements having contact surfaces serving to support the roll shell. The invention contemplates providing the pressure elements with substantially flat side surfaces extending in the direction of movement of the pressure elements. The side surfaces of neighboring pressure elements disposed at the same side thereof are located in a common plane. In order to connect neighboring pressure elements there are provided connection components having resilient flaps or tabs which bear against the flat side surfaces of at least two neighboring pressure elements.

Abstract: A deflection compensating roll is disclosed which comprises a support beam, a roll shell rotatably mounted about and defining with said beam an intermediate space therebetween and at least one hydrostatic support element engaged between the beam and the shell for exerting a force against the interior of the shell. The surface of the support element facing the interior of the shell is provided with a plurality of recesses which are supplied with fluid so that a hydrostatic fluid cushion is formed between the face of the support element and the interior of the roll shell. The beam has a longitudinally extending chamber and means for sealing a first region of the chamber which communicates with the fluid receiving recesses from a second region of the chamber which communicates with the intermediate space between the beam and the shell.

Abstract: A deflection compensating press roll is disclosed in which a stationary beam has a barrel mounted for rotation thereabout and a plurality of hydrostatic elements provide selective hydrostatic support along the length of the roll. The support elements are arranged in a plurality of groups to which hydrostatic pressure fluid is directed at selected pressures through pressure fluid paths which are facilitated by separate hydrostatic fluid ducts.

Abstract: Apparatus is disclosed for supporting hot metal components such as slabs in a continuous casting plant which comprises a roll having at least one elongated member which defines a series of undulations disposed about the outer surface of the roll. Preferably the elongated member forms a series of intermeshing separate or continuous coils which extend over the portion of the roll adapted to support the hot metal components. The coils are secured to the roll surface at positions spaced thereabout and are spaced from each other a distance such that the undulations of adjacent coils intermesh so as to provide shielding of the outer surface of the roll from direct contact with the radiant heat from the hot metal components.

Abstract: Rolls of a rolling mill have hydraulic pressure exerted on the exterior surfaces thereof by hydrostatic pressure devices which produce hydraulic pressure in the gaps between bearing surfaces of the devices and the roll, and a flow of the hydraulic fluid in the gaps to cool the rolls. The pressure may be applied to press the rolls together, and also to provide lateral support. Different pressures may be applied to devices spaced parallel to the roll axis. Quadrilateral and overlapping rhomboidal bearing surfaces may be employed. A pair of small diameter working rolls may be pressed together by larger diameter pressure rolls and lateral support provided for the working rolls.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling a deflection compensating press roll of a rolling mill having a pair of press rolls at least one of which is a deflection compensating roll having a support core, a roll shell rotatably mounted about the core, bearing means disposed between the core and the roll shell adjacent the shell ends, a plurality of support devices engaged between the core and the roll shell to exert forces therebetween and pressure means for pressing the rolls against each other, the control apparatus comprises a frame, a movable member mounted in the frame, means coupled with the support devices and the pressure means and responsive to the forces exerted thereby for exerting a force on the movable member which simulates the forces exerted by the support devices and the pressure means so that the movable member is maintained in an equilibrium position when the forces exerted by the support devices and the pressure means are substantially in equilibrium, means for sensing displacement of the movable member

Abstract: A vertical centrifuge comprises a housing provided with a cover. A centrifuge drum is arranged to be rotatable in the housing and has an upper feed opening and a lower discharge opening. A shield is arranged above the discharge opening and comprises a screening wall which covers only a part of the circumference of the discharge opening and is carried and can be displaced by means of a shaft mounted in a holding arrangement and passing through the cover. The holding arrangement comprises means for the rotation of the shaft.

Abstract: A weir arranged on a longitudinal section of the bottom of an upwardly open path of conveyance, e.g. a centrifugal drum or a conveyor channel; the weir is formed of a membrane which divides off from the material being transported a pressure medium chamber which is arranged at the bottom of said path, extends transversely relatively to the direction of transport of the path and can be subjected to pressure by admission of a pressure medium. The membrane forming the weir can be stiffened to resist to considerable forces acting.

Abstract: A roll shell is rotatable about a stationary support beam with hydrostatic support means therebetween, preferably a row of piston-cylinder support devices, thereby forming a sag-compensating roll. The shell has external annularly disposed gear teeth at one end. A transmission casing encircles the end and is rotatably mounted thereon by bearings on each side of the gear teeth. Gear means in the casing drives the roll shell. Torque support means is connected between the casing and a fixed support to restrain rotation of the casing, and is advantageously connected to the casing in a plane through the roll axis and the row of support devices.

Abstract: A roll for rolling mill, preferably a sag-compensating roll having hydrostatic support piston means, is provided with one or more heat-control devices each comprising a piston mounted in a chamber supported by the support beam of the roll and provided with an operating plate facing the inner surface of the roll shell. The surface of the operating plate has grooved ducts connected with the interior of the chamber to supply heat-control liquid to a thin gap produced between the operating plate and the roll shell. Such ducts may terminate short of the boundary of the plate and intermediate ducts may extend to the boundary. With a plurality of heat-control devices spaced in a row, overlapping oblique parallelogram plates may be employed, with connecting pins to prevent relative rotation therebetween.

Abstract: Method of dissolving out a sodium sulphate component of a residual product obtained upon evaporation and cooling of a sodium hydroxide solution originating from a diaphragm electrolysis, the product occuring in form of a crystallized salt mixture containing sodium chloride and sodium sulphate. First of all residues of the sodium hydroxide are removed from the product. Thereafter the mixture of sodium chloride and sodium sulphate is so slurried in water and treated that a maximum of the sodium chloride and a first part of the sodium sulphate are dissolved up to a solution being saturated of said two components while a second part of the sodium sulphate and a possible rest of the sodium chloride remain suspended. Whereafter the suspended solid substance is then separated from the sodium chloride-sodium sulphate mother brine.

Abstract: A sag-compensating roll comprises a roll shell rotatable about a support beam with hydrostatic support means therebetween. The ends of the beam are supported in casings at each end of the roll. End sections of the roll shell are rotatably mounted in pivotally mounted arms in the casings which pivot about an axis spaced from the roll axis. Couplings between the end sections and the central portion of the roll shell provide centering while allowing pivoting movement therebetween. A drive shaft in one housing is coaxial with the pivot axis and drives the corresponding end section through a transmission. A drive motor is mounted on the casing. Three mutually perpendicular exterior surfaces of the casings permit assembly of a plurality of rolls to form a calender.

Abstract: Method of concentrating sodium or potassium hydroxide liquids by means of a heated evaporator whereby for a preliminary pre-evaporation of the liquid to be concentrated the liquid is first of all heated by direct contact with the superheated evaporation vapors issuing from the evaporator; a suitable apparatus for this method is disclosed which comprises an evaporator and a pre-evaporator this arranged at the upstream side of the evaporator and heated by direct contact with the evaporation vapors issuing from the evaporator.

Abstract: A path of conveyance is provided with a membrane for transporting a material over a length section of the path towards a discharge end; the membrane demarcates from the material a pressure medium chamber situated at the bottom of the path, extending transversely to the direction of conveying and being adapted to be acted upon by means of a pressure medium; as viewed in a longitudinal section through the path the membrane comprises two portions of which the first portion situated relatively near the discharge end of the path is reinforced in the longitudinal direction, and the second portion is left flexible; the edge of the reinforced first portion which is situated relatively near the discharge end of the path is also left flexible; at least the second, flexible portion of the membrane is briged by means of a covering skin.

Abstract: Bearing apparatus to position a smooth-surfaced machine member from another member for relative motion of the two members parallel to that surface while permitting small relative motions thereof normally of that surface in response to changes in applied stress pressing the members together normally of that surface comprises a hollow piston sealingly received in a cylindrical cavity in that other member and with its crown to the exterior of the cavity, the piston having a small-bore passage through the crown between its end faces inside and outside the cavity, a compression spring disposed inside the piston and engaged between the underside of the crown and an adjustable abutment on the other member inside the cavity, a pump to deliver hydraulic fluid at a constant time rate to the cavity, and means to regulate the temperature of the fluid so delivered.

Abstract: Apparatus for making corrugated sheet comprises a pair of meshed flexure compensating grooved rolls and laying-on means for applying a cover sheet to a corrugated web. Hydraulically-operated flexure compensating means are employed, advantageously pistons with hydrostatic lubrication. One of the grooved rolls cooperates with the laying-on means, which may be a pressure roll, a pneumatic hood with a suction chamber, or a traveling belt, and the grooved roll has flexure compensating means acting against the laying-on means. With a pressure roll, flexure compensating means may be employed therein which acts against the cooperating grooved roll. The axis of rotation of the roll shell of one grooved roll may be fixed, and the other grooved roll which cooperates with a pressure roll may have a roll shell disposed for radial or linear translation. The plane of the axes of the cooperating pressure and grooved rolls may be at a substantial angle to the plane through the axes of the pair of grooved rolls, preferably 90.

Abstract: Clearing centrifuge having an inlet tube for filling the centrifuge drum; said inlet tube extending into said drum and comprising at least two outlet apertures for the material to be centrifuged; the improvement that said inlet tube comprises two or more tube parts which are arranged at least partly in one another and are adapted to be adjusted relatively to one another, and that two of said tube parts each comprise, or jointly form, one of said outlet apertures.