Abstract: A water savings system and method for reducing the amount of water needed for adiabatic cooling including the use of a softener and a reverse osmosis device, in which tap water, softened if necessary, is delivered to a reverse osmosis device and softened water alone, reverse osmosis reject water, or softened water combined with reverse osmosis reject water is delivered to spray nozzles for cooling, and reverse osmosis pure water is stored and used periodically to flush the coils to inhibit and/or prevent corrosion from dissolved salts and other solids in the spray water.

Abstract: A system and method for increasing the refrigeration capacity of a direct expansion refrigeration system having a vapor separator and a vapor ejector. After the throttling process at the expansion device, the mixture of liquid and vapor enters the inlet separator. The vapor separator generates vapor to power the ejector through flashing of warm refrigerant liquid from a higher temperature and pressure to a lower pressure. The cooler refrigerant liquid then goes to the evaporator coil inlet. The vapor goes to the ejector as well as refrigerant vapor from the outlet of the evaporator. The ejector sends oil and vapor and liquid refrigerant to an oil separator which returns oil to the compressor and sends the liquid and vapor refrigerant to the evaporator.

Abstract: Large scale field erected air cooled industrial steam condenser having heat exchanger panels with primary and secondary condenser sections, in which the secondary condenser section comprises 10% or less of the total heat exchanger, and in which the tubes of the primary condenser sections have narrowed outlet orifices having an area that is 50% or less than the cross-sectional area of a corresponding tube. The invention permits the reduction of secondary condenser tubes while reducing the outlet header pressure sufficiently to minimize backflow, sweep non-condensables and prevent the formation of dead zones.

Abstract: A modular double V stacked dry or adiabatic heat exchanger having a bottom module with two heat exchangers arranged in a V-shape, a top module configured to rest atop and be supported by the bottom module and having two heat exchangers configured to continue and extend the V-shape formed by the two bottom heat exchangers, and a fan module configured to rest atop and be supported by the top module. The modules are factory assembled and configured to for easy shipping and connection to one-another on-site. Adiabatic pads or spray nozzles may be provided to pre-cool the air entering the system.

Abstract: A fill sheet and a fill pack manufactured from a plurality of fill sheets for cooling a cooling medium in a cooling tower, each fill sheet having a plurality of flutes extending diagonally from top to bottom of the fill sheet, the diagonal orientation of the flutes resulting from a plurality of alternating longer diagonal flute segments and shorter vertical flute segments, each of the plurality of flutes having the microstructure comprising a plurality of alternating rounded mounds and rounded depressions extending between flat ridge edges and flat valley edges of said flutes.

Abstract: A system and method for increasing the refrigeration capacity of a direct expansion refrigeration system having a vapor separator and a vapor ejector. After the throttling process at the expansion device, the mixture of liquid and vapor enters the inlet separator. The vapor separator generates vapor to power the ejector through flashing of warm refrigerant liquid from a higher temperature and pressure to a lower pressure. The cooler refrigerant liquid then goes to the evaporator coil inlet. Furthermore, the system stabilizes the superheat of the outlet vapor and reduces fluctuations in outlet superheat caused by excess unevaporated liquid flowing from the outlets of the tubes due to maldistribution at the inlet.

Abstract: A single inlet/single outlet modular counterflow cooling tower having two heat transfer sections installed atop two cold water basin sections and below three fan sections, each heat transfer section having its own water distribution system and draining into its own distinct cold water basin section. The water distribution system can provide flow over both heat transfer sections or over only a single section. The center fan support section supports the mechanical drive system for the fan and has a sealing plate at its bottom for sealing the gap between the two heat transfer sections.

Abstract: A stacked panel tube bundle for an air cooled steam condenser having two sets of condensing tubes, one set arranged above the other, the first (lower) set of tubes in direct fluid communication with a combined steam delivery/condensate collection manifold at a bottom end and in indirect fluid communication with a non-condensable collection manifold via an L-shaped extension member; the second (upper) set of tubes in direct fluid communication with the non-condensable collection manifold at the top, and in indirect fluid communication with the combined steam delivery/condensate collection manifold via an L-shaped extension member.

Abstract: A system and method for increasing the refrigeration capacity of a direct expansion refrigeration system having a vapor separator and a vapor ejector. After the throttling process at the expansion device, the mixture of liquid and vapor enters the inlet separator. The vapor separator generates vapor to power the ejector through flashing of warm refrigerant liquid from a higher temperature and pressure to a lower pressure. The cooler refrigerant liquid then goes to the evaporator coil inlet. Furthermore, the system stabilizes the superheat of the outlet vapor and reduces fluctuations in outlet superheat caused by excess unevaporated liquid flowing from the outlets of the tubes due to mal-distribution at the inlet.

Abstract: An apparatus for staged startup of air-cooled low charged packaged ammonia refrigeration system includes motorized valves on condenser coil inlets, a main compressor discharge motorized valve, a bypass pressure regulator valve in the main compressor piping, check valves on the condenser outlets and speed control of the condenser fans. The condenser inlet motorized valves provide precise control of gas feed to the condensers, so pressure can build without collapsing the oil pressure. The motorized valve in the compressor discharge piping includes a bypass with a mechanical pressure regulator to allow precise regulation at the minimum discharge pressure. Once discharge pressure rises above the minimum setpoint, the condenser inlet solenoid coils open one at a time. The discharge pressure regulating motorized valve simultaneously regulate the discharge pressure until the condenser coil has warmed up enough to maintain discharge pressure.

Abstract: A water redistribution system for adiabatically pre-cooled dry coolers having stacked adiabatic panels, the water redistribution system located between upper and lower adiabatic panels and having a plurality of alternating baffles arranged to reduce water free-fall height and resultant splashing. Upwardly turned flanges at the top of each baffle inhibit the travel of water out of the interior water channel.

Abstract: An air cooled steam condenser having heat exchanger panels supported in a heat exchange frame section. A bottom bonnet runs along the bottom length of each heat exchanger panel for delivering steam to the bottom end of condenser tubes in the heat exchange panel and for receiving condensate formed in those same tubes. The tops of the tubes are connected to a top bonnet. Uncondensed steam and non-condensables are drawn into the top bonnet from the condenser tubes. A steam distribution manifold is located below the heat exchange section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the heat exchange panels and delivers steam to each heat exchange panel via a single steam inlet located at a center point of each bottom bonnet.

Abstract: Large scale field erected air cooled industrial steam condenser having heat exchanger panels independently loaded into and supported in a heat exchange frame section. A bottom bonnet runs along the bottom length of each heat exchanger panel for delivering steam to the bottom end of condenser tubes in the heat exchange panel and for receiving condensate formed in those same tubes. The tops of the tubes are connected to a top bonnet. Uncondensed steam and non-condensables are drawn into the top bonnet from the condenser tubes. A steam distribution manifold is suspended from the heat exchange section frame perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the heat exchange panels and beneath a center point of the heat exchange panels and delivers steam to each heat exchange panel via a single steam inlet located at a center point of each bottom bonnet.

Abstract: A packaged, pumped liquid, evaporative-condensing recirculating ammonia refrigeration system with charges of 10 lbs or less of refrigerant per ton of refrigeration capacity. The compressor and related components are situated inside the plenum of a standard evaporative condenser unit, and the evaporator is close coupled to the evaporative condenser. Single or dual phase cyclonic separators may also be housed in the plenum of the evaporative condenser.

Abstract: A system and method for reducing the refrigerant charge in a refrigeration system by preheating the liquid refrigerant before it is introduced to the evaporator inlet. When refrigerant liquid is introduced to the evaporator inlet, a portion of the refrigerant liquid vaporizes. This refrigerant vapor displaces refrigerant liquid at the inlet of the evaporator. As more refrigerant vapor is introduced, the amount of liquid inside the evaporator is reduced. A heat exchanger is placed before the liquid refrigerant inlet of the evaporator to generate more vapor when the refrigerant enters the evaporator.

Abstract: A fill sheet and a fill pack manufactured from a plurality of fill sheets for cooling a cooling medium in a cooling tower, each fill sheet having a plurality of flutes extending diagonally from top to bottom of the fill sheet, the diagonal orientation of the flutes resulting from a plurality of alternating longer diagonal flute segments and shorter vertical flute segments, each of the plurality of flutes having the microstructure including a plurality of alternating rounded mounds and rounded depressions extending between flat ridge edges and flat valley edges of the flutes.

Abstract: A large scale field erected air cooled industrial steam condenser. A bottom bonnet runs along the bottom length of the heat exchanger bundle for delivering steam to the bottom end of the condenser tubes and for receiving condensate formed in those same tubes. The tops of the tubes are connected to a top bonnet. Uncondensed steam and non-condensables flow into the top bonnet from the condenser tubes. Each cell of the ACC is fed by steam distribution manifold suspended from and directly below the bundle support framework.

Abstract: A new heat exchange tube fin design in which a plurality of arrowhead shapes are pressed into or embossed onto each fin, the arrowhead shape defined by two intersecting wedge sections. The pressed arrowhead shapes are grouped into nested pairs, and one of the arrowheads in a pair is pressed as a positive relative to the fin plane and the other of the pair is pressed as a negative relative to the fin plane. The arrowhead pairs are placed in rows parallel to the air flow direction and arrowhead pairs in one row are preferably staggered relative to the arrowhead pairs in the adjacent row along the fin in the air flow direction.

Abstract: A water savings system and method for reducing the amount of water needed for adiabatic cooling including the use of a softener and a reverse osmosis device, in which tap water, softened if necessary, is delivered to a reverse osmosis device and softened water alone, reverse osmosis reject water, or softened water combined with reverse osmosis reject water is delivered to spray nozzles for cooling, and reverse osmosis pure water is stored and used periodically to flush the coils to inhibit and/or prevent corrosion from dissolved salts and other solids in the spray water.

Abstract: An apparatus for staged startup of air-cooled low charged packaged ammonia refrigeration system includes motorized valves on condenser coil inlets, a main compressor discharge motorized valve, a bypass pressure regulator valve in the main compressor piping, and check valves on the condenser outlets. The condenser inlet motorized valves provide precise control of gas feed to the condensers, so pressure can build without collapsing oil pressure. The condenser outlet contains check valves to prevent liquid backflow during coil isolation. The compressor discharge line contains a motorized valve for regulating discharge pressure at start-up. The motorized valve in the compressor discharge piping includes a bypass with a pressure regulator for precise regulation at minimum discharge pressure. Once discharge pressure rises above the setpoint, the condenser inlet solenoid coils open one at a time.