Abstract: A sampling apparatus for sampling a fluid from a fluid source includes a first fluid passage device, a second fluid passage device and a fluid by-pass. The first fluid passage device is disposed downstream of and in fluid communication with the fluid source. The second fluid passage device is disposed downstream of and is in fluid communication with the first fluid passage device. The fluid by-pass is disposed downstream of the fluid source and upstream of the second fluid passage device. The fluid by-pass being in fluid communication with and disposed between the fluid source and the second fluid passage device is operative to cause a first portion of the fluid to flow through the first fluid passage device and to cause a second portion of the fluid to by-pass the first fluid passage device and to flow to the second fluid passage device.

Abstract: An ice thickness probe includes a longitudinally-extending probe rod, an insulator casing and a sleeve. The probe rod is fabricated from an electrically-conductive material. The insulator casing is fabricated from an electrically-insulative material and is wrapped around, is in contact with and extends along the probe rod. The sleeve is fabricated from a stiff yet resilient material and is wrapped around, is in contact with and extends along the insulator casing. The insulator casing and the sleeve are concentrically disposed about the probe rod as viewed in cross-section. An ice thickness probe assembly includes a frame structure, a reference bar and at least one ice thickness probe. An ice thickness monitoring apparatus is used in a thermal storage coil having a tank containing water and a tube disposed in the water so that, when the thermal ice storage coil is energized, ice is produced and accumulates on the tube.

Abstract: A splash bar includes a tubular splash bar body in a form of a lattice structure that has a plurality of openings formed therethrough. The splash bar body is positioned centrally along and about an imaginary three-dimensional coordinate system having a lengthwise axis defining a lengthwise direction, a widthwise axis defining a widthwise direction and a heightwise axis defining a heightwise direction with the lengthwise axis, the widthwise axis and the heightwise axis being oriented perpendicularly relative to one another. The splash bar body defines a hollow passageway extending in the lengthwise direction and has a top portion, a bottom portion disposed generally opposite the top portion and a pair of opposing side portions interconnecting respective ones of the bottom and top portions with the top and bottom portions spanning the opposing side portions. The top portion is generally upwardly arcuate in shape as viewed in cross-section.

Abstract: A fluid treatment device including a source of electrical voltage having a first and second terminal, a pulse generator connected to the first terminal and the second terminal and outputting a pulsed voltage wave signal between a third terminal and a fourth terminal, at least one coil positioned adjacent at least one fluid conduit, being electrically connected to the third and fourth terminals and at least one capacitor also being electrically connected to the third and fourth terminals to form a first circuit with an inductance L, a capacitance C and a resonant frequency. The pulse generator is arranged to generate a pulsed voltage wave with a frequency approximately equal to the resonant frequency. A further circuit element is arranged to cause the voltage pulse reaching the coil to repeatedly, alternate between a period of pulsed voltage at the frequency and a period of zero voltage, with each period extending for a time in a range of approximately 2 to 33 milliseconds.

Abstract: A vertical support structure includes a mounting plate and a support member. The support member has a vertically-elongated central panel and a pair of vertically-elongated side panels connected to and extending perpendicularly from the central panel to form a U-shaped-channel as viewed in cross-section. The support member has a top edge and a bottom edge disposed vertically apart from and extending horizontally parallel to one another. The support member has a slot formed at least through the central panel. The slot is disposed between and extends parallel to the top and bottom edges. The mounting plate is slidably inserted into the slot in a close-fitting manner and is connected to the support member such that the mounting plate at least partially projects perpendicularly from the central panel away from the U-shaped channel. A guide element is connected to the top edge and extends upwardly and inwardly toward the U-shaped channel.

Abstract: A vertical support structure includes a mounting plate and a support member. The support member extends vertically along a vertical axis and has a pair of vertically-elongated panel integrally connected together in a form of an angle iron to define a vertically-extending L-shaped channel between outside edges of the pair of panels. A top edge of the support member and a bottom edge of the support member are disposed vertically apart from and extend horizontally parallel to one another. The support member has a slot formed therethrough. The slot is disposed between the top and bottom edges and extends horizontally between the outside edges. The slot is sized to slidably receive the mounting plate and the mounting plate occupying the slot is connected to the support member such that the mounting plate projects perpendicularly from the support member and away from the L-shaped channel.

Abstract: A hybrid heat exchange apparatus for indirectly transferring heat between a process fluid and ambient air includes an evaporative heat transfer cell operative in a wet mode or a dry mode, a dry heat transfer cell and a fan. The air may bypass the dry heat transfer cell to flow through a first air passage or may flow through a second air passage through the dry heat transfer cell and in either event, then through the evaporative heat transfer cell. The air may partially flow through and partially bypass the dry heat transfer cell, and then through the evaporative heat transfer cell. The evaporative heat transfer cell optionally may include a direct contact evaporative heat exchanger. Manually or automatically controlling air flow based on ambient conditions provides efficient and economical control of the hybrid heat exchange apparatus, while avoiding problems in freezing conditions.

Abstract: A louver module includes a louver module body that extends in a length-wise direction, a width-wise direction and a height-wise direction such that the length-wise direction, the width wise-direction and the height wise direction are oriented perpendicularly relative to one another. The louver module body has a plurality of air passageways extending through the louver module body generally in the width-wise direction. Each one of the plurality of air passageways has a serpentine configuration.

Abstract: A sampling apparatus for sampling a fluid from a fluid source includes a first fluid passage device, a second fluid passage device and a fluid by-pass. The first fluid passage device is disposed downstream of and in fluid communication with the fluid source. The second fluid passage device is disposed downstream of and is in fluid communication with the first fluid passage device. The fluid by-pass is disposed downstream of the fluid source and upstream of the second fluid passage device. The fluid by-pass being in fluid communication with and disposed between the fluid source and the second fluid passage device is operative to cause a first portion of the fluid to flow through the first fluid passage device and to cause a second portion of the fluid to by-pass the first fluid passage device and to flow to the second fluid passage device.

Abstract: A fluid treatment device includes an AC power source connected to first, second and third conductors. A electromagnetic field generating device is positioned adjacent to a fluid conduit, electrically connected to the first and third conductors to form a first circuit. A second electromagnetic field generating device is positioned adjacent to a second fluid conduit, electrically connected to the second and third electrical conductors to form a second circuit. A circuit element in the first circuit initiates a high frequency electromagnetic field at said first electromagnetic field generating device during a first half of the AC wave form in the first circuit, and a circuit element in the second circuit initiates a high frequency electromagnetic field at said first electromagnetic field generating device during a second half of the AC wave form in the second circuit.

Abstract: An ice thickness probe includes a longitudinally-extending probe rod, an insulator casing and a sleeve. The probe rod is fabricated from an electrically-conductive material. The insulator casing is fabricated from an electrically-insulative material and is wrapped around, is in contact with and extends along the probe rod. The sleeve is fabricated from a stiff yet resilient material and is wrapped around, is in contact with and extends along the insulator casing. The insulator casing and the sleeve are concentrically disposed about the probe rod as viewed in cross-section. An ice thickness probe assembly includes a frame structure, a reference bar and at least one ice thickness probe. An ice thickness monitoring apparatus is used in a thermal storage coil having a tank containing water and a tube disposed in the water so that, when the thermal ice storage coil is energized, ice is produced and accumulates on the tube.

Abstract: A vertical support structure includes a mounting plate and a support member. The support member has a vertically-elongated central panel and a pair of vertically-elongated side panels connected to and extending perpendicularly from the central panel to form a U-shaped-channel as viewed in cross-section. The support member has a top edge and a bottom edge disposed vertically apart from and extending horizontally parallel to one another. The support member has a slot formed at least through the central panel. The slot is disposed between and extends parallel to the top and bottom edges. The mounting plate is slidably inserted into the slot in a close-fitting manner and is connected to the support member such that the mounting plate at least partially projects perpendicularly from the central panel away from the U-shaped channel. A guide element is connected to the top edge and extends upwardly and inwardly toward the U-shaped channel.

Abstract: A vertical support structure includes a mounting plate and a support member. The support member extends vertically along a vertical axis and has a pair of vertically-elongated panel integrally connected together in a form of an angle iron to define a vertically-extending L-shaped channel between outside edges of the pair of panels. A top edge of the support member and a bottom edge of the support member are disposed vertically apart from and extend horizontally parallel to one another. The support member has a slot formed therethrough. The slot is disposed between the top and bottom edges and extends horizontally between the outside edges. The slot is sized to slidably receive the mounting plate and the mounting plate occupying the slot is connected to the support member such that the mounting plate projects perpendicularly from the support member and away from the L-shaped channel.

Abstract: A liquid distribution system for an evaporative heat rejection system that includes a heat transfer surface is disclosed. The liquid distribution system includes a plurality of liquid conduits adapted to transport liquid for distribution over the heat transfer surface, and each liquid conduit having at least one orifice. At least a first orifice in a first conduit and a second orifice in a second conduit are positioned such that when the liquid is transported under a predetermined pressure thought the conduits, the liquid is emitted from the first and second orifices in first and second streams, respectively, that collide at a collision site, thus causing liquid to be scattered from the collision site and distributed over the heat transfer surface.

Abstract: A splash bar includes a tubular splash bar body in a form of a lattice structure that has a plurality of openings formed therethrough. The splash bar body is positioned centrally along and about an imaginary three-dimensional coordinate system having a lengthwise axis defining a lengthwise direction, a widthwise axis defining a widthwise direction and a heightwise axis defining a heightwise direction with the lengthwise axis, the widthwise axis and the heightwise axis being oriented perpendicularly relative to one another. The splash bar body defines a hollow passageway extending in the lengthwise direction and has a top portion, a bottom portion disposed generally opposite the top portion and a pair of opposing side portions interconnecting respective ones of the bottom and top portions with the top and bottom portions spanning the opposing side portions. The top portion is generally upwardly arcuate in shape as viewed in cross-section.

Abstract: A dimension sensor is used in conjunction with a tube and includes a body member and at least one detector element. The body member has an inner surface defining an opening sized to receive the tube. The at least one detector element is connected to the body member and has a detector portion extending into the opening. When the tube is received in the opening, the detector portion is initially disposed apart from the tube. A method using the dimension sensor stops expansion of the tube expanding from a pre-expanded state to a desired expanded state. A pumping device is actuated to pressurize a fluid by an amount sufficient to cause the tube to expand from the pre-expanded state to the desired expanded state. When the tube expands to the desired expanded state, the pumping device deactivates thereby stopping expansion of the tube at the desired expanded state.

Abstract: A high-frequency, low-amplitude corrugated fin for a heat exchanger assembly includes a plate member that extends horizontally and vertically to define a reference plane. The plate member has a plurality of conduit portions, a first and second series of corrugated segments formed in the plate member. The first and second series of corrugated segments undulate generally equidistantly relative to and from the reference plane as viewed in cross-section. The plurality of conduit portions is inter-dispersed throughout the plate member among the first and second series of corrugated segments. Each one of the first series of corrugated segments extends at a first angle relative to horizontal and each one of the second series of corrugated segments extend at a second angle relative to horizontal such that individual adjacent ones of the first and second series of corrugated segments form at least a generally chevron-shaped configuration as viewed in plan view.

Abstract: A high-frequency, low-amplitude corrugated fin for a heat exchanger assembly includes a plate member that extends horizontally and vertically to define a reference plane. The plate member has a plurality of conduit portions, a first and second series of corrugated segments formed in the plate member. The first and second series of corrugated segments undulate generally equidistantly relative to and from the reference plane as viewed in cross-section. The plurality of conduit portions is inter-dispersed throughout the plate member among the first and second series of corrugated segments. Each one of the first series of corrugated segments extends at a first angle relative to horizontal and each one of the second series of corrugated segments extend at a second angle relative to horizontal such that individual adjacent ones of the first and second series of corrugated segments form at least a generally chevron-shaped configuration as viewed in plan view.

Abstract: A heat exchanger apparatus includes an inlet header, an inlet connection connected to the inlet header, an outlet header, an outlet connection connected to the outlet header and a plurality of serpentine tube bodies. The plurality of serpentine tube bodies interconnect and are in communication with the inlet header and outlet header. Each serpentine tube body has a plurality of straight tube sections and a plurality of U-shaped return bend sections. Each one of the straight tube sections and each one of the return bend sections have an elliptically-shaped cross-sectional configuration. The plurality of serpentine tube bodies are arranged in a juxtaposed manner with consecutive ones of the serpentine tube bodies contacting each other at a point defining a series of stacked common planes disposed parallel with one another.