Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions containing at least one metal salt of a carboxylic acid and one or more amines of formula (I) R4R12N—(CH2)x—N(R3)—(CH2)y—NR1R2 ??(I) where R1=a hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and the same or different in each occurrence, R2, R3 and R4 are each R1 or a —(Z)z—OH radical and the same or different in each occurrence, where Z is CH2 or CHR? where R?=hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and the same or different in each occurrence, z=1 to 10, x=1 to 10, y=1 to 10, and with the proviso that at least one of R2, R3 and R4 is a —(Z)z—OH radical, to a process for producing polyurethane foams wherein compositions of this type or at least one metal salt of a carboxylic acid and one or more amines of formula (I) are used, and also to low-emission polyurethane foams obtained using a carboxylic acid/a metal salt thereof and one or more amines of formula (I).

Abstract: A vacuum thermoforming process for producing a transparent molding free from optical defects, whereby the prior temperature of the mold and preform is controlled, the preform is premolded, the mold is shaped under sub-atmospheric pressure, the mold shape is cooled, and the transparent molding is removed. The transparent plastic molding is produced from polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or polycarbonate (PC) with particularly good optical quality and with relatively low cycle times. Upon removal, these moldings are dimensionally stable, free from distortion, and exhibit no surface defects such as pimples.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition and to a process for producing the composition comprising (meth)acrylamido-functional siloxanes, and to the use thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a reactor and to a process for synthesis of hydrogen sulphide from elemental sulphur and hydrogen at elevated pressure and elevated temperature. The invention further relates to the use of the reactor for preparation of hydrogen sulphide in high yield and with a low H2Sx content.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel process for the production of novel fibre-reinforced profile materials comprising a PMI foam core. In particular, the present invention relates to a novel pultrusion process, the abbreviated term used for which is pul-core process, which uses a single step for production of the fibre-reinforced profile material with simultaneous charging of the PMI foam core thereto. The same step here ensures very good linkage of the PMI foam core to the fibre-reinforced profile material.

Abstract: An ester mixture of dianhydrohexitol, a composition comprising the ester mixture and a polymer composition comprising the ester mixture or the composition, the use thereof, and a process by which the ester mixture can be prepared, where the proportion of C8 based on the sum of C8 and C10 in the overall ester mixture is 45 mol % to 85 mol %.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing trisilylamine and polysilazanes in the liquid phase, in which ammonia dissolved in an inert solvent is initially introduced in a substoichiometric amount relative to monochlorosilane which is likewise present in an inert solvent. The reaction is carried out in a reactor in which trisilylamine formed according to the following equation 4NH3+3H3SiCl?3NH4Cl+(SiH3)3N and polysilazanes are formed. The reactor is subsequently depressurized and TSA is separated off in gaseous form from the product mixture. The TSA obtained is purified by filtration and distillation and obtained in high or very high purity. Further ammonia dissolved in an inert solvent is subsequently introduced into the reactor, using, together with the previously introduced amount of ammonia, a stoichiometric excess of ammonia relative to the amount of MCS previously present.

Abstract: A process for preparing isophorone (3,5,5-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one) is provided wherein distillation vapors from the work-up of product fractions are recycled to earlier stages of operation of the process.

Abstract: In a method for making a tris-(2-hydroxyethyl)-methylammonium methylsulfate fatty acid ester by quaternizing a tris-(2-hydroxyethyl)-amine fatty acid ester with dimethylsulfate the quaternizing is carried out in the presence of a solid acid scavenger. The method can provide a fabric softener active composition, comprising from 65 to 98% by weight of at least one tris-(2-hydroxyethyl)-methylammonium methylsulfate fatty acid ester, the corresponding non-quaternized tris-(2-hydroxyethyl)-amine fatty acid esters in amounts providing a total amine number of the composition of from 2 to less than 7 mg KOH/g, and from 1 to 1500 ppm methanol.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the preparation of hydrocarbons substituted with at least one group containing at least one oxygen atom, comprising the process steps A) reaction of a carbon source comprising at least one selected from CO2 and CO to give acetate and/or ethanol with a first microorganism, B) separating off of the acetate from the first microorganism, C) reaction of the acetate to give a hydrocarbon substituted with at least one group containing at least one oxygen atom with a second microorganism and optionally D) purification of the hydrocarbon substituted with at least one group containing at least one oxygen atom.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel, rapid initiation mechanism for polymerising (meth)acrylates using latent initiators based on N-heterocyclic carbene compounds which can be thermally activated, such as, in particular, N-heterocyclic carbene-CO2 compounds, carbene-CS2 compounds or carbene-metal compounds (NHC). Using the new initiation mechanism, molecular weights of 10 000 to over 500 000 g/mol and a narrow polydispersity can be achieved for polymerisation of MMA. The polymerisations can be carried out both without solvent and in solution.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process of preparing highly pure, non-yellowing (meth)acrylic acid necessary for high-tech applications requiring long-tem color stability in the presence of amines. Process for the preparation of highly pure, non-yellowing (meth)acrylic acid comprising the steps: f) Condensation of a (meth)acrylic acid-containing gas phase obtained via a gas phase oxidation process of a C4-compound to generate an aqueous (meth)acrylic acid solution g) Separation of the (meth)acrylic acid from the aqueous (meth)acrylic acid solution to obtain crude (meth)acrylic acid h) Rectification of the crude (meth)acrylic acid to obtain pure (meth)acrylic acid via a sidestream outlet of the rectification column i) Treatment of the pure (meth)acrylic acid generated in step c) with an ion exchange resin j) Distillation of the (meth)acrylic acid generated in step d).

Abstract: The invention relates to a formulation comprising caprylic acid ethanolamide and/or capric acid ethanolamide in combination with an aluminium salt and to its use.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel enzymes that provide acetylated sphingoid bases.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cosmetic formulation containing solid particles having a mean particle size of 3 ?m to 20 ?m, characterized in that the particles contain to at least 95% by wt. native cellulose, obtained from plant fibres, the percentages by weight relating to the dry total particle weight.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for oxidizing a fatty acid or an ester thereof of formula (I) H3C—(CH2)n-COOR, wherein R is selected from the group that comprises H, methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl, wherein n is 0 to 30, preferably 6 to 24, comprising the step of oxidizing the fatty acid or the ester thereof by contacting the fatty acid or the ester thereof with a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase of the CYP153 family in the presence of molecular oxygen and NAD(P)H and a whole-cell catalyst that expresses a recombinant cytochrome P450 monooxygenase of the CYP153 family, a recombinant alcohol dehydrogenase, a recombinant transaminase, and optionally one or more than one recombinant enzyme from the group comprising alanine dehydrogenase, ferredoxin, and ferredoxin reductase, and the use of said whole-cell catalyst to oxidize a fatty acid or an ester thereof.

Abstract: The present application relates to compositions comprising at least one siloxane and at least one superplasticizer based on polycarboxylate ethers or sulphonates of lignin, melamine or naphthalene or of resins thereof, and to the use of such compositions as or in building-product mixtures or building products, especially mortar mixtures or concrete mixtures. Preferably the siloxane is a branched siloxane containing at least one “T” unit and containing at least two different polyoxyalkylene moieties.

Abstract: A composition, containing at least 50% by weight of a polyamide fraction which comprises: a) from 50 to 95 parts by weight of a polyamide having as copolymerized units bis(4-aminocyclohexyl)methane (PACM) and a linear dicarboxylic acid having from 8 to 18 C atoms; and b) from 50 to 5 parts by weight of a linear aliphatic polyamide having an average of from 8 to 12 C atoms in the monomer units, where the sum of the parts by weight of a) and b) is 100 is provided. The composition can be processed to give a moulded article having high transparency, high toughness and high resistance to chemicals, to solvents and to stress cracking.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence of the Bacillus subtilis alanine dehydrogenase or a variant thereof, where Leu197 or an amino acid which is located at a homologous position in the amino acid sequence is exchanged for an amino acid with a positively charged side chain, to a nucleic acid molecule encoding such a polypeptide, and to a process for the production of alanine or a compound generated with consumption of alanine, comprising the step of reacting pyruvate with ammonium and NADPH to give alanine by bringing the pyruvate into contact with the polypeptide according to the invention or with the cell according to the invention.

Abstract: A process for preparing a ketone by conversion of a compound E which contains an epoxy group to the ketone in the presence of a mixture comprising at least one noble metal and at least one metal oxide as a catalyst system, wherein the metal oxide in the catalyst system is at least one of titanium dioxide and zirconium dioxide, and the process is conducted at 0 to 0.9 bar of hydrogen.