Abstract: A water purification system is disclosed which, includes a reverse osmosis (RO) system or component that is connectable to a city or other outside water feed that is capable of responding to and compensating for low or no feed water pressure coming into the RO system to ensure the outgoing supply of purified water is provided consistently and at a minimum water pressure. This can be accomplished without the need for communication with another device or system-wide facility, such as a hospital, or a pharmaceutical or semiconductor manufacturing system, requiring a constant water supply.

Abstract: A method of operating a sequencing batch reactor process includes introducing wastewater to be treated into the sequencing batch reactor and subjecting the wastewater to treatment in the sequencing batch reactor in an aerated anoxic mode in in which a quantity of oxygen is supplied at a level insufficient to meet a biological oxygen demand of the wastewater, but sufficient to cause simultaneous nitrification and denitrification reactions to occur in the wastewater.

Abstract: Water treatment systems including electrically-driven and pressure-driven separation apparatus configured to produce a first treated water suitable for use as irrigation water and a second treated water suitable for use as potable water from one of brackish water and saline water and methods of operation of same.

Abstract: A system and method of treating wastewater. In one embodiment, the system comprises a biological reactor fluidly connected to a source of wastewater and having a treated wastewater outlet, a fixed film biological reactor connected to the source of wastewater and having a fixed film effluent outlet, and a ballasted system fluidly connected to the fixed film effluent outlet. The ballasted system may comprise a ballast reactor tank configured to provide a ballasted effluent, and a source of ballast material fluidly connected to an inlet of the ballast reactor tank. The system may further comprise a bypass line having an inlet fluidly connected to the source of wastewater, a first outlet fluidly connected to the ballasted system, and a second outlet fluidly connected to the fixed film biological reactor, the bypass line configured to bypass the fixed film biological reactor.

Abstract: An electrochlorination system comprises a source of feed fluid, a product fluid outlet, and a plurality of electrochemical cells connected fluidically between the source of feed fluid and the product fluid outlet. The system is configured to operate at least one of the plurality of electrochemical cells at one of a first current density or a first flow rate, and to operate another of the plurality of electrochemical cells at a second current density or second flow rate different from the respective first current density or first flow rate.

Abstract: Systems and methods for water treatment involving use of a magnetic ballast material to facilitate settling operations are provided. Magnetic ballast material is recovered downstream of clarification with a magnetic drum for reuse. At least one in-line magnetic recovery device augments the recovery of magnetic ballast material.

Abstract: A method of operating an electrochemical cell including introducing an aqueous solution into the electrochemical cell, applying a current across an anode and a cathode to produce a product, monitoring the voltage, dissolved hydrogen, or a condition of the aqueous solution, and applying the current in a pulsed waveform responsive to one of the measured parameters is disclosed. An electrochemical system including an electrochemical cell including an anode and a cathode, a source of an aqueous solution having an outlet fluidly connectable to the electrochemical cell, a sensor for measuring a parameter, and a controller configured to cause the anode and the cathode to apply the current in a pulsed waveform responsive to the parameter measurement is disclosed. Methods of suppressing accumulation of hydrogen gas within the electrochemical cell are also disclosed. Methods of facilitating operation of an electrochemical cell are also disclosed.

Abstract: According to various aspects and embodiments, a system and method for two-stage filtration is provided. The system includes an inlet fluidly connectable with wastewater, a first stage filter assembly that is fluidly connectable with the inlet and has a rotary drum with a filter surface configured for radially inward fluid flow, a second stage filter assembly that is fluidly connectable with the first stage filter and has a plurality of filter discs configured for radially outward fluid flow, and an outlet fluidly connectable with filtrate generated by the second stage disc filter assembly.

Abstract: A reverse osmosis (RO) system is described that is connected to a dialysis machine and is capable of using heated purified water to clean and disinfect an external connection section or portion disposed between the RO systems and the dialysis unit (or any other external heat tolerant device) without forming a closed loop system between both systems before and during a heat forward process. This can be accomplished without the need for direct/indirect or wired/wireless communication with the dialysis unit or the need to introduce a chemical cleaner or process that would require further rinsing after chemical disinfection.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell including a first chamber having an anode, a second chamber having a cathode, at least one ionic connection between the first chamber and the second chamber, such that liquid electrolyte from the first chamber is prevented from mixing with liquid electrolyte in the second chamber is provided. The first chamber and the second chamber can be arranged in parallel and positioned remotely from each other. An electrochemical system including the electrochemical cell, and first and second sources of saline aqueous solutions is also provided. Water treatment systems are also provided. A method of operating an electrochemical cell including introducing first and second saline aqueous solutions into first and second chambers of the electrochemical cell, and applying a current across the anode and the cathode to generate first and second products, respectively is also provided. A method of facilitating operation of an electrochemical cell is also provided.

Abstract: Electrochemical treatment for the removal of poly- and perfluorolkyl substances from water is disclosed. An electrochemical cell may include a Magnéli phase titanium oxide electrode.

Abstract: Methods of treating wastewater with a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) system having a plurality of SBRs are disclosed. The methods include operating each of the reactors in a batch flow mode, which includes controlling dissolved oxygen in the reactor to a concentration insufficient to meet a biological oxygen demand of the wastewater, but sufficient to cause simultaneous nitrification and denitrification reactions. The methods include determining an anticipated flow rate, selecting one or more reactor(s) capable of receiving wastewater in a continuous flow mode, and responsive to the anticipated flow rate being greater than one tolerated by the reactors, operating the selected reactor(s) in a continuous flow mode. Sequencing batch reactor systems including a plurality of SBRs, each having an aerator, a loading subsystem, and a controller are also disclosed.

Abstract: A system for treating water for use in aquatics or recreational facilities is disclosed. The system includes a media filter vessel, a pressure sensor, and a monochromatic light source. A method of treating water for use in aquatics or recreational facilities is also disclosed. The method includes fluidly connecting a media filter vessel to a source of water for use in aquatics or recreational facilities, illuminating a media inside the media filter vessel, observing a monochromatic light source display a first indicator and observing a monochromatic light source display a second indicator. A method of retrofitting a media filter vessel is also disclosed. The method includes installing a pressure sensor on the media filter vessel, installing a monochromatic light source and operably connecting the monochromatic light source to a manual control and to the pressure sensor.

Abstract: A system for treating metal-contaminated wastewater includes a primary treatment sub-system, a secondary treatment sub-system, and a tertiary treatment sub-system. The tertiary treatment sub-system includes a reactor tank, a source of ballast material, a source of coagulant, a solids-liquid separator, and a controller configured to recycle ballasted solids from the solids-liquid separator to the reactor tank an amount sufficient to generate metal hydroxide floc in the reactor tank to reduce a concentration of dissolved metal in the reactor tank.

Abstract: A system and method of treating wastewater. In one embodiment, the system comprises a biological reactor fluidly connected to a source of wastewater and having a treated wastewater outlet, a fixed film biological reactor connected to the source of wastewater and having a fixed film effluent outlet, and a ballasted system fluidly connected to the fixed film effluent outlet. The ballasted system may comprise a ballast reactor tank configured to provide a ballasted effluent, and a source of ballast material fluidly connected to an inlet of the ballast reactor tank. The system may further comprise a bypass line having an inlet fluidly connected to the source of wastewater, a first outlet fluidly connected to the ballasted system, and a second outlet fluidly connected to the fixed film biological reactor, the bypass line configured to bypass the fixed film biological reactor.

Abstract: A sensor assembly having a housing including a plurality of compartments, an actuator for selectively hermetically sealing or fluidly connecting the plurality of compartments, a plurality of sensors each positioned in a corresponding compartment, and a receiver is disclosed. A method of monitoring a parameter of a fluid in a remote location is also disclosed. The method includes deploying the sensor assembly to the remote location, fluidly connecting a first sensor to the fluid, transmitting to an external controller data including values for the measured parameter of the fluid, and operating the actuator to fluidly connect a second sensor responsive to the operating interval of the first sensor trending to expiration. A sensing system having a sensor assembly and an external controller is also disclosed. A method of facilitating monitoring a parameter of the fluid in a remote location by providing the sensor assembly is also disclosed.

Abstract: Water filtration systems are disclosed. The water filtration systems include a regenerative media filter vessel comprising a housing, an inlet, and an outlet, a diffuser fluidly connected to the inlet and disposed within the regenerative media filter vessel, and at least one pump configured to direct water through the water filtration system. The housing of the regenerative media filter vessel comprises a concave lower portion centered about a vertical axis of the vessel. The position of the diffuser along a height of the regenerative media filter vessel is determined by at least a ratio of the height to an inner diameter of the regenerative media filter vessel and a radius of curvature of the concave lower portion. A regenerative media filter including a diffuser having asymmetrically spaced apertures is also disclosed.

Abstract: Techniques and systems for neutralizing discharge waters from ballast and/or cooling water biocidal treatment and disinfection systems are provided. The systems utilize oxidation reduction potential control to regulate the dechlorination of a biocidal agent to allowable discharge levels in ship buoyancy systems and ship cooling water systems.