Abstract: According to the present invention, novel oil soluble compositions useful as dispersants are provided by reaction of a mono- or polycarboxylic acid acylating reactant with at least one heterocyclic polyol of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl and --CH(OH)R.sup.5, wherein R.sup.5 is C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 alkyl, and wherein X and Y are the same or different and are H or C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 alkyl, with the proviso that at least one of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 is the --CH(OH)R.sup.5 moiety.

Abstract: A highly basic lithium sulphonate, having a TBN of at least 250 mgKOH/g is prepared by heating a mixture of lithium hydroxide monohydrate and a solvent to remove water as an azeotrope of water and said solvent prior to formation of the lithium salt of the sulphonic acid and subsequently overbasing with carbon dioxide.

Abstract: An olefin polymerization catalyst comprising the reaction product of a metallocene complex of Group IVB, VB, VIb, and VIII of the Periodic Table and an excess of alumoxane.

Abstract: Water-in-oil emulsions of water-soluble polymers, i.e. polyacrylamides, which are subject to freeze-thaw degradation are stabilized against repeated freeze-thaw cycles by incorporating specific substituted succinic anhydrides.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for determining the tendency of hydrocarbon liquid to foul equipment includes a horizontal TLC plate, a light source for scanning hydrocarbon liquid sample on the TLC plate, and means for measuring the difference in light reflected by the asphaltene ring and the TLC matrix. Energy sources other than light may be employed.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for determining the tendency of hydrocarbon liquid to foul equipment includes a horizontal polymeric membrane made from polymers containing polar atoms, a light source for scanning hydrocarbon liquid sample on the membrane, and means for measuring the difference in light reflected by the asphaltene ring and the membrane matrix. Energy sources other than light may be employed.

Abstract: Hydrocarbon polymers such as ethylene copolymers may be reacted with unsaturated nitrogen-containing monomers or unsaturated carboxylic acids in the presence of a free radical catalyst such as a peroxide or azo free radical initiator and a chain stopping agent, e.g. a mercaptan to inhibit excessive cross-linking and branching. The copolymer grafted directly with the nitrogen-containing monomers may be utilized as an additive for oil and fuel compositions, particularly lubricating oil compositions as a V.I.-dispersant additive. The polymer reacted with carboxylic acid may be further reacted with amines, polyols, amino-alcohols, etc. to also form a V.I.-dispersant additive.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for chromatographically concentrating and separating a component of a multi-component feedstream using a magnetically stabilized fluidized bed. More particularly, the present invention concerns an isomobility focusing process wherein a feedstream is introduced into a magnetically stabilized bed of magnetizable solids for which the component to be separated has an affinity, the solids descending countercurrently to the ascending flow of a fluidizing medium, the feedstream and the fluidizing medium together comprising a fluid phase within the column, under conditions wherein the component is concentrated within at least one isomobility focusing zone within the column, wherein such zone an equilibrium is maintained between the velocity of the component in the fluid phase and the velocity of the component on the solid phase.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel cyclic phosphate such as 1,3-dioxa-2-phospha-6-thia-cyclooctane-2-(dodecylthiodi(ethyleneoxy)-2-oxi de, and its use as an anti-wear, anti-oxidant, and/or friction modifying agent for oleaginous compositions such as fuels, and lubricating oils particularly automatic transmission fluids. A new use of overbased metal phenates and/or sulfonates as friction stability promoters for conventional friction modifying agents is also provided.

Abstract: A method for agglomerating and dewatering elastomeric material having a relatively high water content wherein the elastomeric material is fed to a pair of counterrotating pressing rolls with a tight nip opening. The elastomeric material is drawn through the nip opening and compacted and dewatered therein. The method of the present invention produces at least a doubling of the particle size of the feed material and a reduction in the water content of the feed material in the range of 30 to 80%.

Abstract: A breathable polyolefin film is prepared by melt embossing a highly filled polyolefin film to impose a pattern of different film thickness therein and by stretching the melt embossed film to impart greater permeability in the areas of reduced thickness in comparison to the areas of greater thickness.

Abstract: Hydrocarbon compositions, including oligomers and polymers, for use in improving the thermo-oxidative stability and the dispersancy and viscosity index improvement (for high molecular weight) properties of fuels and lubricating oils are disclosed. These compositions are adducts of sulfur mono- and diimides having one of the following formulae: ##STR1## wherein r is a hydrocarbyl containing at least 18 carbon atoms, in which X.dbd. can be O.dbd., S.dbd., Y'--N.dbd., i is 0 or 1, --Y and Y'-- can be ##STR2## wherein R' is hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbyloxy, R" is hydrocarbyl, R'" and R"" are hydrocarbyloxy, and each of R', R", R'", and R"" is from 1 to 20 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Process for the bulk polymerization of vinyl acetate with a diester are disclosed which are carried out in the absence of a solvent and including reacting the vinyl acetate and fumaric acid diester with a peroxide catalyst at specified molar ratios and up to reaction temperatures of from 255.degree. to 320.degree. F. to produce fumarate vinyl acetate copolymers having number average molecular weight below 50,000 for use as lubricating oil and fuel oil additives.

Abstract: Elimination of gel/emulsion formation such as occurs during liquid-liquid extractions of elastomeric olefin polymers is accomplished by the introduction of a cationic polyelectrolyte into the extraction system. The removal of catalyst residues from a solution of elastomeric olefin polymers by means of aqueous extraction, which can be accompanied by gel/emulsion formation, is facilitated by the presence of a cationic polyelectrolyte such as melamine-formaldehyde resin cationic colloids whereby a useful polymer product is obtained.

Abstract: Low viscosity ethylene acrylic copolymers and blends thereof with other fiber-forming polymers for spunbond and melt blown nonwoven applications. Ethylene/alkyl (meth) acrylate, especially ethylene/methyl acrylate copolymers are found to be suitable for fiber-forming operations, especially melt blowing when the melt index is at least about 10. Blends of the copolymer with other fiber-forming polymers are especially suitable for fiber-forming operations. The nonwoven products of the copolymers and blends of the invention show a good degree of elongation making them especially suitable for certain fabric applications and new uses. The nonwoven fabrics are comprised of fibers of the copolymers and blends, having a diameter of about 1-40 microns. Larger fibers may also be formed by various techniques.

Abstract: A seal layer for use in large institutional-sized retort pouches comprises an ABA film structure wherein the A layers are each composed of a blend of a minor amount of an elastomer and a major amount of a polyolefin, and the B layer is composed of a blend of a major amount of an elastomer and a minor amount of a polyolefin. Retort pouches made with this ABA film structure as the seal layer exhibits improved impact strength.

Abstract: A method for easily and quickly determining the tendency of a petroleum fraction (oil or resid) to foul in refinery equipment comprises determining the ratio of the saturates or aromatics (polar, neutral or total): asphaltenes for the petroleum in question and comparing this ratio with a plot of ratios and fouling tendencies for a set of prior oils or resids. It has been found that the ratio and the relationship to fouling are completely consistent and reproducible phenomenon which thereby provide a rapid means for a substantially quantitative measure of fouling tendency.

Abstract: An improved asphalt roof-coating composition of the asbestos-free type which include asphalt cutback, clay, a surfactant, and fillers. An alkyloxyalkylamine salt surfactant, preferably an alkyloxypropylamine salt having an alkyl chain with from 10 to 20 carbon atoms is utilized in substantially lower amounts than required of surfactants in previous compositions. Excellent stable gel structure and easier blending are provided.

Abstract: According to one aspect of the present invention, an improved method for preparing acrylic copolymer resins is provided in which the polymerization solvent includes an internal olefin. The monomers comprise hydroxy-substituted alkyl (meth)acrylates, and non-hydroxy substituted alkyl (meth)acrylates, and the process provides an improved method for forming low molecular weight acrylic resins useful as components in high solids acrylic coatings suitable for electrostatic spraying. The polymerization solvent can remain in the resin to become the solvent employed in the higher solids coating containing the thus-formed acrylic resins and provides surprisingly improved electrical resistivity and color decreased over previously used polymerization solvents, and has good compatibility with the acrylic monomer/resin system.

Abstract: A method for determining the fouling tendency of an asphaltene containing petroleum stream such as crude oil by the use of thin layer chromatography. The chromatogram of a crude oil formed in the presence of an asphaltene antisolvent which exhibits a fouling tendency developed a distinct, dark ring or disk.