Abstract: A process for the preparation of a catalyst useful for conducting carbon monoxide conversion reactions, especially a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst, use of the catalyst for conducting such reactions, especially Fischer-Tropsch reactions, and the composition produced by said process. In the preparation of the catalyst, a solution of a carbohydrate, or sugar, notably a monosaccharide or disaccharide, particularly sucrose, is employed to impregnate and disperse a compound or salt of a catalytic metal, or metals, e.g., copper or an Iron Group metal such as iron, cobalt, or nickel, or in a preferred embodiment both a compound or salt of rhenium and a compound or salt of a catalytic metal, or metals, e.g., copper or an Iron Group metal such as iron, cobalt, or nickel, onto a refractory inorganic oxide support, e.g., titania. The rhenium, when present only in small amount permits full and complete reduction of the catalytic metal, or metals, dispersed by the carbohydrate.

Abstract: The present invention resides in a turbo oil composition exhibiting enhanced antioxidancy and resistance to deposit formation, and to a method for achieving that result in turbo oils. The gas turbine lubricating oil of the present invention comprises a major proportion of synthetic polyol ester based base stock including diesters and polyol esters, preferably polyol ester based base stock and a minor proportion of an antioxidant/deposit control additive, specifically a sulfur-containing carboxylic acid (SCCA) derivative. Other conventional additives such as extreme pressure, pour point reduction, oxidative stability, anti-foaming, hydrolytic stability, improved viscosity index performance, anti-wear, and corrosion inhibitor additives and others may also be employed. The use of SCCA derivative produces a turbo oil exhibiting markedly superior oxidation stability and deposit control performance compared to that exhibited by turbo oil without the SCCA derivative.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a method of decreasing the metals content of metal containing petroleum streams by forming a mixture of the petroleum fraction containing those metals and an aqueous electrolysis medium containing electron transfer agent, and passing an electric current through the mixture or through the pretreated aqueous electrolysis medium at a voltage, sufficient to remove the metals such as Ni, V and Fe from the stream (i.e. to produce a petroleum fraction having decreased content of the metals). The cathodic voltage is from 0 V to -3.0 V vs. SCE. The invention provides a method for enhancing the value of petroleum feeds that traditionally have limited use in refineries due to their metals, e.g., Ni and V content.

Abstract: A method for producing a process oil is provided in which a napthenic rich feed is enriched with an aromatic extract oil. The enriched feed is then subjected to a solvent extraction thereby providing a process oil.

Abstract: A fluid cat cracking process for catalytically cracking a feed containing vanadium into lower boiling products, includes a cat cracker and a regenerator, with the feed entering the catalytic cracking zone preheated by indirect heat exchange with spent, stripped catalyst particles being recycled from the cracking reactor to the regenerator. Operating the regenerator at a temperature no higher than about 1150.degree. F. permits the amount of vanadium in the feed to be substantially increased with no loss of catalytic activity due to vanadium poisoning of the catalyst, when compared to a higher regenerator temperature of 1365.degree. F. Using the stripped, spent catalyst for heating the feed reduces feed coking and heat exchanger fouling, compared to using the hotter regenerated catalyst for feed preheat.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a grease containing base oil, a thickener and a hydrocarbyl substituted diamine additive exhibiting enhanced resistance to corrosion.

Abstract: The present invention provides for amorphous, nanoporous, catalytic metal-containing ceramic material having a surface area in excess of 70 m.sup.2 /gm and characterized by a high content of open microporous cell structure wherein the micropores have a mean width of less than 20 Angstroms and wherein said microporous structure comprises a volume of greater than about 0.03 cm.sup.3 /gm of the ceramic. The invention also provides for a preceramic composite intermediate composition comprising a mixture of a ceramic precursor and from about 0.5 up to about 65 wt % of an organometallic compound containing a metal of Group IB, II, III, IV, IV, V, VIB, VIIA or VIII of the Periodic Table, including rare earth metals, whose pyrolysis product in ammonia or an inert atmosphere at temperatures of up to less than about 1100.degree. C. gives rise to the nanoporous catalytic ceramics of the invention.

Abstract: In a hydrocarbon synthesis process, nitrogen is cryogenically removed from natural gas to produce a synthesis gas feed comprising methane which is substantially free of nitrogen. This feed is converted to a synthesis gas comprising a mixture of H.sub.2 and CO which is substantially free of the HCN and NH.sub.3 hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst deactivating nitrogen species. This reduces the need for rejuvenating the hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst. During the cryogenic separation, C.sub.2+ hydrocarbons are separated from the natural gas and all or a portion of the separated C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 hydrocarbons are added to the methane feed before it is converted into syngas, to increase syngas production. All or a portion of the separated C.sub.2 -C.sub.3 hydrocarbons may be removed as LPG.

Abstract: A triple tail surfactant composition useful in emulsifying viscous hydrocarbon with water is disclosed. The composition includes an organic solvent and at least one triple tail surfactant represented by the formulae ##STR1## where R is where R is an alkyl group of from about 6 to about 20 carbon atoms; A is a polyhydric alcohol radical, especially a hexitol radical; Y an alkenyl group of from 2 to about 4 carbon atoms; n is an integer of from 0 to 25; and Z is --H, --SO.sup.-.sub.3 M.sup.+, --SO.sup.-.sub.2 M.sup.+, or --PO.sup.-.sub.3 M.sup.+ where M is an alkali metal.

Abstract: Applicant has discovered a new zeolite membrane and a process for preparing the same. The membrane is unique in that the zeolite crystals making up the membrane pack in a manner such that the membrane is essentially continuous with no large scale voids even when the membrane is <10 .mu.m thick. Thus, the present invention is directed toward a zeolite membrane wherein said membrane is comprised of a porous substrate and a layer of zeolite crystals wherein said layer of zeolite crystals is a polycrystalline layer with at least 99% of said zeolite crystals having at least one point between adjacent crystals that is .ltoreq.20 .ANG. and wherein at least 90% of said crystals have widths of from about 2 to about 50 microns and wherein at least 75% of said crystals have a thickness of within 20% of the average crystal thickness and wherein said membrane has at most 1 V % voids in said zeolite layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides for enhanced bioremediation of hydrocarbon contaminated soils and waters by treating soil or water with a composition comprising of a metal chelated macrocyclic amido amines or mixtures thereof represented by the structural formula: ##STR1## where R is selected from linear or branched alkanes with 8 to 22 carbons, linear or branched alkenes with 4 to 22 carbon atoms;T.sub.1, T.sub.2 and T.sub.3 are independently selected from ethylene, trimethylene, CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 (NHCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2).sub.x where x is an integer from 1 to 10;MaQb is a metal compound wherein M is a cation selected from cations of Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Mn; and,Q is an anion selected from nitrate, phosphate anions; and a and b are integers from 1 to 3 necessary to satisfy the valence requirements of M and Q.a phosphorous source, anda diluent.

Abstract: A method for producing a process oil is provided in which an aromatic extract oil is added to a napthenic rich feed. The combined feed is then hydrotreated in a first hydrotreating stage to convert at least a portion of sulfur and nitrogen in the feed to hydrogen sulfide and ammonia. After stripping the feed is subjected to a second hydrotreating stage to provide a process oil.

Abstract: A process for increasing the yield of C.sub.3 and C.sub.4 olefins by injecting light cat naphtha together with steam into an upstream reaction zone of a FCC riser reactor. The products of the upstream reaction zone are conducted to a downstream reaction zone and combined with fresh feed in the downstream reaction zone.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a mixed ionic electronic conductor membrane comprising a dense layer sandwiched between two porous layers. Furthermore the invention discloses the application of this membrane to the use of partial oxidation of hydrocarbons. One porous layer, which is in contact with air, promotes the generation of oxygen ions. The oxygen ions diffuse through the dense layer to the second porous layer which is in contact with a hydrocarbon and result in partial oxidation of the hydrocarbon.

Abstract: Hydrogen containing tail gas from a hydrocarbon synthesis reactor is used as a hydrogen containing catalyst rejuvenating gas. If CO is present, the CO content, is less than 10 mole % of the gas and the H.sub.2 to CO mole ratio is greater than 3:1. At least a portion of the water and liquid hydrocarbons are removed from the tail gas, before it is used to rejuvenate the reversibly deactivated catalyst.

Abstract: A method for producing a process oil is provided in which an aromatic extract oil is added to a naphthenic rich feed to provide a blended feed. The blended feed is then extracted with an aromatic extract solvent to yield a raffinate which subsequently is hydrotreated to provide a process oil.

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward a hydrogenation process using a highly active aromatics hydrogenation catalyst. The catalyst is prepared by decomposing a catalyst precursor selected from the group consisting of metal amine molybdates, metal amine tungstates and mixtures thereof, wherein said metal amine catalyst precursor has the general formula ML (Mo.sub.y W.sub.1-y O.sub.4).sub.a where M is Cr and/or one or more divalent promoter metals selected from the group consisting of Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn; L is one or more neutral nitrogen-containing ligands at least one of which is a chelating polydentate ligand; 0.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.1; and a=1 for non-chromium containing catalysts and wherein 0.5.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.3 for chromium containing catalysts, at a temperature of about 200.degree. C. to about 400.degree. C. in an inert atmosphere; then reducing at a temperature of about 300.degree. C. to about 450.degree. C.

Abstract: A heavy feed, such as a resid which contains coke precursors and metals, is upgraded by dissolving a feed soluble metal alkoxide in the feed which is heated to a temperature sufficient to decompose the alkoxide, but below 450.degree. F. The alkoxide decomposition precipitates at least a portion of the coke precursors and metals out of the feed as a separate phase, thereby effectively removing them to form an upgraded feed. The upgraded feed, with or without the precipitate present, is then sent to a cat cracker or to other upgrading. When fed into a cat cracker, such as a FCC, the upgraded feed is converted to lower boiling liquids with less deactivation of the cracking catalyst than would occur if the metals and coke precursors remained in the feed, even with the precipitate present in the feed. In the cat cracker, the precipate which contains the alkoxide metal and coke precursors and metals from the feed, is converted into coke particles having a particle size smaller than the catalyst particles.

Abstract: A composition for dispersing oil slicks comprises a surfactant or a mixture of surfactants having the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 may be the same or different oxyalkylene or polyoxyalkylene groups, andwherein R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 may be the same or different alkyl or alkenyl groups. The composition also includes a carrier solvent.

Abstract: Discloses high purity solvent compositions constituted of n-paraffins and isoparaffins, with the isoparaffins containing predominantly methyl branches, and having an isoparaffin:n-paraffin ratio sufficient to provide superior low temperature properties and low viscosities. The solvent compositions are made by a process wherein a waxy, or long chain paraffinic feed, especially a Fischer-Tropsch wax, is reacted over a dual function catalyst to produce hydroisomerization and hydrocracking reactions at 700.degree. F.+ conversion levels ranging from about 20 to 90 wt. % to provide a C.sub.5 -1050.degree. F. crude fraction. The C.sub.5 -1050.degree. F. crude fraction is then topped via atmospheric distillation to produce a low boiling fraction with an upper end point boiling between about 650.degree. F. and 750.degree. F. The low boiling fraction is fractionated and a narrow boiling range solvent obtained therefrom; one which can be further divided into solvent grades of various boiling ranges.