Abstract: A process for disc type friction false twisting, the disc having an inorganic yarn-engaging surface, with a critical surface texture of more than 75 and less than 400 peaks of at least 50 microinches in height per linear inch and a hardness greater than 975 on the Knoop.sub.100 scale. Preferably, the apparatus is an intermeshing disc friction false twist apparatus.

Abstract: A method for producing a spun-like yarn simulating a staple yarn is described wherein continuous filament yarn is produced which has characteristics similar to a staple spun yarn. The unusual continuous filament yarn produced is made by a texturing process which involves the crimping of a continuous synthetic yarn followed by overfeeding to an air bulking means and thence to heat setting means. The preferred method utilizes false twist texturing of synthetic filaments such as polyester, nylon, cellulose acetate or cellulose triacetate and mixtures thereof with an air bulking jet interposed to act on the false twist textured yarn while it has a high residual torque and subsequently decaying said torque.

Abstract: Synthetic fibers, such as filaments and yarns, of enhanced processability by virtue of a non reactive finish thereon including a fatty acid ester or mineral, animal or vegetable oil lubricant; an end capped emulsifier of a condensate of a long chain ester, alcohol, amide and/or a hydroxy-terminated, alkyl-substituted aryl; and, if desired, a small but effective amount of a salt of a dialkyl sulfosuccinic acid.

Abstract: A textile or textile-like polyester element having improved adhesion to rubber and being characterized by a high surface energy, a chemically unmodified surface and a coating which is a crystallizing agent for the polyester substrate.

Abstract: A low denier, high tenacity poly(ethylene terephthalate) fibrillated tape yarn particularly suited for conversion into a sewing thread which exhibits excellent sewing performance is produced by intimately mixing poly(ethylene terephthalate) polymer with from about 0.1 to 20 percent polypropylene based on the weight of poly(ethylene terephthalate), extruding the polymer mixture in the form of a tape through a slit die having a modified entry port wherein the depth of the slit is greater at both ends than at the middle, at a melt draw down of from about 26:1 to about 75:1, quenching said tape, hot drawing said tape in two stages wherein said tape is initially hot drawn to a draw ratio of from about 3.3 to about 4.2 while being subjected to a temperature of from about 80.degree. to about 140.degree. C, thereafter hot drawing to a total draw ratio of about 5.0 while heated to a temperature about 160 degrees and thereafter subjecting the tape to fibrillation.

Abstract: Apparatus and process for intermingling a synthetic continuous filament multifilament yarn at substantially any point on a synthetic filament yarn threadline by subjecting the yarn to simultaneous action of two opposed fluid jets which are radial and perpendicular to the yarn threadline. The apparatus has a yarn processing bore which is circular in cross-section and has a length to diameter ratio of from 1 to 2 to 2 to 1. The air entry ports of the apparatus are radial to the bore and opposed to each other in a common plane which is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the bore.

Abstract: Poly(tetramethylene terephthalate) hosiery yarn.

Abstract: Novel carboxylic acid salts of substituted quaternary ammonium bases and processes for the production of polyesters by direct esterification of a glycol and a dicarboxylic acid involving the additions of such salts to the esterification reaction.

Abstract: An improved apparatus for winding yarn or thread onto a bobbin to form a yarn package is described which comprises a support assembly for maintaining uniform pressure between the drive roll and yarn package during winding so that a yarn package having greater uniformity is produced. The described apparatus further includes an improved take-up roll having a braking means cooperating with a yarn package or bobbin release means, whereby the yarn package cannot be released from the take-up roll until the take-up roll has ceased rotation. Also described is a doffing mechanism associated with the winder for doffing yarn packages from the take-up roll after they are released by the package release means.

Abstract: An apparatus and process for disc type friction false twisting, the disc having an inorganic yarn-engaging surface, with a critical surface texture of more than 75 and less than 400 peaks of at least 50 microinches in height per linear inch and a hardness greater than 975 on the Knoop.sub.100 scale. Preferably, the apparatus is an intermeshing disc friction false twist apparatus.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method is disclosed for the production of synthetic filament yarns containing substantial portions of additives which retain or develop a stickiness under certain yarn spinning conditions. Such additives cause the individual filaments in the yarn to adhere to each other under hot, humid spinning conditions such as are countered more particularly in nylon spinning-steam conditioning. The apparatus disclosed is a convergence guide which brings the filaments together in the spinning column just prior to the steam conditioner, but in so converging the filaments, maintains the individual filaments in a spaced relationship to each other such that they remain separate from each other as they pass through a steam conditioner.

Abstract: Synthetic fibers, such as filaments and yarns, of enhanced processability by virtue of a non reactive finish thereon including a fatty acid ester or mineral, animal or vegetable oil lubricant; an end capped emulsifier of a condensate of a long chain ester, alcohol, amide and/or a hydroxy-terminated, alkyl-substituted aryl; and, if desired, a small but effective amount of a salt of a dialkyl sulfosuccinic acid.

Abstract: A fluid yarn processing jet of trilaminar construction wherein a recessed discontinuous inner lamina forms a yarn processing duct which has at least one fluid entry port thereto and wherein an outer lamina is readily removable to facilitate the placement of yarn within the duct. All exterior edges in the vicinity of the duct which are resultant from the recessing of the inner laminar are rounded so as to prevent yarn damage.

Abstract: A novel bobbin is described for the winding of synthetic yarn in which the bobbin has means for temporarily securing the yarn end which is used as a bobbin to bobbin transfer tail. The yarn end is held on the winding surface of the bobbin by retainer means in a position whereby the yarn end can be easily picked up and unwound a few turns for the making of a yarn transfer tail. The yarn retainer comprises a strip of hook and loop fastener to which the yarn end readily adheres.

Abstract: An improved apparatus for winding yarn or thread onto a bobbin to form a yarn package is described which comprises a support assembly for maintaining uniform pressure between the drive roll and yarn package during winding so that a yarn package having greater uniformity is produced. The described apparatus further includes an improved take-up roll having a braking means cooperating with a yarn package or bobbin release means, whereby the yarn package cannot be released from the take-up roll until the take-up roll has ceased rotation. Also described is a doffing mechanism associated with the winder for doffing yarn packages from the take-up roll after they are released by the package release means.

Abstract: An improved apparatus for winding yarn or thread onto a bobbin to form a yarn package is described which comprises a support assembly for maintaining uniform pressure between the drive roll and yarn package during winding so that a yarn package having greater uniformity is produced. The described apparatus further includes an improved take-up roll having a braking means cooperating with a yarn package or bobbin release means, whereby the yarn package cannot be released from the take-up roll until the take-up roll has ceased rotation. Also described is a doffing mechanism associated with the winder for doffing yarn packages from the take-up roll after they are released by the package release means.

Abstract: Process and apparatus for crimping filamentary material, the process comprising forcing hot fluid entrained yarn into a crimping chamber in one direction, forcing cold fluid into the crimping chamber from an opposite direction and exhausting both fluids from the crimping chamber either radially and/or axially. The apparatus employs a crimping chamber having axially aligned entrance and exit portions and means within the crimping chamber for radially exhausting fluids.

Abstract: There is provided a process for preparing yarn comprised of at least 83 percent (by weight) of poly(tetramethylene) terephthalate with a spun denier per filament of from about 0.6 to about 50 from a polymer with a relative viscosity of from about 10 to about 50. In said process filaments of said polymer are extruded through a spinnerette at a spinning temperature of from about 240 to about 280 degrees centigrade, and the extruded filaments are taken up at a windup speed of from about 1000 to about 10,000 feet per minute; during said extrusion, the spinning threadline tension per extruded filament (as measured about 70 inches from the face of the spinnerette) is at least 0.09 grams per filament. Thereafter the extruded filaments are drawn in one or more stages to a draw ratio of from about 1.0 to about 5.0 and, during the drawing step, the filaments are passed over a heated object at a temperature of from about 60 to about 180 degrees centigrade.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for the production of a novel industrial polyester filament yarn of improved uniformity wherein a plurality of filaments are melt-spun into a heated zone coupled with controlled cooling. The yarn produced has improved long and short term Uster uniformity and improved uniformity of physical properties, particularly breaking strength, as shown by a reduced standard deviation of breaking strength. The yarn is produced by melt spinning into a heated zone which maintains the filaments molten for intervals below the spinneret face and subsequently quenching the filaments with a radial outflow of cooling gases, thereby producing a low birefringence yarn which is capable of being drawn at high draw ratios to high tenacities.

Abstract: A filamentary yarn knot is described for use in creeling and transfer tailing yarns in a process which involves draw texturing. The yarns being creeled are undrawn or only partially drawn which are knotted together utilizing a balance knot. The yarn ends are first drawn prior to knotting the yarn so that the knot diameter is reduced to a diameter smaller than the diameter of the undrawn yarn and not greater than twice that of the drawn yarn.