Abstract: A method of monitoring the reversal system of coke oven batteries comprises monitoring the position of the air valves, waste heat discs, and gas cocks in each of the coke ovens of a battery, measuring and centrally registering the temperatures and/or flow rates of the fluids supplied into and discharged from the oven, namely of combustion air, gases and waste gases, comparing the measured values with the desired values corresponding to the position of the system elements, and upon an undue deviation, signals for carrying out safety measures, such as actuating a gas deficiency safety, are automatically delivered. Also measured may be the oil pressure in the lines for supplying the hydraulic signals actuating the reversal mechanism, with again a release of alarm signals. A device for monitoring the reversal system includes an apparatus connected to the valves for shifting all of the valves between an operating position in one characteristic way to an operating condition in another characteristic way.

Abstract: A method of desulfurizing coke oven gas comprises directing the coke oven gases upwardly and in a hydrogen sulfide scrubber tower, washing the coke oven gases in a cyclic ammonia washing including admixing sulfur compounds containing waste gases and without cooling with ammonia in a degasifying unit which is supplied with ammonia containing water which is advantageously obtained from a tar separator and using the heat content of the waste gases to expel the ammonia from the water, and directing the waste gases laden with the expelled ammonia into the tower. The waste gases advantageously come from a Claus plant process and they are laden with ammonia and they are advantageously directed into the upper portion of the scrubber tower. Ammonia water is circulated in an ammonia circuit from an outlet which is advantageously located in the upper portion of the tower to an inlet which connects to the tower above the outlet.

Abstract: A method of dry cooling coke using a coke transporting bucket which has a removable cover with an exhaust pipe extending from the interior of the bucket to an exterior exhaust connection and a cooling shaft for the coke comprises directing red hot coke into the bucket, covering the bucket with the cover and transporting the coke to the cooling shaft and connecting the exhaust pipe to the exhaust system while the bucket is in the shaft and emptying the bucket into the cooling shaft. The coke transporting bucket comprises a container having a bottom discharge which is closable by a flap and a removable cover which seats around the rim of the container to seal it. An exhaust pipe is carried by the cover and it extends into the interior thereof for removing gases from within the bucket and delivering them to an exterior connection which is connectable to an exhaust line.

Abstract: A method for the dry cooling of coke comprises transferring the coke from the coke oven to a special bucket which is moved over a charging hole of a cooling pit. The space between the bucket and the charging hole is closed off and sealed against the atmosphere and a shutter which closes the top of the charging hole is moved upwardly and then transversely off the charging hole to open it as an intermediate charging guide piece is moved in position between the hole and the bucket for the transfer of the coke therebetween. The space between the bucket and the charging hole is sealed by a frame of a sluicing device in which the shutter and the intermediate charging hole guidepiece is movable. The device advantageously runs on wheels which are located outside the frame which seals the sapce between the charging bucket and the charging pit. The frame of the sluicing device advantageously includes a sealing element which engage into a recess seal combined around the charging hole.

Abstract: A sealing arrangement at coke oven chambers, for gastightly sealing the junction gaps between a transfer means, such as provided on coke guide cars or at the pushing machine and the coke oven, comprises sealing sheets at the oven side, which in operating position, apply against the outside of the chamber opening. The inner space of this transfer means is connected to stationary exhausters, for example. The sealing sheets comprise a plurality of individual segments which, as the transfer means is put in place, are pressed by adjustable springs acting through sliding rods against anchor posts and, at the top of the chamber opening against plates connected between the anchor posts at the top of the chamber.

Abstract: A gas collecting hood for taking off emissions from coke being pushed out of coke oven chambers, travels along with a coke guide alongside the battery. The hood is connected through a gas collecting duct to a stationary exhausting system. The hood is supported at three points, through roller (15,16) at two points (A,B) on a rail (11) which is provided at the hood side remote from the coke guide (3), and pivotally at a point (C) on the coke guide (3).

Abstract: A coke oven door comprises a flat sealing diaphragm which is secured between and spaced apart from the door body and the door plug and is provided on its periphery with sealing knife edges which project against the door frame. The sealing edges are pressed against the door frame by bias adjustable springs, through spring loaded plungers. The door plug is formed by a plurality of individual plug elements closely adjacent to each other and supported by associated plug holders, and the sealing diaphragm is firmly screwed in place between the door body and the plug holders only in the upper and lower zones or areas of the door. In the intermediate zone, the diaphragm is connected to a back-up plate and to the plug holders and held adjustably spaced apart from the door body.

Abstract: Briquettes made from bituminous or sub-bituminous coal or peat are produced by grinding the coal, mixing it with a binder and compacting the mixture. They are then carbonized in a continuous process in a shaft oven. The coal may be predried and the finished briquettes may be preheated, with a subsequent drying and hardening. The carbonization is effected in two stages in an indirectly heated shaft oven, with the evolved gas being taken off about at the mid-height of the oven shaft, processed, and used for heating in the second, high-temperature stage. The flue gases from this high-temperature stage are used for heating in the first stage and for preheating. The second or high-temperature stage is followed by a cooling stage where the gases evolved in the second stage, and mainly comprising hydrogen are used and circulated. The evolved gas in excess is continuously removed from the cooling circuit.

Abstract: A method of dry cooling coke using a coke transporting bucket which has a removable cover with an exhaust pipe extending from the interior of the bucket to an exterior exhaust connection and a cooling shaft for the coke comprises directing red hot coke into the bucket, covering the bucket with the cover and transporting the coke to the cooling shaft and connecting the exhaust pipe to the exhaust system while the bucket is in the shaft and emptying the bucket into the cooling shaft. The coke transporting bucket comprises a container having a bottom discharge which is closable by a flap and a removable cover which seats around the rim of the container to seal it. An exhaust pipe is carried by the cover and it extends into the interior thereof for removing gases from within the bucket and delivering them to an exterior connection which is connectable to an exhaust line.

Abstract: Ammonia and hydrogen sulfide are washed out of the coke oven gas and stripped from the wash liquor in the form of gases and fumes or vapors. The ammonia is decomposed in a nickel catalyzer and a small part of the decomposition gases is supplied directly to a combustion furnace, while the larger part of the combustion gases is first cooled and freed from condensate, and only then supplied to the combustion furnace. In the combustion furnace, the proportion of H.sub.2 S/SO.sub.2 needed for the Claus process is adjusted by a partial combustion of the decomposition gases. The gases from the combustion furnace are then processed in the Claus plant to sulfur.

Abstract: A method for the dry cooling of coke comprises transferring the coke from the coke oven to a special bucket which is moved over a charging hole of a cooling pit. The space between the bucket and the charging hole is closed off and sealed against the atmosphere and a shutter which closes the top of the charging hole is moved upwardly and then transversely off the charging hole to open it as an intermediate charging guide piece is moved in position between the hole and the bucket for the transfer of the coke therebetween. The space between the bucket and the charging hole is sealed by a frame of a sluicing device in which the shutter and the intermediate charging hole guidepiece is movable. The device advantageously runs on wheels which are located outside the frame which seals the space between the charging bucket and the charging pit. The frame of the sluicing device advantageously includes a sealing element which engages into a recess seal combined around the charging hole.

Abstract: The invention makes possible a coking operation largely or completely eliminating waste water by converting the gas condensates obtained from the coking plant by a reverse osmosis process into a permeate which can be recycled to the coking operation, and a concentrated lye.

Abstract: A coke oven door is equipped with a metallic sealing strip extending therearound and providing a tight seal for the coke oven. The sealing strip is a compound structure of thin layers or laminations of corrosion-resistant, preferably 0.5 mm thick sheet material. The individual layers are welded to one another at their edges, and, especially if the sealing strip is designed as a sectional diaphragm, a knife-edged sealing blade is provided on the free side of the sealing strip, which blade is pressed into tight contact with the door frame by means of thrust plungers, for example. Due to its laminated structure, the sealing strip is capable of taking up hammering without becoming permanently deformed.

Abstract: A method of measuring out a furnace charge of a predried and preheated coal in a closed system in which the coal is fed from a bottom discharge of a storage bunker into a filling cart container which is disposed therebeneath comprises opening the bottom discharge of the storage bunker to permit the fall of the coal from the bunker into the container while blocking off a portion of the filling container space until the remaining space in the filling container is filled and coal no longer flows through the bottom discharge and a column of coal remains in the discharge above the filling cart. A shutoff member is then directed through the column of coal in the bunker discharge above the filling cart container, to cut the column above the upper edge of the filling cart container, and opening the blocked-off portion in the filling cart container space to absorb the coal within the filling cart container.

Abstract: A coke oven handling apparatus, for use with a coke oven having a battery of horizontally arranged side by side coke ovens with a quenching car trackway for a coke quenching car disposed alongside the battery outwardly of a coke cake guide car which is also movable along the ovens of the battery on a guide car trackway, comprises a stationary closed gas exhaust system which has an exhaust connection adjacent the quenching car. The support structure provides a support for a hood and a trackway for the hood adjacent the quenching car trackway and a structure is supported upon and movable along the hood support and trackway structure. The hood structure includes a first hood portion of vertically deep size which is adapted to be positioned adjacent a coke cake guide car in a position to overlie coke being pushed through the guide car into the quenching car.

Abstract: A coke oven handling apparatus for use with a coke oven having a battery of horizontally arranged side by side coke ovens with a quenching car trackway for a coke quenching car disposed alongside the battery outwardly of a coke cake guide car which is also movable along the ovens of the battery on a guide car trackway comprises a stationary closed gas exhaust system which has an exhaust connection adjacent the quenching car. The support structure provides a support for a hood and a trackway for the hood adjacent the quenching car trackway and a structure is supported upon and movable along the hood support and trackway structure. The hood structure includes a first hood portion of vertically deep size which is adapted to be positioned adjacent a coke cake guide car in a position to overlie coke being pushed through the guide car into the quenching car.

Abstract: A heating system for regenerative coke oven batteries having a plurality of coke oven chambers separated by heating walls and a plurality of regenerators extending the length of the coke oven for preheating air and cooling hot waste gases comprises a plurality of spaced heating ducts extending upwardly in the heating walls which are grouped into two adjacent pairs of heating ducts. The ducts in each group of four heating ducts are separated by first and second binder walls with the first binder walls carrying one binder duct for supplying air and discharging hot waste to and from adjacent heat ducts in one of the pairs in the group. The second wall is either provided with no heating ducts or a pair of heating ducts. A horizontal channel connects the tops of all four heating ducts in each group and the lower end of each heating duct is provided with a rich gas supply nozzle.

Abstract: A method for the gasification of coke is disclosed in which coke produced in a coking chamber and having a temperature of 900.degree. C. to 1100.degree. C. is forced into a coke bucket, after coking in the coking chamber, and fed by means of hot coke conveyors without substantial temperature changes to a gasifier. The coke is gasified in the gasifier while adding at least one of oxygen and air, and steam and carbon dioxide.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclosed for indirectly drying and preheating fine material, in particular, moisture containing coal or the like, comprises, providing a rotary drum which is mounted for rotation and has a plurality of heating tubes extending therethrough, supplying heated cooling gas from a dry coke cooling system to the heating tubes, supplying the moist material to the drum, adjacent the bottom thereof, removing the material from the drum after it has been predried and preheated, and returning or recycling a portion of the predried and preheated material to the rotary drum. The method and apparatus utilizes the heated cooling gas used to cool dry coke in a dry coke cooling plant from high temperatures to below 200.degree. C. It has been found that such heated cooling gas for a selected amount of dry coke is useful either in a series of more than one rotary drum or, to process moist material in a single rotary drum and also generate steam as a byproduct.

Abstract: A method for the gasification of coke is disclosed in which coke produced in a coking chamber and having a temperature of 900.degree. C. to 1100.degree. C. is forced into a coke bucket, after coking in the coking chamber, and fed by means of hot coke conveyors without substantial temperature changes to a gasifier. The coke is gasified in the gasifier while adding at least one of oxygen and air, and steam and carbon dioxide.