Abstract: A method of producing hot briquettes in a plurality of stages comprises heating inert components which do not soften by direct heat exchange with hot carrier gases which are generated in a combustor to a temperature of about from 550.degree. to 700.degree. C. Thereafter the heated inert components and the gases are directed to a first separator to separate the carrier gases from the heated inert components. A caking bituminous binder coal component is then preheated and dried to temperatures of either 60.degree. over or under 300.degree. C. with the separated carrier gas. The binder coal and the separated carrier gas is then directed to a second separator to provide a second separated carrier gas and the heated binder coal. The second heated carrier gas is directed into a third separator in direct heat exchange with a second inert component which is then heated by this to a temperature of from 350.degree. to 600.degree. C.

Abstract: A method of producing process gases containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide from ash oil comprises directing oil rich in ash and oxygen enriched gas into a burner which is fired downwardly into a pressure reactor so as to gasify the oil under pressure and under pressure of steam into gases which are partly burned and a remainder of gases. The remaining gases are separated from unburned carbon and ash and are quenched to convert them into steam by a wash water which entrains fine particles of carbon. The remaining heat content of the quench gases are used in another process. Wash water is directed into a decanter thickener in order to separate the wash water and entrain particles into clear water, carbon containing water and ash mud. The carbon containing water is used to produce steam for controlling the conversion of ash oil.

Abstract: A method of cooling and dedusting degasification gases which escape from coal degasification chambers particularly gases which are obtained in high temperature or low temperature carbonization of bituminous and subbituminous coals and which pass from degasification chambers through risers and bends into collection mains and in the bends or in the collecting mains themselves which comprises directing crude tar having a temperature in excess of 50.degree. C. and lower than 170.degree. C. into the bends and collecting mains either alone or with water added which has a temperature and is of a quantity such that it completely evaporates in the collecting main.

Abstract: A device for separating gases and solids, particularly coal dust, during the carbonization of coal, particularly predried and preheated fine coal in coke ovens arranged in a battery which includes a standpipe extending upwardly from the top of the battery having a bend extending from the top of the standpipe downwardly into a collecting main, comprises, a vertically extending standpipe which extends upwardly from the top of the battery and has a bend at the top thereof extending outwardly and downwardly from the top and which includes a longitudinally extending collecting main connected into the lower end of the bend with a solids discharge line overlying the bend and extending substantially parallel to the collecting main. The solids matter discharge line includes a connection extending downwardly into the bend. Means are provided for spraying a liquid into the bend over the collecting line and the solids matter discharge line includes a shutoff control in the connection to the bend.

Abstract: A method reducing fine dust emission during the time that predried and preheated coal is charged into coke ovens comprises directing wet coal to be carbonized into direct contact with a hot process gas so that the coal is transported dry and heated, directing the hot process gas with the heated coal to a plurality of different separators in succession with the first separator being set to separate only around from 80 to 90% of the total amount of the coal and without separating the fine dust, and a subsequent separator separate the remaining amount of the solid matter including the fine dust, compacting the dust removed from all of the separators and mixing them together, and charging the compacted mixed dust into the coke oven. The apparatus for effecting the invention includes a material separator which is designed as a gravity separator or gravity sifter which is arranged to discharge into a connection between the mixed and compacted dust separator in separate additional separators.

Abstract: A coke oven, comprises a housing having an interior vertically elongated coke oven chamber with a plurality of vertically extending binding walls subdividing the oven chamber into a plurality of heating flues. A nozzle in each of the binder walls between the heating flues discharges a rich gas into each flue. In addition, the binder walls contain respective first and second vertical air ducts arranged in alternate binder walls between the flues with alternate ones of the air ducts having discharges at one or more levels above the others of each binder duct wall and connecting into the flues on each side of the associated binding wall. An air duct supply is connected separately to the alternate ones in each of the other air supply ducts.

Abstract: An apparatus for quenching glowing coke in a coke-quenching container or car, comprises a housing with spaced front and rear vertical walls and vertical end walls at each end having respective entrance and exit openings for the quenching car. The housing also has a ceiling portion adjacent the upper end of a vertically elongated gas chamber defined within the housing and it communicates adjacent the rear wall with an upwardly extending flue. In order to ensure that any sensing devices in the flue are not influenced by the direct radiation from the glowing coke of the quenching car positioned in the chamber, the device includes a baffle extending outwardly from the rear wall and covers a cross-sectional area in the quenching chamber, but leaves a free gas flow cross-section for the flow of quenching gases which is as large as the area covered by the baffle.

Abstract: Abrasion-proof coke forms are produced from bituminous coal, brown coal, or peat in the form of briquets, by preheating the briquets, dehydrating or predrying them, carbonizing them and then cooling them in at least three separate stages in which the briquets are dehydrated indirectly by subjecting them to indirect temperature conditions, producing a temperature gradient in the briquets. The briquets are automatically fed into a shaft tower which includes an upper drying shaft portion made up of a plurality of stacked radiators which include tube elements for the passing of a heating fluid, such as steam, therethrough and which define vertical shaft passages through which the briquet forms are passed downwardly and into a carbonizing shaft which has separate gas channels for directing heating gases therethrough and to a heating flue and which subsequently includes a lower cooling zone through which the briquets pass and then into a discharge channel where they are delivered for classification.

Abstract: A device for sealing the cambers of coke ovens adjacent the roof of the oven and above an oven door frame which is located at the transition between fireclay brickwork and silica brickwork each of which has joints between the courses thereof is located between anchor plates which support each side of the door frame. The door frame includes a vertical back portion which intersects a horizontal top portion. During the formation of the brick a cast iron bridge is positioned so that a vertical part is arranged directly behind the door and is advantageously sealed to the rear base of the door frame by a gasket or asbestos cord. The anchor plate carries an upper horizontal portion which is disposed beneath the fireclay brick at the transition between the fireclay and the silica brickwork and supports the fireclay brick. In addition, another horizontally extending part of the cast iron bridge is positioned into the silica brickwork between adjacent courses located near the top of such brickwork.

Abstract: A method of producing abrasion resistant coke from brown coal briquets in a shaft furnace comprises charging the coke briquets into the top of the furnace and removing coke from the bottom of the furnace while directing inert hot combustion gases into the furnace and through the briquets at a plurality of vertically spaced levels throughout the height of the shaft furnace. Gases are directed at temperatures to effect and successively lower stages of the furnace the preheating, predrying, carbonization, and cooling of the charge.

Abstract: A horizontal coke oven battery construction in which a pusher is mounted to extend into the batteries from one side and push coke out of the batteries on the opposite side, comprises a plurality of coke oven batteries disposed in a row. A first waste gas flue extends along the pusher side of the batteries and a second waste gas flue extends along the coke side. A stack flue at one end of the batteries is connected to the first and second waste gas flues. The construction includes means for directing the heating gases into each oven battery during operation so that, in respect to the pusher and coke size, approximately one-half of the batteries is heated by upward burning and the other half is heated by downward burning. For example, all odd numbered batteries may be heated in the same direction and all even numbered batteries heated in the same direction.

Abstract: A method for producing hot briquettes, for example, for use in blast furnaces, and using a briquetting material of non-caking components, such as low temperature coke from bituminous coal and/or lignite, coke dust and/or oil coke and caking fat coal at temperatures between 430.degree. C. and 540.degree. C., comprising, delivering the briquetting material to a briquetting press to form briquette blanks, tempering and degassing the blanks by delivering the blanks into individual chambers in a closed system of several chambers having gas communication with each other so that there is partly changing amounts of gas generated in the individual chambers and the briquette blanks are formed into tempered briquettes, and applying an overpressure to the chambers to conduct the gases away from the chamber with one and the same overpressure.

Abstract: A device for producing abrasion-proof coke forms from bituminous or brown coal briquettes, charcoal or peat, comprising, a preheating stage, a dehydrating stage, a carbonization stage and a cooling stage, each stacked in a column to form a tower furnace. Each of the stages include an annular zone for receiving the coal or charcoal material and each stage is supplied with a separate and independent gas circuit. Each annular zone is formed between an inner substantially cylindrical jacket and an outer substantially cylindrical jacket with a shaft space defined in the inner cylindrical jacket. Heaters for the gas circuits of the preheating, dehydrating and carbonizing stages are disposed in the shaft space.

Abstract: A method of cooling and dedusting degasification gases which escape from coal degasification chambers particularly gases which are obtained in high temperature or low temperature carbonization of bituminous and subbituminous coals and which pass from degasification chambers through risers and bends into collection mains and in the bends or in the collecting mains themselves which comprises directing crude tar having a temperature in excess of 50.degree. C. and lower than 170.degree. C. into the bends and collecting mains either alone or with water added which has a temperature and is of a quantity such that it completely evaporates in the collecting main.

Abstract: A method of preparing and delivering coal to a coking plant, comprises, conveying the coal to the plant on a moving conveyor while an inert combustion gas is directed over the coal being conveyed. The combustion gas is generated by burning a fuel with air to produce a substantially inert combustion gas which is passed over the coal during its conveying and, thereafter, passed through a cooler for removing the moisture which has been picked up from the coal by the gas. The heating and predrying inert gases are advantageously generated by the direct combustion of air and fuel which are passed through flash dryer tubes and one or more separate separator systems and then delivered into a conveyor pipeline through which the coal is conveyed. A portion of the gases which are generated are also directed with a return gas to a filter for removal of any coal therefrom and to a cooler for removing the moisture picked up from the coal and then back into the stream for delivery to the conveyor for the coal.

Abstract: A coke oven charging device for supplying coal to the charging chutes on the roof of a coke oven battery of a plurality of horizontally arranged coke ovens, comprises a horizontally disposed circulator conveyor supported on the roof at a spaced location thereabove and having a plurality of longitudinal and transversely spaced closable discharge openings. The conveyor is advantageously mounted for some displaceable movement on the roof. In addition, a charging car is movable on the roof over the coke ovens and it includes a closed transfer conveyor mounted on the car which is disposed along the length of the car. The car is advantageously provided with a plurality of coal transfer connections which makes it possible to connect the car and its conveyor to a selected opening of the circulating conveyor and to a selected chute for the transfer of the coal from the circulating conveyor through the car conveyor and into the coke oven battery.

Abstract: A method of preheating coal for coking comprises bringing a hot operating gas into direct contact with the coal to preheat the coal. Both the coal and the operating gas are passed into a separator and the separator is operated so as to effect the separation of the coarse preheated coal for delivery to the coke oven from the operating gases and coal dust. The operating gases and coal dust are then passed into a deduster to remove the coal dust from the operating gases. A portion of the removed dust is continuously directed into an accumulator. The dust is either supplied from the deduster or the accumulator to a combustion furnace where it is burned to generate at least a portion of the operating gas.

Abstract: A method for clarifying coke quenching water or other waters which are contaminated by solids, with a wide grain spectrum, in an operation in which the fine portions of the solids suspended and carried along with the water are removed from the water by filtration and the clarified water is returned in a cycle, comprising, depositing the water into a filter shaft so that the substances removed from the contaminated water build up in the shaft and themselves form a filter bed, continuing to pass the water through the filter bed from the top to the bottom in a manner so that the velocity of flow of the water in the filter bed decreases constantly and so as to preclarify the water which passes through the bed and subsequently refiltering the preclarified water in a trough basin which rises from the bottom to the top. Thereafter, the refiltered water is directed into a discharge channel from the trough basin which overflows above the basin.

Abstract: A maintenance and repair station for the maintenance and repair of charging cars of coke oven batteries comprises an elevator which has a cage with a trackway which forms a portion of the roof trackway over which the charging car operates and which may be shifted to a different elevation, for example, downwardly to position another trackway portion identical in length with the first in a position in which it forms a portion of the trackway over the coke oven battery. In this matter a charging car may be loaded onto the elevator and lowered to a repair station or raised to a different repair station while another track may be orientated in a place taken by the trackway portion of the elevator which also forms a portion of the trackway over the coke oven roof.

Abstract: A method of producing hydrogen and carbon-oxide-containing gases for use for reducing ores and synthesizing hydrocarbons and oxygen-containing organic substances, comprises, directing a suspension of finely ground coal and oxygen through a burner into a pressure reactor to convert the coal into gases and partly burning the gases, separating the gases from non-converted coal and ash, directing the separated gases into a quenching water so that their heat content is converted into pressure steam and the gases are precooled. The precooled gases are further purified and further cooled. During quenching, the gases are cooled from temperatures in the range of from 1300.degree. C. to 1500.degree. C. down to 200.degree. C. to 300.degree. C., depending on the gasification pressure. The ash-free gases then become highly loaded with steam to a steam-to-gas ratio of 2 as they are cooled down to a temperature of from between 100.degree. C. to 200.degree. C., and to also form a condensate.